Composition containing plant extracts

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to a composition comprising plant extracts. The composition according to the present invention has a skin whitening effect by reducing the total amount of melanin and tyrosinase activity in melanocytes of the skin, promotes skin regeneration and increases skin elasticity or reduces skin wrinkles by promoting collagen synthesis and inhibiting collagenase activity in fibroblasts of the skin, has an anti-inflammatory effect or a skin soothing effect by inhibiting NO generation, increases the amount of moisture in the skin and has a moisturizing effect by promoting generation of hyaluronic acid in fibroblasts, and has an antioxidant effect by scavenging free radicals. In addition, since the composition of the present invention exhibits a broad antibacterial effect against various bacteria, the composition may be used as a cosmetic composition, a pharmaceutical composition, a skin external preparation, or a food composition.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a composition containing plant extracts, and more particularly, to a composition for skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, wrinkle suppression, inflammation suppression, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, oxidation inhibition, or bacterial inhibition.

BACKGROUND ART

Most people want to have fair skin. Skin color is genetically determined according to the concentration and distribution of melanin in the skin, but skin color is also affected by environmental factors such as ultraviolet rays and physiological factors such as fatigue and stress. Melanin is produced through a non-enzymatic oxidation reaction after tyrosine, a type of amino acid, is converted to dopa and dopaquinone by action of a tyrosinase enzyme. As such, the pathway by which melanin is produced is known, but the previous step of the step in which tyrosinase acts, that is, the mechanism of inducing melanin synthesis, is still unknown.

Examples of general whitening ingredients comprise substances that inhibit tyrosinase enzyme activity, such as kojic acid and arbutin, hydroquinone, vitamin-C (L-ascorbic acid) and derivatives thereof, and various plants extracts. The above-described whitening ingredients may lighten skin tone by inhibiting synthesis of a melanin pigment, thereby realizing skin whitening. In addition, the whitening ingredients may alleviate skin hyperpigmentation, such as melasma or freckles, caused by ultraviolet rays, hormones, or heredity. However, when the whitening ingredients are applied to the skin, usage thereof may be limited due to safety issues such as irritation and redness. In addition, in some cases, since the effect of the whitening ingredients is insignificant, a substantial effect may not be expected for the whitening ingredients.

Meanwhile, collagen is a major matrix protein produced by fibroblasts of the skin and is present in the extracellular matrix. Collagen is responsible for maintaining the mechanical strength of the skin, imparting resistance and bonding strength to the connective tissues, maintaining cell adhesion, and inducing cell division and differentiation (in growth of an organism or wound healing). Collagen decreases with age and photoaging caused by UV irradiation, which is known to be closely related to formation of wrinkles in the skin. Also, in recent years, as extensive research on skin aging progresses, new functions of collagen in the skin are being revealed.

Active ingredients that promote collagen synthesis and exhibit anti-wrinkle effects are known. For example, retinoic acid, a transforming growth factor (TGF) [Non-Patent Document 1], an animal placenta-derived protein [Patent Document 1], betulinic acid [Patent Document 2], and chlorella extracts [Patent Document 3, 4] are known as collagen synthesis promoting substances. However, when the active ingredients are applied to the skin, usage thereof may be limited due to safety issues such as irritation and redness. In addition, in some cases, since the effect of the active ingredients is insignificant, the effect of improving the skin function by promoting synthesis of collagen in the skin may be substantially insignificant.

Meanwhile, inflammation is an immune response of the human body in response to a wound or disease, and ultraviolet rays or oxidative stress due to reactive oxygen species or free radicals activates inflammatory factors to cause various diseases and aging of the skin. Vasoactive polypeptides such as kinin, plasmin, and complements play a role in vasodilation, vasoconstriction, and chemotaxis. In addition, lymphokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), and arachidonic acid are responsible for inflammatory responses. Arachidonic acid is converted to prostaglandins and leukotrienes, which are inflammatory mediators, through two pathways associated with cyclooxygenase and lipooxygenase, and mediates various inflammatory responses.

Anti-inflammatory agents serve to eliminate inflammation by removing inflammatory sources and reducing biological responses and symptoms. To date, substances used for anti-inflammatory purposes comprise non-steroidal substances such as flufenamic acid, ibuprofen, benzydamine, and indomethacin and steroidal substances such as prednisolone and dexamethasone. In addition, allantoin, azene, hydrocortisone, and the like are known to have an anti-inflammatory effect. However, usage thereof may be limited due to skin safety issues, and the effect of alleviating inflammation by these substances may he insignificant.

Meanwhile, hyaluronic acid is a type of glycosaminoglycan and is a chain-shaped polymeric polysaccharide in which glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine residues are repeatedly linked. Hyaluronic acid has high viscosity and elasticity and can form a gel by combining with a large amount of water. Hyaluronic acid is a major component of the extracellular matrix and is involved in water retention, maintenance of intercellular spacing, and storage and diffusion of cell growth factors and nutrients. In addition, hyaluronic acid is known to be involved in cell division and differentiation, cell migration, and the like.

According to previous reports, more than 50% of hyaluronic acid present in the body of a mammal is distributed in the skin, particularly between epidermal cells and in the connective tissues of the dermis. In addition, hyaluronic acid is mainly synthesized by keratinocytes and fibroblasts. It has been reported that the amount of hyaluronic acid in human skin decreases with aging and decrease in hyaluronic acid in the skin is considered to be one of the direct causes of decrease in skin elasticity and moisture content due to aging (BiochemBiophysActa 279, 265-275; Carbohydr Res 159, 127-136; Int J Dermatol 33, 119-122). In addition, hyaluronic acid is known to be involved in maintaining the structure of the stratum corneum and maintaining skin barrier function (J CosmetDermatol. 2007 Jun. 6(2), 75-82).

However, hyaluronic acid having the above effects is not effectively absorbed into the skin due to high molecular weight thereof. In addition, a method of injecting hyaluronic acid into the skin through injection is currently being implemented, but this method may cause great irritation. Compared to this method, a method that promotes synthesis of hyaluronic acid in skin cells is more effective. Therefore, research on a method for increasing production of hyaluronic acid in the human body is being actively conducted, but remarkable research results are not yet known.

Meanwhile, reactive oxygen species introduced into the human body from the outside or reactive oxygen species generated in the human body may accelerate aging of the human body or cause cancers. Accordingly, development and research on antioxidants that inhibit oxidation induced by reactive oxygen species are being actively conducted. Antioxidants are widely distributed in the animal and plant kingdoms, and many phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tocopherols, vitamin C, and selenium in fruits and vegetables are known as antioxidants. However, when naturally occurring antioxidants are applied to the skin, it is difficult to obtain sufficient antioxidant effects. Accordingly, although synthetic antioxidants with excellent antioxidant power and low price are widely used, use thereof is limited due to safety concerns such as side effects in the human body.

Meanwhile, with development of transportation, people around the world are moving actively. Accordingly, various infectious diseases and new diseases are rapidly spreading. In the past, the indiscriminate use of antibacterial substances has conferred resistance to various microorganisms, which threatens mankind. In particular, for preservation of perishable products (e.g., cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, or food), there is continuous demand for substances with antibacterial properties for direct cosmetic improvement or therapy against microorganisms that may adversely affect the body.

Pesticides may be broadly divided into fungicides, pesticides, herbicides, and growth regulators. To prevent damage to crops by viruses or microorganisms, fungicides are used. Excessive use of cheap and powerful synthetic antibacterial substances in agriculture has threatened our table. Various antibacterial substances are also used in household products that come into direct contact with the human body. In this case, most of these antibacterial substances are manufactured using inexpensive chemical components. Unfortunately, based on scientific evidence, long-term use of most of these antibacterial substances may be harmful to the human body.

Preservatives, antibacterial substances approved for human use, are added to many products such as food, pharmaceuticals, daily necessities, and cosmetics widely used in our daily life to prevent change in physical properties and preserve the products for a certain period of time. In particular, in the case of products that are in frequent contact with the hand or the human body, such as cosmetics, microorganisms may be introduced from the outside, and the quality of the product may be changed by these microorganisms. In particular, when products used around the eyes are contaminated, eye diseases may be induced. In the United States in the 1920s, there was a case in which a consumer went blind after using mascara contaminated with microorganisms. Accordingly, technologies for securing consumer safety and preserving product quality by preventing contamination of the products by microorganisms have been continuously developed.

Naturally produced substances are also used as the preservatives, but most of the preservatives are chemically synthesized artificial substances. Existing preservatives, such as parabens, are known to be safe and are widely used in household products, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. However, paraben preservatives also have problems such as skin allergies (Andrea Counti et al., Contact Dermatitis, 1997, 37;35-36), potential as environmental hormones (Edwin et al., Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 1998, 153;12-19), and generation of resistant bacteria.

Most of natural active substances used as preservatives have not been commercialized due to problems such as coloration, reduced stability, a narrow antibacterial spectrum, and formulation limitation. Only a few natural active substances are being commercialized, such as hinokitiol, which is a cypress extract, magnolol, which is a magnolia extract, and DF-100, which is a grapefruit extract. Accordingly, there is an increasing need for natural antibacterial substances that can replace existing synthetic chemical antibacterial substances. In particular, it is necessary to develop a natural antibacterial substance that reduces the side effects of antibacterial agents and has a wide antibacterial spectrum and formulation stability.

DISCLOSURE Technical Problem

The present inventors confirmed that 109 plant extracts reduced the total amount of melanin and tyrosinase activity in melanocytes of the skin to obtain a skin whitening effect, promoted skin regeneration and improve skin elasticity or reduce skin wrinkles by promoting collagen synthesis and inhibiting collagenase activity in the fibroblasts of the skin, obtained an anti-inflammatory or a skin soothing effect by inhibiting NO generation, obtained a moisturizing effect by increasing the amount of moisture in the skin by promoting production of hyaluronic acid in fibroblasts, obtained an antioxidant effect by scavenging free radicals, and obtained a broad antibacterial effect against various bacteria. Based on these results, the present inventors conducted further studies to complete the present invention.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is one object of the present invention to provide a composition for skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, wrinkle suppression, inflammation suppression, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, oxidation inhibition, or bacterial inhibition comprising, as active ingredients, one or more plant extracts selected from the group consisting of Island thistle (scientific name: Cirsium nipponicum (Maxim.) Makino), Deodeok (scientific name: Codonopsis lanceolata), Ulleung goldenrod (scientific name: Solidago virgaurea), Ulleungdo aster (scientific name: Aster glehnii), Myeongyi (scientific name: Allium victorialis), Aging chive (scientific name: Allium senescens), Silvery mountain ash (scientific name: Sorbus commixta), Wild chervil (scientific name: Anthriscus sylvestris), Giant Knotweed (scientific name: Fallopia sachalinensis), Mono maple (scientific name: Acer pictum), Ulleungdo ladyfern (scientific name: Athyrium acutipinnulum), Wild wasabi (scientific name: Wasabia japonica), Yellow Mongolian snakegourd (scientific name: Trichosanthes kirilowii), Pungdo solomon's seal (scientific name: Polygonatum odoratum), Songak (scientific name: Hedera rhombea), Ulleungdo sweet violet (scientific name: Viola woosanensis), Korean bellflower (scientific name: Campanula takesimana), Ulleungdo turk's-cap lily (scientific name: Lilium hansonii), Ulleungdo spike speedwell (scientific name: Pseudolysimachion insulare), Coastal moss-like stonecrop (scientific name: Sedum oryzifolium), Water chickweed (Giant chickweed) (scientific name: Stellaria aquatica), Heartleaf Houttuynia (scientific name: Houttuynia cordata Thunb.), Ulleungdo liverleaf (scientific name: Hepatica maxima (Nakai) Nakai), Chinese buttercup (scientific name: Ranunculus quelpaertensis (H.Lev.) Nakai), Tricuspidate falsenettle (scientific name: Boehmeria tricuspis (Hance) Makino), Long-calyx pink (scientific name: Dianthus longicalyx Miq.), Curled dock (scientific name: Rumex crispus L.), Erect St. Johnswort (scientific name: Hypericum erectum Thunb.), Five-leaf gynostemma (scientific name: Gynostemma pentaphylla (Thunb.) Makino), Bird's egg cucumber (scientific name: Melothria japonica (Thunb.) Maxim.), Ulleungdo rockcress (scientific name: Arabis takesimana Nakai), Hedge Mustard (scientific name: Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop.), Asian prince's pine (scientific name: Chimaphila japonica Miq.), Marlberry (scientific name: Ardisia japonica (Thunb.) Blume). Spoon-leaf yellow loosestrife (scientific name: Lysimachia mauritiana Lam.), Climbing hydrangea (scientific name: Hydrangea petiolaris Siebold & Zucc.), Stringy stonecrop (scientific name: Sedum sarmentosum Bunge). Ulleungdo stonecrop (scientific name: Sedum takesimense Nakai), Foam flower (scientific name: Tiarella polyphylla D. Don.), East Asian cinquefoil (scientific name: Potentilla chinensis Ser.), Indigobush Amorpha (scientific name: Amorpha fruticosa L.), Sericea lespedeza (scientific name: Lespedeza cuneata (Dum. Cours.) G. Don.), Alfalfa (scientific name: Medicago sativa L.), Amur vetch (scientific name: Vicia amurensis Oett.), Hairy purple loosestrife (scientific name: Lythrum salicaria L.), South enchanter's nightshade (scientific name: Circaea mollis Siebold & Zucc.), Long-seed willowherb (scientific name: Epilobium pyrricholophum Franch. & Sav.), Evening Primrose (scientific name: Oenothera biennis L.), Stolon golden saxifrage (scientific name: Chrysosplenium flagelliferum F. Schmidt), Serrate-petal rockfoil (scientific name: Saxifraga fortunei var. incisolobata (Engl. & Irmsch.) Nakai), Ulleungdo deadnettle (scientific name: Lamium takesimense NAKAI.), Island ninebark (scientific name: Physocarpus insularis (Nakai) Nakai), Island corydalis (scientific name: Corydalis ilistipes Nakai), Ulleungdo raspberry; (scientific name: Rubus takesimensis Nakai), Korea Dystaenia (scientific name: Dystaenia takeshimana (Nakai) Kitag), Ulleungdo violet (scientific name: Viola takeshimana Nakai), Spindle Tree (scientific name: Euonymus japonicus Thunb.), Crimson grapevine (scientific name: Vitis coignetiae Pulliat ex Planch.), Aralia continentalis (scientific name: Aralia cordata var. continentalis (Kitag.) Y.C.Chu), Japanese Angelica (scientific name: Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem.), Glossy-leaf paper plant (scientific name: Fatsia japonica (Thunb.) Decne. & Planch.), Three-leaf clematis (scientific name: Clematis apiifolia DC.). Lyre-leaf nightshade (scientific name: Solanum lvratum Thunb.), Ivy morning glory (scientific name: Calystegia hederacea Wall.), Beach morning glory (scientific name: Calystegia soldanella (L.) Roem. & Schult.), East Asian beautyberry (scientific name: Callicarpa japonica Thunb.), Korean mint (scientific name: Agastache rugosa (Fisch. & C. A. Mey.) Kuntze), Small-flower Asian calamint (scientific name: Clinopodium chinense var. parviflorum (Kudo) H. Hara), Henbit deadnettle (scientific name: Lamium amplexicaule L.), Oriental motherwort (scientific name: Leonurus japonicus Houtt.), Long-stalk low meadow-rue (scientific name: Thalictrum kemense Fr.), Korean spice viburnum (scientific name: Viburnum carlesii Hemsl.), Asian greater celandine (scientific name: Chelidonium majus var. asiaticum (H. Hara) Ohwi), Seashore spatulate aster (scientific name: Aster spathulifolius Maxim.), Leopard plant (scientific name: Farfugium japonicum (L.) Kitam.), Oriental yellowhead (scientific name: Inula britannica var. japonica (Thunb.) Franch. & Sav.), Giant butterbur (scientific name: Petasites japonicus (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim.), Ciliated-fruit sedge (scientific name: Carex blepharicarpa Franch.), Short-stem sedge (scientific name: Carex breviculmis R. Br.), Purple maiden silvergrass (scientific name: Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens (Andersson) Rendle), Foxtail fountaingrass (scientific name: Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng.), Arrow bamboo (scientific name: Pseudosasa japonica (Siebold & Zucc. ex Steud.) Makino ex Nakai), Kuril bamboo (scientific name: Sasa kurilensis (Rupr.) Makino & Shibata), Shrubby sophora (scientific name: Sophora flavescens Aiton), Orange Daylily (scientific name: Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L.), Tiger lily (scientific name: Lilium lancifolium Thunb.), Big blue lilyturf (scientific name: Liriope platyphylla F. T. Wang & T. Tang), False lily of the valley (scientific name: Maianthemum dilatatum (A. W. Wood) A. Nelson & J. F. Macbr.), Japanese Cedar (scientific name: Cryptomeria japonica (Thunb. ex L. f.) D. Don), Thunberg's bay-tree (scientific name: Machilus thunbergii Siebold & Zucc.), Ulleungdo white pine (scientific name: Pinus parviflora Siebold & Zucc.), Ulleungdo hemlock (scientific name: Tsuga sieboldii Carriere), Sericeous newlitsea (scientific name: Neolitsea sericea (Blume) Koidz.), Macropodous daphniphyllum (scientific name: Daphniphyllum macropodum Miq.), Scabrous aphananthe (scientific name: Aphananthe aspera (Thunb.) Planch.), Caudate-leaf hackberry (scientific name: Celtis jessoensis Koidz.), Manchurian Elm (scientific name: Ulmus laciniata (Trautv.) Mayr), Montane alder (scientific name: Alnus maximowiczii Callier), Ulleungdo linden (scientific name: Tilia insularis Nakai), Fragrant snowbell (scientific name: Styrax obassia Siebold & Zucc.), Ulleungdo flowering cherry (scientific name: Prunus takesimensis Nakai), Spotted laurel (scientific name: Aucuba japonica Thunb.), Ulleungdo maple (scientific name: Acer takesimense Nakai), Ulleungdo amur corktree (scientific name: Phellodendron insulare Nakai), Alianthus-like prickly-ash (scientific name: Zanthoxylum ailanthoides Siebold & Zucc.), Wax-leaf privet (scientific name: Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.), Ulleungdo honeysuckle (scientific name: Lonicera insularis Nakai), Silk tree (scientific name: Albizia julibrissin), and False daisy (scientific name: Eclipta prostrata).

Technical Solution

In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, provided is a composition for skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, wrinkle suppression, inflammation suppression, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, oxidation inhibition, or bacterial inhibition comprising, as active ingredients, one or more plant extracts selected from the group consisting of Island thistle (scientific name: Cirsium nipponicum (Maxim.) Makino), Deodeok (scientific name: Codonopsis lanceolata), Ulleung goldenrod (scientific name: Solidago virgaurea), Ulleungdo aster (scientific name: Aster glehnii), Myeongyi (scientific name: Allium victorialis), Aging chive (scientific name: Allium senescens), Silvery mountain ash (scientific name: Sorbus commixta), Wild chervil (scientific name: Anthriscus sylvestris), Giant Knotweed (scientific name: Fallopia sachalinensis), Mono maple (scientific name: Acer pictum), Ulleungdo ladyfern (scientific name: Athyrium acutipinnulum), Wild wasabi (scientific name: Wasabia japonica), Yellow Mongolian snakegourd (scientific name: Trichosanthes kirilowii), Pungdo solomon's seal (scientific name: Polygonatum odoratum), Songak (scientific name: Hedera rhombea), Ulleungdo sweet violet (scientific name: Viola woosanensis), Korean bellflower (scientific name: Campanula takesimana). Ulleungdo turk's-cap lily (scientific name: Lilium hansonii), Ulleungdo spike speedwell (scientific name: Pseudolysimachion insulare), Coastal moss-like stonecrop (scientific name: Sedum oryzifolium), Water chickweed (Giant chickweed) (scientific name: Stellaria aquatica), Heartleaf Houttuynia (scientific name: Houttuynia cordata Thunb.), Ulleungdo liverleaf (scientific name: Hepatica maxima (Nakai) Nakai), Chinese buttercup (scientific name: Ranunculus quelpaertensis (H.Lev.) Nakai), Tricuspidate falsenettle (scientific name: Boehmeria tricuspis (Hance) Makino), Long-calyx pink (scientific name: Dianthus longicalyx Miq.), Curled dock (scientific name: Rumex crispus L.), Erect St. Johnswort (scientific name: Hypericum erectum Thunb.), Five-leaf gynostemma (scientific name: Gynostemma pentaphylla (Thunb.) Makino), Bird's egg cucumber (scientific name: Melothria japonica (Thunb.) Maxim.), Ulleungdo rockcress (scientific name: Arabis takesimana Nakai), Hedge Mustard (scientific name: Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop.), Asian prince's pine (scientific name: Chimaphila japonica Miq.), Marlberry (scientific name: Ardisia japonica (Thunb.) Blume), Spoon-leaf yellow loosestrife (scientific name: Lysimachia mauritiana Lam.), Climbing hydrangea (scientific name: Hydrangea petiolaris Siebold & Zucc.), Stringy stonecrop (scientific name: Sedum sarmentosum Bunge), Ulleungdo stonecrop (scientific name: Sedum takesimense Nakai.). Foam flower (scientific name: Tiarella polyphylla D. Don), East Asian cinquefoil (scientific name: Potentilla chinensis Ser.), Indigobush Amorpha (scientific name: Amorpha fruticosa L.), Sericea lespedeza (scientific name: Lespedeza cuneata (Dum. Lours.) G. Don.). Alfalfa (scientific name: Medicago sativa L.), Amur vetch (scientific name: Vicia amurensis Oett.), Hairy purple loosestrife (scientific name: Lythrum salicaria L.), South enchanter's nightshade (scientific name: Circaea mollis Siebold & Zucc.), Long-seed willowherb (scientific name: Epilobium pyrricholophum Franch. &. Sav.), Evening Primrose (scientific name: Oenothera biennis L.), Stolon golden saxifrage (scientific name: Chrysosplenium flagelliferum F. Schmidt), Serrate-petal rockfoil (scientific name: Saxifraga fortunei var. incisolobata (Engl. & Irmsch.) Nakai), Ulleungdo deadnettle (scientific name: Lamium takesimense NAKAI.), Island ninebark (scientific name: Physocarpus insularis (Nakai) Nakai), Island corydalis (scientific name: Corydalis ilistipes Nakai), Ulleungdo raspberry (scientific name: Rubus takesimensis Nakai), Korea Dystaenia (scientific name: Dystaenia takeshimana (Nakai) Kitag), Ulleungdo violet (scientific name: Viola takeshimana Nakai), Spindle Tree (scientific name: Euonymus japonicus Thunb.), Crimson grapevine (scientific name: Vitis coignetiae Pulliat ex Planch.), Aralia continentalis (scientific name: Aralia cordata var. continentalis (Kitag.) Y.C.Chu), Japanese Angelica (scientific name: Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem.), Glossy-leaf paper plant (scientific name: Fatsia japonica (Thunb.) Decne. & Planch.), Three-leaf clematis (scientific name: Clematis apiifolia DC.), Lyre-leaf nightshade (scientific name: Solanum lyratum Thunb.), Ivy morning glory (scientific name: Calystegia hederacea Wall.), Beach morning glory (scientific name: Calystegia soldanella (L.) Roem. & Schutt.), East Asian beautyberry (scientific name: Callicarpa japonica Thunb.), Korean mint (scientific name: Agastache rugosa (Fisch. & C. A. Mey.) Kuntze), Small-flower Asian calamint (scientific name: Clinopodium chinense var. parviflorum (Kudo) H. Hara), Henbit deadnettle (scientific name: Lamium amplexicaule L.), Oriental motherwort (scientific name: Leonurus japonicus Houtt.), Long-stalk low meadow-rue (scientific name: Thalictrum kemense Fr.), Korean spice viburnum (scientific name: Viburnum carlesii Hemsl.), Asian greater celandine (scientific name: Chelidonium majus var. asiaticum (H. Hara) Ohwi), Seashore spatulate aster (scientific name: Aster spathulifolius Maxim.), Leopard plant (scientific name: Farfugium japonicum (L.) Kitam.), Oriental yellowhead (scientific name: Inula britannica var, japonica (Thunb.) Franch. & Sav.), Giant butterbur (scientific name: Petasites japonicus (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim.), Ciliated-fruit sedge (scientific name: Carex blepharicarpa Franch.), Short-stem sedge (scientific name: Carex breviculmis R., Br.), Purple maiden silvergrass (scientific name: Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens (Andersson) Rendle). Foxtail fountaingrass (scientific name: Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng.), Arrow bamboo (scientific name: Pseudosasa japonica (Siebold & Zucc. ex Steud.) Makino ex Nakai), Kuril bamboo (scientific name: Sasa kurilensis (Rupr.) Makino & Shibata), Shrubby sophora (scientific name: Sophora flavescens Aiton), Orange Daylily (scientific name: Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L.), Tiger lily (scientific name: Lilium lancifolium Thunb.), Big blue lilyturf (scientific name: Liriope platyphylla F. T. Wang & T. Tang). False lily of the valley (scientific name: Maianthemum dilatatum (A. W Wood) A. Nelson & J. F. Macbr.), Japanese Cedar (scientific name: Cryptomeria japonica (Thunb. ex L. f) D. Don), Thunberg's bay-tree (scientific name: Machilus thunbergii Siebold & Zucc.), Ulleungdo white pine (scientific name: Pinus parviflora Siebold & Zucc.), Ulleungdo hemlock (scientific name: Tsuga sieboldii Carriere), Sericeous newlitsea (scientific name: Neolitsea sericea (Blume) Koidz.), Macropodous daphniphyllum (scientific name: Daphniphyllum macropodum Miq.), Scabrous aphananthe (scientific name: Aphananthe aspera (Thunb.) Planch.), Caudate-leaf hackberry (scientific name: Celtis jessoensis Koidz.), Manchurian Elm (scientific name: Ulmus laciniata (Trautv.) Mayr), Montane alder (scientific name: Alnus maximowiczii Callier), Ulleungdo linden (scientific name: Tilia insularis Nakai), Fragrant snowbell (scientific name: Styrax obassia Siebold & Zucc.), Ulleungdo flowering cherry (scientific name: Prunus takesimensis Nakai), Spotted laurel (scientific name: Aucuba japonica Thunb.). Ulleungdo maple (scientific name: Acer takesimense Nakai), Ulleungdo amur corktree (scientific name: Phellodendron insulare Nakai), Alianthus-like prickly-ash (scientific name: Zanthoxylum ailanthoides Siebold & Zucc.), Wax-leaf privet (scientific name: Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.), Ulleungdo honeysuckle (scientific name: Lonicera insularis Nakai), Silk tree (scientific name: Albizia julibrissin), and False daisy (scientific name: Eclipta prostrata).

Advantageous Effects

A composition comprising plant extracts according to the present invention has a skin whitening effect by reducing the total amount of melanin and tyrosinase activity in melanocytes of the skin, promotes skin regeneration and increases skin elasticity or reduces skin wrinkles by promoting collagen synthesis and inhibiting collagenase activity in fibroblasts of the skin, has an anti-inflammatory or a skin soothing effect by suppressing NO generation, increases the amount of moisture in the skin and has a moisturizing effect by promoting generation of hyaluronic acid in fibroblasts, and has an antioxidant effect by scavenging free radicals. In addition, since the composition of the present invention exhibits a broad antibacterial effect against various bacteria, the composition of the present invention can be used as a cosmetic composition, a pharmaceutical composition, a skin external preparation, or a food composition.

Best Mode

Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described in detail.

The present invention relates to a composition comprising, as active ingredients, one or more plant extracts selected from the group consisting of Island thistle (scientific name: Cirsium nipponicum (Maxim.) Makino), Deodeok (scientific name: Codonopsis lanceolata), Ulleung goldenrod (scientific name: Solidago virgaurea), Ulleungdo aster (scientific name: Aster glehnii), Myeongyi (scientific name: Allium victorialis), Aging chive (scientific name: Allium senescens), Silvery mountain ash (scientific name: Sorbus commixta), Wild chervil (scientific name: Anthriscus sylvestris), Giant Knotweed (scientific name: Fallopia sachalinensis), Mono maple (scientific name: Acer pictum), Ulleungdo ladyfern (scientific name: Athyrium acutipinnulum), Wild wasabi (scientific name: Wasabia japonica), Yellow Mongolian snakegourd (scientific name: Trichosanthes kirilowii), Pungdo solomon's seal (scientific name: Polygonatum odoratum), Songak (scientific name: Hedera rhombea), Ulleungdo sweet violet (scientific name: Viola woosanensis), Korean bellflower (scientific name: Campanula takesimana), Ulleungdo turk's-cap lily (scientific name: Lilium hansonii), Ulleungdo spike speedwell (scientific name: Pseudolysimachion insulare), Coastal moss-like stonecrop (scientific name: Sedum oryzifolium), Water chickweed (Giant chickweed) (scientific name: Stellaria aquatica), Heartleaf Houttuynia (scientific name: Houttuynia cordata Thunb.), Ulleungdo liverleaf (scientific name: Hepatica maxima (Nakai) Nakai), Chinese buttercup (scientific name: Ranunculus quelpaertensis (H.Lev.) Nakai), Tricuspidate falsenettle (scientific name: Boehmeria tricuspis (Fiance) Makino), Long-calyx pink (scientific name: Dianthus longicalyx Miq.), Curled dock (scientific name: Rumex crispus L.), Erect St. Johnswort (scientific name: Hypericum erectum Thunb.), Five-leaf gynostemma (scientific name: Gynostemma pentaphylla (Thunb,) Makino), Bird's egg cucumber (scientific name: Melothria japonica (Thunb.) Maxim.), Ulleungdo rockcress (scientific name: Arabis takesimana Nakai), Hedge Mustard (scientific name: Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop.), Asian prince's pine (scientific name: Chimaphila japonica Miq.), Mulberry (scientific name: Ardisia japonica (Thunb.) Blume), Spoon-leaf yellow loosestrife (scientific name: Lysimachia mauritiana Lam.), Climbing hydrangea (scientific name: Hydrangea petiolaris Siebold & Zucc.), Stringy stonecrop (scientific name: Sedum sarmentosum Bunge), Ulleungdo stonecrop (scientific name: Sedum takesimense Nakai), Foam flower (scientific name: Tiarella polyphylla D. Don), East Asian cinquefoil (scientific name: Potentilla chinensis Ser.), Indigobush Amorpha (scientific name: Amorpha fruticosa L.), Sericea lespedeza (scientific name: Lespedeza cuneata (Dum. Cours.) G. Don.), Alfalfa (scientific name: Medicago sativa L.), Amur vetch (scientific name: Vicia amurensis Oett.), Hairy purple loosestrife (scientific name: Lythrum salicaria L.), South enchanter's nightshade (scientific name: Circaea mollis Siebold & Zucc.), Long-seed willowherb (scientific name: Epilobium pyrricholophum Franch. & Sav.), Evening Primrose (scientific name: Oenothera biennis L.), Stolon golden saxifrage (scientific name: Chrysosplenium flagelliferum F. Schmidt), Serrate-petal rockfoil (scientific name: Saxifraga fortunei var. incisolobata (Engl. & Irmsch.) Nakai), Ulleungdo cleadnettle (scientific name: Lamium takesimense NAKAI.), Island ninebark (scientific name: Physocarpus insularis (Nakai) Nakai), Island corydalis (scientific name: Corydalis ilistipes Nakai), Ulleungdo raspberry (scientific name: Rubus takesimensis Nakai), Korea Dystaenia (scientific name: Dystaenia takeshimana (Nakai) Kitag), Ulleungdo violet (scientific name: Viola takeshimana Nakai), Spindle Tree (scientific name: Euonymus japonicus Thunb.), Crimson grapevine (scientific name: Vitis coignetiae Pulliat ex Planch.), Aralia continentalis (scientific name: Aralia cordata var. continentalis (Kitag.) Y.C.Chu), Japanese Angelica (scientific name: Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem.), Glossy-leaf paper plant (scientific name: Fatsia japonica (Thunb.) Decne. & Planch.), Three-leaf clematis scientific name: Clematis apiifolia DC.), Lyre-leaf nightshade (scientific name: Solanum lyratum Thunb.), Ivy morning glory (scientific name: Calystegia hederacea Wall.), Beach morning glory (scientific name: Calystegia soldanella (L.) Roem. & Schult.), East Asian beautyberry (scientific name: Callicarpa japonica Thunb.), Korean mint (scientific name: Agastache rugosa (Fisch: & C. A. Mey.) Kuntze), Small-flower Asian calamint (scientific name: Clinopodium chinense var. parviflorum (Kudo) H. Hara), Henbit deadnettle (scientific name: Lamium amplexicaule L.), Oriental motherwort (scientific name: Leonurus japonicus Houtt.), Long-stalk low meadow-rue (scientific name: Thalictrum kemense Fr), Korean spice viburnum (scientific name: Viburnum carlesii Hemsl.), Asian greater celandine (scientific name: Chelidonium majus var. asiaticum (H. Hara) Ohwi), Seashore spatulate aster (scientific name: Aster spathulifolius Maxim.), Leopard plant (scientific name: Farfugium japonicum (L.) Kitam.), Oriental yellowhead (scientific name: Inula britannica var. japonica (Thunb.) Franch. & Sav.), Giant butterbur (scientific name: Petasites japonicus (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim.), Ciliated-fruit sedge scientific name: Carex blepharicarpa Franch.), Short-stem sedge (scientific name: Carex breviculmis R. Br.), Purple maiden silvergrass (scientific name: Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens (Andersson) Rendle), Foxtail fountaingrass (scientific name: Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng.), Arrow bamboo (scientific name: Pseudosasa japonica (Siebold & Zucc. ex Steud.) Makino ex Nakai), Kuril bamboo (scientific name: Sasa kurilensis (Rupr.) Makino & Shibata), Shrubby sophora (scientific name: Sophora flavescens Aiton), Orange Daylily (scientific name: Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L.). Tiger lily (scientific name: Lilium lancifolium Thunb.), Big blue lilyturf (scientific name: Liriope platyphylla F. T. Wang & T. Tang), False lily of the valley (scientific name: Maianthemum dilatatum (A. W. Wood) A. Nelson & J. F. Macbr.), Japanese Cedar (scientific name: Cryptomeria japonica (Thunb. ex L. f.) D. Don), Thunberg's bay-tree (scientific name: Machilus thunbergii Siebold & Zucc.), Ulleungdo white pine (scientific name: Pinus parviflora Siebold & Zucc.). Ulleungdo hemlock (scientific name: Tsuga sieboldii, Carriere), Sericeous newlitsea (scientific name: Neolitsea sericea (Blume) Koidz.), Macropodous daphniphyllum (scientific name: Daphniphyllum macropodum Miq.), Scabrous aphananthe (scientific name: Aphananthe aspera (Thunb.) Planch.), Caudate-leaf hackberry (scientific name: Celtis jessoensis Koidz.), Manchurian Elm (scientific name: Ulmus laciniata (Trautv.) Mayr), Montane alder (scientific name: Alnus maximowiczii Callier). Ulleungdo linden (scientific name: Tilia insularis Nakai), Fragrant snowbell (scientific name: Styrax obassia Siebold & Zucc.), Ulleungdo flowering cherry (scientific name: Prunus takesimensis Nakai), Spotted laurel (scientific name: Aucuba japonica Thunb.), Ulleungdo maple (scientific name: Acer takesimense Nakai). Ulleungdo amur corktree (scientific name: Phellodendron insulare Nakai), Alianthus-like prickly-ash (scientific name: Zanthoxylum ailanthoides Siebold & Zucc.), Wax-leaf privet (scientific name: Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.), Ulleungdo honeysuckle (scientific name: Lonicera insularis Nakai), Silk tree (scientific name: Albizia julibrissin), and False daisy (scientific name: Eclipta prostrata).

The composition comprising plant extracts as active ingredients according to the present invention may be used as a composition for skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, wrinkle suppression, inflammation suppression, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, oxidation inhibition, and/or bacterial inhibition. The antibacterial composition may be used as an oral antibacterial composition, an anti-cavity composition, a periodontal disease alleviation composition, and an anti-halitosis composition.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, since the composition comprising plant extracts as active ingredients according to the present invention clearly exhibits a skin whitening effect, a skin regeneration effect, a skin elasticity improvement effect, an anti-wrinkle effect, an anti-inflammatory effect, a skin soothing effect, a moisturizing effect, an antioxidant effect, and/or an antibacterial effect at a low concentration, the composition may be used as an active ingredient for a cosmetic composition, a pharmaceutical composition, a skin external preparation, and a food composition for skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, wrinkle suppression, inflammation suppression, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, oxidation inhibition, and/or bacterial inhibition.

In the present invention, the type of plant is not limited, and a cultivated plant may be used, or a commercially available plant may be used., and. the source of the plant is not limited.

The plant extracts of the present invention may be extracted according to a method known in the art, and the method is not particularly limited. Alternatively, commercially available extracts may be used.

Regardless of regions in which plants are grown, the plant extracts according to the present invention may have a skin whitening, a skin regeneration effect, an elasticity improvement effect, an anti-wrinkle effect, an anti-inflammatory effect, a skin soothing effect, a skin moisturizing effect, an antioxidative effect, and/or an antibacterial effect. Preferably, plant extracts collected from Ulleungdo may have superior skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, anti-wrinkle, anti-inflammatory, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, anti oxidative, and/or antibacterial effects.

The plant extracts may be obtained using any part of a plant, and there is no limitation on extraction sites. Obtaining the plant extracts is not limited by the shape of a plant, and a process of obtaining the extracts comprises a process of drying the plant. For example, in the present invention, the plant may be the whole, roots, stems, leaves, fruits, flowers, shoots, branches, bark, sap, bulbils, and/or seeds of the above-described plant.

In the present invention, the term “extracts” comprise extracts and all formulations that may be formed using extracts, such as extracts obtained by extracting the above-described plants, a diluted or concentrated liquid of the extracts, a product obtained by drying the extracts, a substance prepared by adjusting or purifying the extracts, a fermented product of the extracts, or a mixture thereof. In addition, the extracts comprise juice obtained by filtrating the product obtained after directly pressing or pulverizing the plants. The plant may be extracted as it is or may be extracted by oriental medicine processing. The “oriental medicine processing (

)” refers to a pharmaceutical technology that changes the original properties of medicines by processing the medicines based on oriental medicine theory. For example, the “oriental medicine processing” includes the “cho (

)” method of roasting medicinal materials, the “ja (

)” method in which a liquid auxiliary material is permeated into medicinal materials by roasting the medicinal materials with a certain amount of the liquid auxiliary material, and the “steam (

)” method in which liquid auxiliary materials according to the oriental medicine processing regulations for each medicinal material are added into an appropriate container, and the mixture is mixed, heated, and dried to an appropriate degree.

In the present invention, an extraction method is not particularly limited, and extraction may be performed according to a method commonly used in the art. Non-limiting examples of the extraction method comprise a solvent extraction method, a hot water extraction method, an ultrasonic extraction method, a filtration method, a reflux extraction method, and the like, and the methods may be performed alone, or two or more methods may be used in combination.

In the present invention, the type of extraction solvent used for extraction is not particularly limited, and any solvent known in the art may be used. In the present invention, the extracts may be obtained by performing extraction using water, a low-grade alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a mixture thereof. In addition, non-limiting examples of the extraction solvent comprise water; a low-grade alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as methanol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, and butyl alcohol; a polyhydric alcohol such as glycerin, butylene glycol, and propylene glycol; a hydrocarbon-based solvent such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetone, benzene, hexane, diethyl ether, and dichloromethane; or a mixture thereof. Specifically, as the extraction solvent, water, a low-grade alcohol, 1,3-butylene glycol, and ethyl acetate may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be used in combination. In this case, when two or more solvents are mixed and used, the mixing ratio between the solvents is not particularly limited. 1371 In the present invention, extraction may be performed at an extraction temperature of 10 to 80° C., specifically 15 to 50° C. for an extraction time of 2 hours to 3 days, specifically 12 hours to 18 days using a solvent of 1 to 100 times by weight, specifically 1 to 50 times by weight, more specifically 2 to 20 times by weight based on the weight of the dry matter of the plants. The extraction method may comprise a process of obtaining a liquid crude extract by performing extraction 1 to 5 times consecutively for the dried material and the crushed material.

In the present invention, to remove solid particles suspended in the extracts, the solid particles may be filtered out from the extracts by filtration (e.g., using nylon or filter paper). In addition, the extracts may be used after performing filtration using freeze filtration or the like, or the filtered extracts may be used after drying using freeze drying, hot air drying, spray drying, or the like.

The liquid crude extract may be separated from the dried lysate of a plant by a method such as reduced pressure filtration and then subjected to a process of concentration or drying. For example, the liquid crude extract may be a concentrated solution obtained by perforating reduced pressure concentration at 20 to 100° C., preferably 30 to 70° C. using a vacuum rotary concentrator, and a powdered extract may be obtained by drying the liquid extract. When necessary, the concentrated or powdered extract may be used by dissolving the extract in water, alcohol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), or a mixed solvent thereof.

In the present invention, the active ingredient may be a fraction of a plant extract.

In the present invention, the term “fraction” refers to a specific component or a group consisting of specific components separated from a mixture comprising various components by performing fractionation.

In the present invention, the fractionation method for obtaining the fraction is not particularly limited, and fractionation may be performed according to a method commonly used in the art. Non-limiting examples of the fractionation method comprise a method of obtaining a fraction from extracts by treating a predetermined solvent to plant extracts obtained by extracting a plant.

In the present invention, the kind of solvent used to obtain the traction is not particularly limited, and any solvent known in the art may be used. Non-limiting examples of the fractionation solvent comprise polar solvents such as water and alcohols; and non-polar solvents, such as hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, dichloromethane, and butanol. These solvents may be used alone or two or more thereof may be used in combination. When an alcohol is used as the fractionation solvent, an alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms may be used.

In the present invention, the term “whitening effect” refers to lightening skin tone by inhibiting synthesis of melanin, inhibiting or preventing melanin deposition (hyperpigmentation), and suppressing occurrence of melasma and freckles due to UV rays, hormones, or heredity.

In the present invention, the term “skin regeneration effect” refers to recovery of skin tissues against damage caused by external and internal causes as the activity of skin stem cells is promoted. In this case, the damage caused by the external cause comprises ultraviolet rays, external pollutants, wounds, and trauma, and the damage caused by the internal cause comprises stress and the like.

In the present invention, the term “elasticity improvement effect” refers to alleviating the degree of sagging of the skin. In addition, the elasticity means maintaining the elasticity of the skin in a state in which elastin and collagen are sufficiently present.

In the present invention, the term “anti-wrinkle effect” refers to suppressing or inhibiting formation of wrinkles on the skin or alleviating already formed wrinkles.

In the present invention, the term “anti-inflammatory effect” refers to suppressing inflammation. Inflammation is a kind of defense mechanism of a living tissue against a certain stimulus and refers to a complex lesion associated with three responses: tissue deterioration, circulatory disturbance and exudation, and tissue proliferation. More specifically, inflammation is part of innate immunity, and as in other animals, human innate immunity recognizes patterns on the surface of cells that are specific to pathogens. Phagocytes recognize cells having such a surface as foreign cells and attack pathogens. When pathogens break through the body's physical barriers, an inflammatory response occurs. The inflammatory response is a non-specific defense action that creates a hostile environment for microorganisms that invade a wound site. In the inflammatory response, when a wound is formed or an external infectious agent enters the body, white blood cells responsible for the initial stage of the immune response penetrate the site of infection and express cytokines. Accordingly, the expression level of intracellular cytokines is an indicator of inflammatory response activation. Examples of skin diseases related to inflammation include atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, erythematous diseases triggered by radiation, chemicals, burns, etc., acid burn, bullous dermatosis, lichenoid-type diseases, itching caused by allergies, seborrheic eczema, rosacea, pemphigus vulgaris, erythema multiforme, erythema nodosum, balanitis, inflammatory hair loss such as alopecia areata, and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition to an anti-inflammatory effect, a cosmetic having an anti-inflammatory effect has a skin soothing effect.

In the present invention, the term “moisturizing effect” refers to increasing the moisture content of the skin, reducing the roughness of the skin, and keeping the skin moist. The “moisturizing effect” is related to maintaining the flexibility of the skin by supplying moisture to the skin or blocking evaporation of moisture from the skin and maintaining a smooth surface by inducing uniform exfoliation of dead skin cells. When the skin moisturizing effect is increased, skin elasticity may be increased, and skin wrinkles may be reduced.

In the present invention, the term “antioxidant effect” refers to inhibiting oxidation of cells by highly reactive free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are generated by oxidative stress due to intracellular metabolism or ultraviolet rays. The “antioxidant effect” is associated with reducing cell damage by removing free radicals or reactive oxygen species.

In the present invention, the term “antibacterial effect” refers to ability to resist bacteria, and comprises all mechanisms performed to protect the human body from microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and yeast. In addition, in the present invention, the “antibacterial effect” may mean inhibiting growth of bacteria in the oral cavity, and the bacteria may be bacteria such as the Streptococcus genus and the Porphyromonas genus. Specifically, the bacteria may be selected from the group consisting of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus, and Porphyromonas gingivalis.

In the present invention, the term “effective amount” or “comprising as an active ingredient” means an amount of extracts capable of exhibiting a whitening effect, promoting regeneration of damaged skin, reducing wrinkles, inhibiting inflammation, exhibiting a moisturizing effect, inhibiting or alleviating cell oxidation, or exhibiting a broad antibacterial effect against various bacteria. When the composition of the present invention comprises an effective amount of the plant extracts, the composition may have a skin whitening effect, a skin regeneration effect, an elasticity improvement effect, an anti-wrinkle effect, an anti-inflammatory effect, a skin soothing effect, a moisturizing effect, an anti-oxidative effect, and an antibacterial effect.

In a cosmetic composition, a pharmaceutical composition, a skin external preparation, or a food composition according to the present invention, based on a total weight of the cosmetic composition, the pharmaceutical composition, the skin external preparation, or the food composition, the plant extracts are preferably comprised in an amount of 0.0001 to 10 parts by weight.

The present invention provides a cosmetic composition for skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, wrinkle suppression, inflammation suppression, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, oxidation inhibition, and/or bacterial inhibition comprising the plant extracts as active ingredients,

When the composition is used as a cosmetic composition, the composition may be prepared in the form of a general emulsified or solubilized formulation. For example, the composition may be formulated as skin tonics such as softening skin tonics or nourishing skin tonics; emulsions such as facial lotions or body lotions; creams such as nourishing creams, moisturizing creams, and eye creams; essences; makeup ointments; sprays; gels; packs; sunscreens; makeup bases; foundations such as liquid-type foundations, solid-type foundations, and spray-type foundations; powders; makeup removers such as cleansing creams, cleansing lotions, and cleansing oils; and detergents such as cleansing foams, soaps, and body washes.

In addition to the plant extracts, the cosmetic composition may comprise additives commonly used in the cosmetic field, such as fatty substances, organic solvents, solubilizers, thickeners, gelling agents, emollients, antioxidants, suspending agents, stabilizers, foaming agents, fragrances, surfactants, water, ionic emulsifiers, nonionic emulsifiers, fillers, sequestering agents, chelating agents, preservatives, vitamins, blocking agents, wetting agents, essential oils, dyes, pigments, hydrophilic active agents, lipophilic active agents, and lipid vesicles. The additives may comprise both natural additives and synthetic additives.

The natural additives refer to ingredients such as organic raw materials, plants and plant-derived raw materials, animals and animal-derived raw materials, minerals and mineral-derived raw materials, and water. For example, the natural additives comprise one or more additives selected from the group consisting of a moisturizer, a sunscreen, a neutralizer, a fragrance, a preservative, an antioxidant, a thickener, a viscosity modifier, a film former, and a colorant.

In the present invention, the natural additive may be obtained from a natural product, may be obtained by simply modifying a natural product or a component derived from a natural product, or may comprise a component synthesized from among components derived from nature, and excludes a synthetic component synthesized by an artificial method rather than a component derived from nature.

For example, the natural raw material may mean a cosmetic raw material derived from nature that conforms to organic standards and eco-friendly certification standards determined by the country.

The eco-friendly certification standard is a certification standard for a composition composed of ingredients grown and processed in an environment-friendly manner, excluding a synthetic process. Representative eco-friendly certifications include Ecocert in France, Cosmos in Europe, US Department of Agriculture (USDA) in the US, Association of German Industries and Trading Firms (BDIH) in Germany, and Japanese Association of Standard (JAS) in Japan, and the like. In response to the recent demands of consumers who prefer eco-friendly products, various eco-friendly certification systems are being implemented in each country to certify the safety of ingredients or products. In the category of environmental certification, each country shows partial differences in the detailed numerical values and ranges but shows unity in the primary composition of raw materials and ingredients. Natural ingredients derived from nature are included in the category of eco-friendly organic ingredients. Other semi-processed ingredients are classified into Physically Processed Agro Ingredient (PPAI) and Chemically Processed Agro Ingredient (CPAI), and only raw materials that meet these standards are certified by Ecocert, Cosmos, or USDA.

In the present invention, organic raw materials and eco-friendly certified raw materials and ingredients determined by the government refer to cosmetic raw materials and compositions composed only of ingredients that comply with the organic standards and eco-friendly certification standards set by the government. For example, organic and eco-certified raw materials and ingredients consist only of ingredients that comply with the standards set by the Chinese government or organic and eco-friendly certification standards recognized in China.

In the present invention, the synthetic additive refers to a raw material that has been chemically synthesized rather than naturally derived.

When the plant extracts are formulated as a cosmetic, wash-off type cosmetics such as a makeup remover and a cleanser, characterized in that active ingredients stays on the skin within a short period of time, may comprise a relatively high concentration of the plant extracts. On the other hand, leave-on type cosmetics such as lotions, emulsions, creams, and essences, characterized in that active ingredients stay on the skin for a long time, may comprise a lower concentration of the plant extracts than the wash-off type cosmetics, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In a specific example of the present invention, based on a total weight of the composition, the composition may comprise the plant extracts in an amount of 0.0001 parts by weight to 10 parts by weight, preferably 0.0001 parts by weight to 5 parts by weight. When the composition of the present invention comprise the plant extracts in an amount less than 0.0001 parts by weight, it is difficult to sufficiently express a skin whitening, a skin regeneration effect, an elasticity improvement effect, an anti-wrinkle effect, an anti-inflammatory effect, a skin soothing effect, a skin moisturizing effect, an antioxidative effect, and/or an antibacterial effect. When the composition comprise the plant extracts in an amount exceeding 10 parts by weight, unwanted reaction such as allergies may occur, or problems related with skin safety may occur.

Preferably, each component comprised in the cosmetic composition according to the present invention may be comprised in the cosmetic composition of the present invention within a range that does not exceed the maximum amount stipulated in the “Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics” set by the Chinese government.

In addition, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, wrinkle suppression, inflammation suppression, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, oxidation inhibition, and/or bacterial inhibition comprising the plant extracts as active ingredients.

In the present invention, “pharmaceutical composition” may be used as a concept comprising the meaning of “quasi-drugs” or “drugs”.

In comprising embodiment, skin lightening may refer to prevention or treatment of skin hyperpigmentation, inflammation suppression or moisturizing may mean prevention or treatment of dry skin diseases comprising atopic dermatitis or psoriasis, and antioxidation may mean removal of reactive oxygen species.

The pharmaceutical composition may be prepared as a solution using an oil or aqueous medium as a solvent, may be prepared in the form of a suspension or emulsion, or may be prepared in the form of extracts, powder, granules, tablets, or capsules.

In addition, the composition may further comprise one or more active ingredients exhibiting the same or similar function. For example, the composition may comprisie known skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, anti-wrinkle, anti-inflammatory, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, antioxidant, and/or antibacterial ingredients. When the composition further comprise skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, anti-wrinkle, anti-inflammatory, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, antioxidant, and/or antibacterial ingredients, in the composition of the present invention, a skin whitening effect, a skin regeneration effect, an elasticity improvement effect, an anti-wrinkle effect, an anti-inflammatory effect, a skin soothing effect, a skin moisturizing effect, an antioxidative effect, and/or an antibacterial effect may be further improved. When adding the above ingredients, skin safety according to combined use, ease of formulation, and stability of active ingredients may be considered. in a specific example of the present invention, as skin whitening ingredients known in the art, the composition may further comprise one or more components selected from the group consisting of substances that inhibit tyrosinase enzyme activity, such as kojic acid and arbutin; hydroquinone, vitamin-C, and derivatives thereof; and various plant extracts. The additional components may be comprised in an amount of 0.0001 to 10 parts by weight based on a total weight of the composition. In this case, the content range may be adjusted according to requirements such as skin safety and ease of formulation of the plant extracts.

In addition, the composition of the present invention may further comprise pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.

The pharmaceutically acceptable carrier may contain various ingredients such as buffers, sterile water for injection, normal saline or phosphate buffered saline, sucrose, histidine, salts, and polysorbates.

The composition of the present invention may be administered via an oral or parenteral route. The composition may be administered in the form of a general pharmaceutical preparation. For example, in clinical administration, the composition may be administered in various oral and parenteral formulations. When the composition is formulated, the composition may be prepared using general diluents or excipients such as fillers, extenders, binders, wetting agents, disintegrants, and surfactants.

Solid preparations for oral administration comprise tablets, pills, powders, granules, capsules, and the like. The solid preparation may be prepared by mixing one or more excipients selected from starch, calcium carbonate, sucrose or lactose, and gelatin with the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention.

In addition to simple excipients, lubricants such as magnesium stearate talc are also used. Liquid formulations for oral administration comprise suspensions, oral solutions, emulsions, syrups, and the like. In addition to water and liquid paraffin, which are commonly used simple diluents, various excipients, for example, wetting agents, sweetening agents, fragrances, preservatives, and the like may be comprised.

Formulations for parenteral administration comprise sterile aqueous solutions, non-aqueous solutions, suspensions, emulsions, freeze-dried preparations, and suppositories. The non-aqueous solutions and the suspensions may comprise propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, vegetable oils such as olive oil, and injectable esters such as ethyl oleate. As the bases of the suppositories, witepsol, macrogol, tween 61, cacao butter, laurin butter, glycerogelatin, and the like may be used.

The effective amount of the plant extracts comprised in the composition of the present invention may vary depending on formulation of the composition, a method of applying the compound to the skin, and a length of time the compound stays on the skin. For example, when the composition is formulated into a pharmaceutical formulation, the composition may comprise a higher concentration of the plant extracts than when formulated as a cosmetic that is routinely applied to the skin. Accordingly, based on the amount of the plant extracts, a daily dose may be 0.1 to 100 mg/kg, preferably 30 to 80 mg/kg, more preferably 50 to 60 mg/kg, and the pharmaceutical formulation may be administered at a frequency of 1 to 6 administrations per day.

The composition of the present invention may be used alone or in combination with surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, and methods using biological response modifiers.

In addition, the composition for skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, wrinkle suppression, inflammation suppression, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, oxidation inhibition, and/or bacterial inhibition comprising the plant extracts of the present invention as active ingredients may be provided as a quasi-drug.

In the present invention, the “quasi-drug” comprises the plant extracts as active ingredients. In addition, when necessary, the “quasi-drug” may comprise a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, an excipient, or a diluent. As long as the effect of the present invention is not hindered, the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient, or diluent may be used without particular limitation. For example, a tiller, an extender, a binder, a wetting agent, a disintegrant, a surfactant, a lubricant, a sweetening agent, a perfuming agent, or a preservative may be comprised, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

For example, the quasi-drug may be a disinfectant cleaner, a shower foam, an ointment, a wet tissue, a coating agent, and the like. The quasi-drug is preferably prepared as a semi-solid preparation such as an ointment for external use and a lotion, without being limited thereto. A method of formulating the quasi-drug, a method of using the same, and the dose and components thereof may be appropriately selected from conventional techniques known in the art.

In addition, the present invention provides a skin external preparation for skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, wrinkle suppression, inflammation suppression, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, oxidation inhibition, and/or bacterial inhibition comprising the plant extracts as active ingredients.

When the plant extracts are used as a skin external preparation, the skin external preparation may further comprise fatty substances, organic solvents, solubilizers, thickening and gelling agents, emollients, antioxidants, suspending agents, stabilizers, foaming agents, fragrances, surfactants, water, ionic or non-ionic emulsifiers, fillers, sequestering agents and chelates agents, preservatives, vitamins, blockers, humectants, essential oils, dyes, pigments, hydrophilic or lipophilic active agents, lipid vesicles, or supplements commonly used for external preparations for skin in the field of dermatology. In addition, the above ingredients may be introduced in an amount generally used in the field of dermatology.

When the plant extracts are provided as a skin external preparation, the skin external preparation may be prepared in the form of an ointment, a patch, a gel, a cream, or a spray, without being limited thereto.

In addition, the present invention relates to a food composition for skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, wrinkle suppression, inflammation suppression, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, oxidation inhibition, and/or bacterial inhibition comprising the plant extracts.

When the plant extracts of the present invention are provided as a food composition, the composition may comprise food supplements in addition to active ingredients.

The food supplement means a component added to preserve food and is added to manufacture health functional food of each formulation. The food supplements may be appropriately selected and used by those skilled in the art. For example, the food supplements comprise various nutrients, vitamins, minerals (electrolytes), flavoring agents such as synthetic flavoring agents and natural flavoring agents, staining agents and fillers, pectic acid and salts thereof, alginic acid and salts thereof, organic acids, protective colloidal thickeners, pH regulators, stabilizers, preservatives, glycerin, alcohols, carbonating agent used in carbonated beverages, and the like, without being limited thereto.

in addition, the food composition may comprise a health functional food. In the present invention, the “health functional food” refers to a food group that allows the function of a food to be expressed to meet a specific purpose using a physical, biochemical, or bioengineering method, or a food designed and processed to sufficiently express body control functions related to biological defense rhythm control, disease prevention, and health recovery of the food composition. The health functional food has an active health maintenance or promotion effect compared to general food, and a health supplement food refers to a food intended for health supplement. In some cases, the terms functional food, health food, and dietary supplement are used interchangeably.

Specifically, the health functional food is a food prepared by adding the plant extracts of the present invention to food materials such as beverages, teas, spices, gum, and confectionery, or a food prepared by encapsulating, powdering, or suspension of the plant extracts of the present invention. When the health functional food is ingested, a specific health effect may be obtained. In particular, unlike general drugs, since the health functional food uses food as a raw material, there is an advantage in that there are no side effects that may occur when taking drugs for a long time.

The food may comprise food scientifically acceptable food supplement additives, and may further comprise carriers, excipients and diluents commonly used in manufacture of health functional foods.

Since the composition is commonly used in food compositions, the composition may comprise additional ingredients capable of improving odor, taste, visual, and the like. For example, the composition may comprise vitamins A, C, D, E, B1, B2, B6, and B12, niacin, biotin, folate, panthotenic acid, and the like. In addition, the composition may comprise minerals such as zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), calcium (Ca), chromium (Cr), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), and chromium (Cr), In addition, the composition may comprise amino acids such as lysine, tryptophan, cysteine, and valine. The health functional food of the present invention may be prepared in various forms without any particular limitation, may comprise all foods in a conventional sense, and may be used interchangeably with terms known in the art, such as functional food.

In addition, according to selection of those skilled in the art, the health functional food of the present invention may be prepared by mixing other auxiliary ingredients that may be comprised in food and known additives. Examples of foods to which the health functional food of the present invention may be added comprise meat, sausage, bread, chocolate, candy, snacks, confectionery, pizza, ramen, other noodles, gums, dairy products comprising ice cream, various soups, beverages, tea, drinks, alcoholic beverages, and vitamin complexes. The health functional food may be added to juice, tea, jelly, and juice prepared by using the plant extracts of the present invention as a main component. In addition, the health functional food may be added to animal feed.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. However, the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention, and the content of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention PREPARATION EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of Plant Extracts

A 70% aqueous ethanol solution was added to the whole plant, roots, sterns, leaves, fruits, flowers, shoots, branches, bark, sap, bulbils, or seeds of each of plants 1 to 112. At this time, the 70% aqueous ethanol solution was added in a volume corresponding to 20 times the mass of each plant tissue. Then, extraction was performed at room temperature for 3 days, and then filtration under reduced pressure was performed. Then, the filtered extracts were concentrated and dried using a rotary evaporator (Buchi, Switzerland) to prepare plant extracts.

EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE 1 Effect of Reducing Total Amount of Melanin

After a sample was added to the culture medium of B-16 mouse melanoma cells, a whitening effect was confirmed by measuring the total amount of melanin at the cellular level (Lotan R., Lotan D. Cancer Res. 40:3345-3350, 1980), Before the experiment, toxicity evaluation was performed on mouse melanoma cells to select a concentration without toxicity, and then whitening evaluation was performed at the concentration.

The sample was added to the culture medium so that the final concentration is the treatment concentration shown in the table below. As a control, arbutin was added to the culture medium at a concentration of 200 ppm. B-16 melanoma cells treated with the sample or arbutin were cultured for 3 days.

Thereafter, the cells were removed from a culture vessel and centrifuged, 1 ml of sodium hydroxide solution (1N concentration) was added to the centrifuged cell pellet, heating was performed at 80° C. for 10 minutes to dissolve melanin, and using a spectrophotometer, absorbance at 400 nm was measured to measure the amount of melanin produced.

The amount of melanin was determined according to absorbance per unit cell number (1×10⁶ cells). In addition, based on a non-addition control group, the relative total amount of melanin in the experimental group treated with each sample was calculated as inhibition rate (%), and the results are summarized in the table below.

EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE 2 Effect of Promoting Synthesis of Type I Collagen in Human-Derived Fibroblasts

Each sample was added to the culture medium of human-derived fibroblasts to confirm the effect of promoting synthesis of type I collagen at the cellular level. Measurement of synthesized collagen was quantified using a Procollagen Type I C-Peptide Enzyme Immuno Assay KIT (PICP ETA kit). To measure the amount of synthesized collagen, each sample was added to a fibroblast culture medium (DMEM culture medium). After cell culture for 48 hours, the culture medium was taken, and the degree of synthesis of type I collagen at each concentration was measured at 450 nm using a spectrophotometer using the PICP ETA kit.

For comparison of the effects, a collagen synthesis level was measured in the same manner for the culture medium of untreated fibroblasts (negative control) and a sample (positive control) to which TGFb was added to a final concentration of 10 ppb. A collagen production increase rate was calculated as the ratio of relative collagen production to the negative control group, and the results are shown in the table below.

EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE 3 NO Generation Inhibitory Effect

To check the anti-inflammatory effect and skin trouble alleviation effect of each sample, an experiment was conducted to evaluate inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) formation by the GRIESS method using the RAW264.7 cell line (ATCC number: CRL-2278).

Specifically, RAW264.7 cells, which are macrophages of mice, were subcultured several times, and the cells were seeded at a cell density of 3×10⁵ cells per well in a 24-well plate, followed by cell culture for 24 hours. Then, the final concentration was replaced with the diluted cell medium as shown in the table below. At this time, as a positive control, the cells were treated with L-NG-monomethylarginine (L-NMMA), a NO-production inhibitor, to a final concentration of 5 ppm and cultured for 30 minutes. Then, the cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a stimulus at a concentration of 1 μg/ml and cultured for 24 hours. 100 μl of the supernatant was transferred to a 96-well plate, 100 μl of a GRIESS solution was added thereto, and then reaction was performed at room temperature for 10 minutes. Then, absorbance at 540 tun was measured, and the NO inhibitory effect of each sample was determined based on the absorbance, and the results are shown in the table below

EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE 4 Evaluation of Hyaluronic Acid Synthesis Enhancement

Human-derived fibroblasts (human dermal fibroblasts) cultured in a DMEM culture medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum at a cell density of 1×10⁵ cells/mL, and 500 μl of the cell culture medium was added to each well of a 24-well plate. After incubation for 18 hours, the samples were diluted with a DMEM culture medium without fetal bovine serum, and each sample was added at the following concentrations. As a positive control, epidermal growth factor (EGF), which is known to promote hyaluronic acid production, was added at a concentration of 10 ppb. After incubation for 24 hours, the cell culture medium was recovered, and the concentration of hyaluronic acid was measured using a Hyaluronan ELISA kit (R&D Systems).

In addition, based on the hyaluronic acid concentration (100%) of a non-addition control group, the hyaluronic acid concentrations of the experimental groups treated with each sample were quantified, and the results are shown in the following table.

EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE 5 Antioxidant Effect—Free Radical Scavenging Rate

To confirm antioxidant activity, free radical scavenging activity was measured using DPPH. DPPH was purchased from Sigma Co., Ltd. (USA). First, a standard DPPH ethanol solution with a concentration of 1.5 mM (0.06 mg/ml) was prepared. Then, ethanol was added to each extract and ascorbic acid as a reference material, which is known as an antioxidant, to prepare samples at a concentration of 0.1%, and serial dilution was performed. Then, the sample and the standard DPPH solution were added in the same ratio and stirred, followed by reaction at 37° C. for 30 minutes. Then, absorbance was measured at 517 nm. At this time, addition of ethanol instead of the sample was used as a control. Free radical scavenging ability was measured by calculating IC50, which is half maximal inhibitory concentration, and the results are shown in the following table. IC50 is a general method of expressing free radical scavenging ability as the concentration of ascorbic acid and extract required to remove 50% of free radicals of a non-addition control group.

EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE 6 Antibacterial Effect—Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) Measurement Method

MICs were measured for fermented cultures of Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus niger.

MIC measurement for Staphylococcus aureus was performed using Mueller Hinton broth, an optimal culture medium, at a bacterial concentration of 10⁶ CFU/mL at 37° C. for 24 hours. MIC measurement for Aspergillus niger was performed using potato dextrose broth at a bacterial concentration of 10⁵ CFU/mL at 30° C. for 48 hours. The serial dilution method was used for both bacteria, and the MIC of fermentation culture was confirmed by visually comparing the turbidity between wells after the incubation was completed.

The minimum inhibitory concentration of each extract was expressed as % (w/v), and MIC (%) in each table means % (w/v) unless otherwise stated.

EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE 7 Antibacterial Effect Against Bacteria Causing Dental Caries and Periodontitis

Antibacterial activity experiment was performed to confirm the preventive or therapeutic effect on dental caries and periodontitis of each sample. To confirm the effect of inhibiting the growth of oral pathogens, an antibacterial activity test was conducted by using the paper disc test method using Streptococcus mutans, a representative bacterium that causes dental caries, and Porphyromonas gingivalis, a representative bacterium that causes periodontal diseases.

After increasing the activity of each oral pathogen under the optimal culture conditions shown in the table below, each pathogen was cultured in an optimal medium for about 4 to 6 hours so that the turbidity of the culture medium was set to Macfarland turbidity No. 0.5 (1.5×10⁸), and then 0.1 ml of each oral pathogen was spread evenly on a plate medium. Thereafter, each sample was added at a concentration of 10 mg/disc and left for 1 hour for absorption drying. Then, each oral pathogen was cultured at the optimum temperature for 24 to 48 hours, and then the size (diameter, mm) of a growth inhibition ring was measured.

TABLE 1 Strain Optimum conditions Gram Culture staining Strain name Temperature medium Traits Gram (+) Streptococcus 37° C. BHI Facultative mutans anaerobic Gram (−) Porphyromonas 37° C. TSA Hemin Anaerobic gingivalis Menadione medium

EXAMPLE 1 Island Thistle

TABLE 2 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) Anti- Size of growth Size of growth Conc. English oxidation Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name name IC50 (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 1 Island thistle Cirsium nipponicum Island thistle (Maxim) Makino Comparative Thistle 50 Cirsium Japonicum 4.23 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2 8.5 8.1 Example MIC (%) Fungi: 2 1-1 Whole plant 2 0.88 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 21.9 15.1 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 50 1-2 Roots 2 0.96 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 13.9 19.5 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 50 1-3 Stems 2 0.77 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 24.1 16.1 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 50 1-4 Leaves 2 0.64 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 27.8 17.9 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 50 1-5 Fruits 2 0.13 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 22.8 19.0 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 50 1-6 Flowers 2 0.97 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 11.1 8.4 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625 50

TABLE 3 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) Anti- Size of growth Size of growth oxidation Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name IC50 (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 1 Island thistle Cirsium nipponicum Island thistle (Maxim.) Makino Comparative Thistle Cirsium Japonicum 4.23 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2 8.5 8.1 Example MIC (%) Fungi: 2 1-1 Whole plant 0.88 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 21.9 15.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 1-2 Roots 0.96 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 13.9 19.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 1-3 Stems 0.77 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 24.1 16.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 1-4 Leaves 0.64 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 27.8 17.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 1-5 Fruits 0.13 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 22.8 19.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 1-6 Flowers 0.97 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 11.1 8.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625

EXAMPLE 2 Deodeok

TABLE 4 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Moisturizing Conc. English Melanin Collagen synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin (200 ppm) TGFb (10 ppb) L-NMMA (5 ppm) EGF (10 ppb) group 35% 25% 28% 320% 2 Deodeok Codonopsis Deodeok lanceolata Comparative Pilose 50 Codonopsis 98.81 2.34 2.64 10.34 Example asiabell Pilosula 2-1 Whole 2 36.56 15.55 25.86 376.57 plant 10 33.66 25.01 32.54 498.43 50 25.39 39.40 34.86 654.56 2-2 Roots 2 47.81 11.58 10.16 10.77 10 41.70 14.34 13.68 59.86 50 31.62 15.96 14.78 66.59 2-3 Stems 2 37.26 14.59 25.93 380.41 10 32.92 29.14 29.48 483.35 50 23.76 35.25 34.03 629.94 2-4 Leaves 2 35.40 19.24 26.68 298.83 10 27.43 29.68 27.53 557.21 50 22.63 35.74 35.11 763.79 2-5 Fruits 2 39.94 12.90 21.47 213.22 10 29.09 28.83 32.19 512.23 50 24.11 35.27 35.73 763.76 2-6 Flowers 2 34.37 13.44 20.36 287.30 10 27.81 20.40 31.74 557.13 50 20.01 30.11 38.08 642.15

TABLE 5 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) Size of growth Size of growth English Anti-oxidation Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name name IC50 (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 2 Deodeok Codonopsis lanceolata Deodeok Comparative Pilose Codonopsis Pilosula 6.78 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2 11.1 13.2 Example asiabell MIC (%) Fungi: 2 2-1 Whole 0.84 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 16.2 17.7 plant MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 2-2 Roots 1.34 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 23.3 25.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 2-3 Stems 0.74 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 13.4 22.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625 2-4 Leaves 0.47 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 10.6 13.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 2-5 Fruits 0.99 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 14.3 8.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 2-6 Flowers 0.85 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 21.6 21.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 3 Ulleung Goldenrod

TABLE 6 Anti- Anti-wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Conc. English Melanin synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name name content (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control Arbutin (200 ppm) TGFb (10 ppb) L-NMMA (5 ppm) EGF (10 ppb) group 35% 25% 28% 320% 3 Ulleung Solidago Ulleung goldenrod virgaurea subsp. goldenrod Gigantea Comparative Canadian 50 Solidago 61.25 10.02 2.68 52.64 Example1 goldenrod Canadensis Comparative European 50 Solidago 45.27 8.11 10.77 150.44 Example2 goldenrod virgaurea var. (Whole plant) leiocarpa 3-1 Whole 2 34.61 10.91 20.78 207.09 plant 10 32.89 20.92 30.81 595.19 50 23.81 37.93 36.47 722.54 3-2 Roots 2 37.54 18.92 25.58 276.27 10 28.83 28.31 29.70 503.07 50 22.82 33.63 34.58 645.75 3-3 Stems 2 34.86 11.15 26.42 275.04 10 33.33 26.25 30.85 425.87 50 25.32 37.04 36.02 697.23 3-4 Leaves 2 39.29 11.33 23.72 394.14 10 27.03 24.44 28.91 544.89 50 21.20 34.94 38.52 797.78 3-5 Fruits 2 37.20 11.05 25.04 200.97 10 32.63 24.53 28.92 580.65 50 20.88 35.86 35.27 665.67 3-6 Flowers 2 39.98 11.13 23.18 334.25 10 29.18 24.37 33.37 481.45 50 24.68 36.84 38.81 777.36

TABLE 7 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) Anti- Size of growth Size of growth Conc. English oxidation Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name name IC50 (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 3 Ulleung Solidago virgaurea Ulleung goldenrod subsp. Gigantea goldenrod Comparative Canadian 50 Solidago Canadensis 2.45 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 15.1 11.8 Example1 goldenrod MIC (%) Fungi: 1 Comparative European 50 Solidago virgaurea 2.11 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 11.8 8.7 Example2 goldenrod var. leiocarpa (Whole plant) MIC (%) Fungi: 1 3-1 Whole 2 0.48 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 22.5 19.0 plant 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 50 3-2 Roots 2 0.58 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 25.0 19.4 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 50 3-3 Stems 2 0.88 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 10.3 9.4 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 50 3-4 Leaves 2 0.96 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 15.7 16.7 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 50 3-5 Fruits 2 0.85 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 9.3 10.4 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 50 3-6 Flowers 2 0.87 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 24.7 24.6 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 50

EXAMPLE 5 Ulleungdo Aster

TABLE 8 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Moisturizing Conc. English Melanin Collagen synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin (200 ppm) TGFb (10 ppb) L-NMMA (5 ppm) EGF (10 ppb) group 35% 25% 28% 320% 5 Ulleungdo Aster glehnii Ulleungdo aster aster Comparative Ulleungdo 50 Aster glehnii 62.23 10.42 15.02 100.64 Example aster (other area) Comparative Aster 50 Aster Yomena 80.76 4.98 5.25 34.82 Example 5-1 Whole 2 37.51 17.34 25.80 205.45 plant 10 33.86 20.38 32.44 491.79 50 24.66 33.77 35.69 707.09 5-2 Roots 2 34.29 11.39 25.14 259.24 10 28.36 20.40 33.28 593.29 50 21.69 38.01 34.59 789.90 5-3 Stems 2 37.98 15.13 26.97 270.31 10 30.32 28.50 27.89 595.08 50 26.82 38.84 37.02 641.95 5-4 Leaves 2 35.03 11.77 25.97 284.00 10 32.94 23.15 30.73 590.13 50 26.26 34.57 34.14 635.28 5-5 Fruits 2 36.86 10.66 24.47 367.08 10 28.05 29.31 31.71 445.51 50 20.93 37.37 39.03 706.53 5-6 Flowers 2 39.75 18.42 25.85 345.91 10 30.29 27.07 27.96 437.49 50 20.43 39.22 36.45 724.41 5-7 Shoots 2 38.47 12.97 25.43 210.57 10 33.77 24.93 33.53 424.05 50 22.20 31.37 36.67 696.15

TABLE 9 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) Anti- Size of growth Size of growth English oxidation Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name name IC50 (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 5 Ulleungdo Aster glehnii Ulleungdo aster aster Comparative Ulleungdo Aster glehnii 2.52 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 16.7 16.0 Example aster (other area) MIC (%) Fungi: 1 Comparative Aster Aster Yomena 3.93 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2 13.1 19.0 Example MIC (%) Fungi: >2 5-1 Whole 0.12 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 22.6 27.5 plant MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 5-2 Roots 0.02 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 27.8 20.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 5-3 Stems 0.50 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 15.9 13.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 5-4 Leaves 0.52 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 13.1 13.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 5-5 Fruits 0.54 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 11.9 14.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 5-6 Flowers 0.69 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 8.7 9.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 5-7 Shoots 0.78 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 23.3 17.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 1

EXAMPLE 6 Myeongyi

TABLE 10 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin Collagen synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 6 Myeongyi Allium victorialis Myeongyi Comparative Garlic 50 Allium Sativum 77.95 14.24  3.05  73.76 Example 6-1 Whole plant 2 38.45 10.95 20.51 388.28 10 28.60 20.61 27.05 582.69 50 23.93 34.76 38.02 623.48 6-2 Roots 2 35.97 17.15 26.52 400.58 10 33.95 21.18 33.24 507.00 50 26.51 31.11 37.38 660.75 6-3 Stems 2 39.12 10.26 26.27 209.64 10 28.79 28.91 31.09 559.99 50 25.94 33.37 35.71 702.71 6-4 Leaves 2 36.64 17.53 23.66 219.80 10 33.92 25.20 31.66 543.26 50 25.64 30.77 35.10 626.32 6-5 Fruits 2 39.58 18.69 25.04 255.24 10 30.50 20.97 30.88 595.46 50 23.75 36.64 35.69 659.26 6-6 Flowers 2 34.07 13.61 22.05 296.84 10 30.33 27.69 31.21 419.24 50 26.90 36.98 37.68 689.02

TABLE 11 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 6 Myeongyi Allium victorialis Myeongyi Comparative Garlic Allium Sativum 3.52 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2 11.1 12.9 Example MIC (%) Fungi: 1 6-1 Whole plant 0.73 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 14.9 19.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 6-2 Roots 0.27 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 12.8 13.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 6-3 Stems 0.18 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 10.0 14.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 6-4 Leaves 0.36 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 16.8 14.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 6-5 Fruits 0.27 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 21.3 24.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 6-6 Flowers 0.44 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 12.5 16.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25

EXAMPLE 7 Aging Chive

TABLE 12 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizng Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 7 Aging chive Allium senescens Aging chive Comparative Chive 50 Allium Tuberosum 52.06 15.42  7.68  79.87 Example 7-1 Whole plant 2 38.07 16.08 24.27 379.52 10 28.44 27.62 27.63 501.87 50 23.58 30.75 34.13 642.80 7-2 Roots 2 34.62 15.86 21.97 226.89 10 30.32 21.09 30.44 424.33 50 26.68 32.52 36.80 703.68 7-4 Leaves 2 35.78 11.69 31.38 181.63 10 28.40 15.26 41.36 274.64 50 25.55 19.15 56.99 487.67 7-5 Fruits 2 37.02 16.53 22.76 236.69 10 27.93 28.95 32.32 473.43 50 22.03 33.68 38.05 723.11 7-6 Flowers 2 27.84 13.05 21.47 300.18 10 18.26 20.55 31.58 514.97 50 12.01 36.51 39.51 800.56

TABLE 13 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 7 Aging chive Allium senescens Aging chive Comparative Chive Allium Tuberosum 2.74 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 9.6 8.9 Example MIC (%) Fungi: 2 7-1 Whole plant 0.20 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 19.6 22.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 7-2 Roots 0.37 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 9.1 8.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 7-4 Leaves 0.51 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 22.1 22.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 7-5 Fruits 0.34 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0,5 10.6 8.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 7-6 Flowers 0.07 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13 14.9 19.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.06

EXAMPLE 8 Silvery Mountain Ash

TABLE 14 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 8 Silvery mountain Sorbus commixta Silvery mountain ash ash Comparative Wild pear tree 50 Sorbus alnifolia 61.11  9.55  4.08  95.25 Example Comparative Silvery mountain 50 Sorbus commixta 49.03 16.63 10.63 268.61 Example ash (other area) 8-1 Whole plant 2 36.68 10.84 25.91 274.89 10 27.35 26.63 27.92 438.35 50 25.28 33.84 38.79 643.28 8-2 Roots 2 37.44 17.33 24.72 269.07 10 28.07 22.13 30.59 441.39 50 20.83 31.53 37.60 733.14 8-3 Bark 2 38.20 13.91 22.84 253.50 10 31.60 27.09 32.36 494.36 50 21.43 34.05 37.10 671.99 8-4 Leaves 2 39.72 10.26 24.92 400.91 10 29.63 22.21 33.55 424.09 50 25.41 34.91 36.93 691.17 8-5 Fruits 2 37.10 14.75 26.59 256.05 10 32.15 23.88 27.51 527.60 50 23.86 32.74 37.12 686.07 8-6 Flowers 2 39.86 13.29 25.14 235.83 10 28.03 29.53 28.17 427.91 50 20.48 34.30 37.28 796.52 8-7 Branches 2 38.43 15.83 25.15 244.29 10 28.89 28.37 30.50 578.10 50 23.06 35.87 37.94 764.41

TABLE 15 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 8 Silvery mountain Sorbus commixta Silvery ash mountain ash Comparative Wild pear tree Sorbus alnifolia 3.87 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2 0.0 0.0 Example MIC (%) Fungi: >2 Comparative Silvery mountain Sorbus commixta 1.06 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 10.6 8.8 Example ash (other area) MIC (%) Fungi: 1 8-1 Whole plant 0.11 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 21.8 18.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 8-2 Roots 0.14 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 9.0 11.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.13 8-3 Bark 0.30 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13 21.8 21.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 8-4 Leaves 0.73 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 24.4 16.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.13 8-5 Fruits 0.70 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 26.3 27.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 8-6 Flowers 0.86 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13 17.1 20.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.06 8-7 Branches 0.29 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 25.2 21.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25

EXAMPLE 10 Wild Chervil

TABLE 16 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 10 Wild chervil Anthriscus sylvestris Wild chervil Comparative Chervil 50 Anthriscus Cerefolium 65.80  5.45  6.44  45.59 Example 10-1 Whole plant 2 37.81 17.65 23.37 394.44 10 27.02 21.45 27.51 553.58 50 23.67 34.67 35.97 632.62 10-2 Roots 2 31.87 11.64 22.77 241.74 10 27.06 22.16 33.74 402.96 50 21.94 39.19 35.10 644.03 10-3 Stems 2 34.76 18.48 26.38 399.00 10 30.08 28.90 28.71 600.83 50 22.10 38.32 37.78 613.72 10-4 Leaves 2 37.30 11.84 25.46 380.25 10 28.82 29.39 28.65 523.39 50 28.89 37.22 34.90 723.91 10-5 Fruits 2 34.52 12.18 23.94 360.97 10 29.50 28.36 30.47 409.65 50 23.11 31.53 39.49 718.16 10-6 Flowers 2 39.02 12.16 25.41 334.85 10 28.90 26.24 31.70 415.00 50 26.56 35.25 38.01 725.14

TABLE 17 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 10 Wild chervil Anthriscus Wild chervil sylvestris Comparative Chervil Anthriscus 3.96 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 2 9.5 8.1 Example Cerefolium 10-1 Whole plant 0.46 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.25 20.4 18.9 10-2 Roots 0.88 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1 13.5 14.6 10-3 Stems 0.77 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5 27.9 25.6 10-4 Leaves 0.14 MIC (%) Bacteria; 0.5, Fungi: 0.125 26.4 22.8 10-5 Fruits 0.21 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5 8.1 13.5 10-6 Flowers 0.14 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5 11.7 14.6

EXAMPLE 11 Giant Knotweed

TABLE 18 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 11 Giant Knotweed Fallopia sachalinensis Giant Knotweed 11-1 Whole plant 2 59.68 11.66 21.01 387.34 10 31.07 21.49 28.05 428.82 50 24.89 37.23 36.38 650.06 11-2 Roots 2 37.83 10.41 15.84 214.49 10 29.15 21.60 26.64 530.09 50 26.87 32.10 28.28 639.00 11-3 Stems 2 36.28 17.19 22.76 279.70 10 27.78 22.50 29.33 505.63 50 24.85 34.45 38.58 678.94 11-4 Leaves 2 34.94 18.84 17.72 341.25 10 30.33 20.37 27.18 576.23 50 25.03 32.53 30.71 668.77 11-5 Fruits 2 36.97 18.82 15.32 254.31 10 29.51 21.90 26.35 484.44 50 25.87 33.63 30.42 800.32 11-6 Flowers 2 36.34 13.90 23.72 315.29 10 30.06 29.19 32.24 488.00 50 20.16 35.56 36.27 712.56

TABLE 19 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 11 Giant Knotweed Fallopia Giant sachalinensis Knotweed 11-1 Whole plant 0.46 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.25 14.4 12.2 11-2 Roots 0.98 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1 9.8 9.2 11-3 Stems 0.70 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5 12.3 11.3 11-4 Leaves 0.10 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.25 23.0 25.3 11-5 Fruits 0.74 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5 11.3 8.8 11-6 Flowers 0.53 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5 12.8 15.0

EXAMPLE 12 Mono Maple

TABLE 20 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 12 Mono maple Acer pictum Mono maple Comparative Maple 50 Acer Saccharum Sugar Maple 70.79  9.64  3.41  75.42 Example 12-1 Whole plant 2 35.24 13.80 26.11 243.88 10 27.75 21.80 33.43 550.99 50 25.33 31.77 37.13 643.20 12-2 Roots 2 35.39 17.80 26.93 215.59 10 29.91 29.57 31.84 423.71 50 23.03 35.14 39.54 755.21 12-3 Stems 2 38.18 19.84 25.31 367.01 10 30.15 22.37 33.55 485.49 50 26.78 34.90 37.67 620.17 12-4 Leaves 2 36.31 14.39 21.89 327.34 10 33.74 22.68 30.11 458.76 50 24.72 32.20 37.51 642.40 12-5 Fruits 2 38.27 14.80 24.19 279.00 10 28.81 22.96 32.62 557.16 50 22.25 38.03 38.01 671.92 12-6 Flowers 2 37.68 13.94 26.62 226.58 10 28.40 20.88 33.40 434.92 50 21.51 38.30 38.72 722.56 12-7 Sap 2 38.21 10.94 25.49 395.96 10 30.70 27.21 32.47 540.47 50 26.28 34.24 37.18 662.98

TABLE 21 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 12 Mono maple Acer pictum Mono maple Comparative Maple Acer Saccharum Sugar Maple 1.89 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2 10.3 8.9 Example MIC (%) Fungi: 2 12-1 Whole plant 0.53 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0,5 24.6 23.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 12-2 Roots 0.08 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 24.1 27.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 12-3 Stems 0.63 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 27.4 12.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 12-4 Leaves 0.34 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 23.1 27.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 12-5 Fruits 0.19 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 12.9 11.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 12-6 Flowers 0.31 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 23.1 12.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 12-7 Sap 0.40 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 24.4 26.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 13 Ulleungdo Ladyfern

TABLE 22 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 13 Ulleungdo Athyrium Ulleungdo ladyfern acutipinnulum ladyfern 13-1 Whole plant 2 35.20 10.14 23.14 361.62 10 28.32 23.20 29.45 563.53 50 26.99 31.14 34.98 639.02 13-2 Roots 2 38.10 16.81 25.76 366.29 10 30.22 20.33 28.06 526.26 50 20.81 35.25 35.77 698.90 13-3 Stems 2 38.42 18.18 23.02 242.99 10 33.26 26.68 30.38 512.00 50 21.47 34.54 39.37 726.00 13-4 Leaves 2 37.84 18.20 26.33 265.80 10 33.65 26.72 33.73 507.92 50 21.22 38.69 37.98 702.42

TABLE 23 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeiuginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 13 Ulleungdo Athyrium Ulleungdo ladyfern acutipinnulum ladyfern 13-1 Whole plant 0.92 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 18.4 18.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 13-2 Roots 0.82 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 13.2 15.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 13-3 Stems 0.85 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 13.2 14.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 13-4 Leaves 0.13 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 12.7 14.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25

EXAMPLE 14 Wild Wasabi

TABLE 24 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 14 Wild wasabi Wasabia japonica Wild wasabi 14-1 Whole plant 2 35.18 12.15 26.01 354.70 10 32.28 25.75 29.52 572.56 50 23.12 32.46 38.97 691.59 14-2 Roots 2 34.08 17.46 22.04 328.75 10 32.61 25.85 31.88 428.89 50 20.82 37.85 35.63 789.50 14-3 Stems 2 39.68 19.43 22.97 314.61 10 33.77 28.64 31.00 487.16 50 26.86 34.38 35.05 636.91 14-4 Leaves 2 34.12 18.73 24.89 265.98 10 30.48 29.53 32.04 575.39 50 26.31 31.22 34.50 759.63 14-5 Fruits 2 34.30 14.83 25.50 230.84 10 33.86 22.03 32.66 449.33 50 22.44 37.72 37.47 768.96 14-6 Flowers 2 37.74 14.83 24.21 266.20 10 27.39 22.03 31.29 499.43 50 21.64 37.72 37.27 765.75

TABLE 25 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 14 Wild Wasabia Wild wasabi japonica wasabi 14-1 Whole plant 0.89 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 18.8 8.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 14-2 Roots 0.27 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 12.8 14.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625 14-3 Stems 0.51 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 25.1 13.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 14-4 Leaves 0.96 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 27.9 21.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 14-5 Fruits 0.02 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 15.5 8.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 14-6 Flowers 0.29 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 16.0 12.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25

EXAMPLE 15 Yellow Mongolian Snakegourd

TABLE 26 Anti- Anti-wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 15 Yellow Trichosanthes Yellow Mongolian kirilowii Mongolian snakegourd snakegourd Compar- Snake 50 Trichosanthes Shake 66.95 4.44  2.14  53.86 ative gourd Cucumerina gourd Example Compar- Yellow 50 45.93 9.03 13.82 194.00 ative Mongolian Example snakegourd (other area) 15-1 Whole plant 2 35.80 17.08 22.73 267.84 10 30.80 21.87 29.58 511.44 50 23.06 35.88 37.35 638.89 15-2 Roots 2 36.13 11.89 26.42 360.15 10 31.31 26.10 29.76 408.58 50 25.67 33.81 37.26 607.40 15-3 Stems 2 35.44 10.74 22.17 275.00 10 32.51 20.34 27.22 452.01 50 20.11 36.15 36.19 643.27 15-4 Leaves 2 37.49 14.50 26.48 373.49 10 27.21 28.93 33.56 576.12 50 25.29 37.16 38.71 696.96 15-5 Fruits 2 34.58 19.98 21.13 245.22 10 33.69 29.38 31.64 547.50 50 22.01 39.65 36.13 741.23 15-6 Flowers 2 39.06 15.76 23.17 212.73 10 32.26 28.48 29.66 508.65 50 23.44 37.03 37.41 622.40

TABLE 27 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 15 Yellow Trichosanthes Yellow Mongolian kirilowii Mongolian snakegourd snakegourd Compar- Snake Trichosanthes Shake 3.24 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5,  8.9 9.6 ative gourd Cucumerina gourd Fungi: 1 Example Compar- Yellow 2.94 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, 12.1 11.8 ative Mongolian Fungi: 1 Example snakegourd (other area) 15-1 Whole plant 0.82 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, 19.0 18.9 Fungi: 0.125 15-2 Roots 0.32 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 12.1 13.1 Fungi: 0.125 15-3 Stems 0.51 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 21.5 10.8 Fungi: 0.5 15-4 Leaves 0.89 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 12.9 20.0 Fungi: 1 15-5 Fruits 0.23 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, 16.4 9.2 Fungi: 0.5 15-6 Flowers 0.48 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 24.3 24.5 Fungi: 0.25

EXAMPLE 16 Pungdo Solomon's Seal

TABLE 28 Anti- Anti-wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 16 Pungdo Polygonatum Pungdo solomon's odoratum solomon's seal seal Compar- Solomon's 50 Polygonatum 67.65 15.62  2.18  38.60 ative seal Officinale Example 16-1 Whole plant 2 37.85 16.85 20.23 322.89 10 28.02 25.19 28.22 583.88 50 24.42 38.61 37.58 700.87 16-2 Roots 2 38.18 15.81 20.55 264.71 10 33.87 15.14 24.42 326.80 50 31.39 27.59 27.62 493.86 16-3 Stems 2 35.94 18.27 23.63 211.64 10 31.14 25.63 30.87 555.83 50 20.29 33.29 37.47 792.53 16-4 Leaves 2 35.15 15.01 20.87 391.90 10 28.15 20.87 32.69 446.94 50 21.57 31.25 36.47 606.81 16-5 Fruits 2 36.65 10.37 26.18 237.45 10 29.90 28.16 30.74 537.46 50 20.10 35.81 36.98 609.72 16-6 Flowers 2 38.80 12.43 20.13 235.88 10 36.17 18.65 26.23 384.95 50 28.88 29.62 30.19 432.12

TABLE 29 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 16 Pungdo Polygonatum Pungdo solomon's odoratum solomon's seal seal Compar- Solomon's Polygonatum 2.55 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, 9.5 9.5 ative seal Officinale Fungi: >2 Example 16-1 Whole plant 0.05 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, 19.6 21.6 Fungi: 0.25 16-2 Roots 0.62 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, 9.8 10.2 Fungi: 0.5 16-3 Stems 0.08 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 17.0 14.6 Fungi: 0.25 16-4 Leaves 0.68 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, 19.3 25.7 Fungi: 0.5 16-5 Fruits 0.88 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, 9.2 9.8 Fungi: 0.25 16-6 Flowers 1.15 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, 12.3 11.5 Fungi: 0.25

EXAMPLE 17 Songak

TABLE 30 Anti- Anti-wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 17 Songak Hedera Songak rhombea Compar- Ivy 50 Hedera IVY 75.07 12.30  5.61  69.05 ative Helix Example 17-1 Whole plant 2 39.70 13.18 25.95 384.76 10 34.03 16.74 33.68 533.11 50 30.20 26.66 35.29 630.99 17-2 Roots 2 34.73 14.66 26.78 363.91 10 27.47 26.35 33.73 557.23 50 22.11 39.47 38.77 747.46 17-3 Stems 2 35.28 19.96 23.79 292.85 10 33.57 21.59 26.44 451.96 50 21.01 36.37 27.76 675.93 17-4 Leaves 2 37.81 10.90 20.04 327.85 10 27.26 23.01 24.58 453.75 50 21.00 34.21 28.03 652.23 17-5 Fruits 2 34.71 18.38 25.58 340.23 10 33.71 27.23 32.03 432.18 50 20.61 36.10 36.33 755.89 17-6 Flowers 2 39.56 10.48 25.40 295.11 10 32.14 27.90 31.89 547.33 50 22.92 37.56 36.88 756.04

TABLE 31 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 17 Songak Hedera Songak rhombea Compar- Ivy Hedera IVY 3.14 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2, 0.0 0.0 ative Helix Fungi: >2 Example 17-1 Whole plant 1.25 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 9.7 8.6 Fungi: 0.25 17-2 Roots 0.53 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, 8.7 8.7 Fungi: 0.5 17-3 Stems 1.42 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 7.2 10.6 Fungi: 0.25 17-4 Leaves 1.06 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, 12.2  12.7 Fungi: 0.5 17-5 Fruits 0.22 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 9.3 11.0 Fungi: 1 17-6 Flowers 0.95 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625, 8.2 9.9 Fungi:

EXAMPLE 18 Ulleungdo Sweet Violet

TABLE 32 Anti- Anti-wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 18 Ulleungdo Viola Ulleungdo sweet woosanensis sweet violet violet Compar- Violet 50 Viola 69.26  8.30  3.84  50.72 ative Mandshurica Example 18-1 Whole plant 2 34.87 10.56 26.39 212.88 10 33.86 24.79 28.63 508.12 50 24.44 34.91 38.68 749.46 18-2 Roots 2 37.62 18.59 24.06 323.53 10 31.95 20.58 27.71 568.50 50 24.77 38.02 38.25 721.49 18-3 Stems 2 35.35 18.71 26.57 390.60 10 30.90 29.76 32.70 547.48 50 22.54 31.26 38.74 742.86 18-4 Leaves 2 38.50 17.40 21.87 357.39 10 29.13 29.08 29.15 416.77 50 21.22 35.01 39.57 707.45 18-5 Fruits 2 39.87 10.46 23.24 365.58 10 28.73 26.11 29.69 505.28 50 22.21 38.83 34.40 611.69 18-6 Flowers 2 35.79 19.49 22.75 248.41 10 29.87 25.59 27.75 403.78 50 22.64 35.81 37.27 756.55

TABLE 33 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 18 Ulleungdo Viola Ulleungdo sweet woosanensis sweet violet violet Compar- Violet Viola 5.56 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, 11.5  9.3 ative Mandshurica Fungi: 2 Example 18-1 Whole plant 0.35 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 21.5 17.5 Fungi: 0.25 18-2 Roots 0.25 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 13.9 13.6 Fungi: 1 18-3 Stems 0.71 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, 21.5 14.9 Fungi: 0.5 18-4 Leaves 0.37 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, 13.6 24.0 Fungi: 0.25 18-5 Fruits 0.82 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, 18.2 14.1 Fungi: 0.5 18-6 Flowers 0.55 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 17.3 11.6 Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 19 Korean Bellflower

TABLE 34 Anti- Anti-wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 19 Korean Campanula Korean bellflower takesimana bellflower Compar- Bellflower 50 Campanula 57.17 10.93  2.02  81.77 ative punctata Example 19-1 Whole plant 2 36.28 14.05 24.36 372.27 10 29.14 27.50 32.48 566.92 50 20.91 33.70 37.44 671.09 19-2 Roots 2 38.31 18.87 24.89 298.71 10 28.06 26.72 29.80 413.73 50 24.92 38.86 39.07 715.15 19-3 Stems 2 39.06 14.19 25.57 373.82 10 28.25 23.81 33.04 403.43 50 23.95 31.38 36.25 758.71 19-4 Leaves 2 36.07 12.77 22.81 305.58 10 29.29 27.83 29.52 470.42 50 23.15 35.33 34.43 763.66 19-5 Fruits 2 35.03 12.93 21.38 326.18 10 32.89 24.26 32.29 506.96 50 24.04 32.28 34.07 625.68 19-6 Flowers 2 35.53 16.85 21.71 257.53 10 32.44 21.94 29.23 533.07 50 23.25 38.09 37.03 752.50

TABLE 35 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 19 Korean Campanula Korean bellflower takesimana bellflower Compar- Bellflower Campanula 9.87 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2/ 10.9 11.3 ative punctata Fungi: 2 Example 19-1 Whole plant 0.21 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2/ 26.2 16.3 Fungi: 1 19-2 Roots 0.43 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, 9.2 20.7 Fungi: 0.5 19-3 Stems 0.17 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 15.1 12.8 Fungi: 0.5 19-4 Leaves 0.1  MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 19.9 22.2 Fungi: 0.5 19-5 Fruits 0.42 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 9.9 22.0 Fungi: 1 19-6 Flowers 0.94 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, 26.9 26.0 Fungi: 0.25

EXAMPLE 20 Ulleungdo Turk's-Cap Lily

TABLE 36 Anti- Anti-wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 20 Ulleungdo Lilium Ulleungdo turk's- hansonii turk's- cap lily cap lily Compar- Lily 50 Lilium 86.37 12.59  3.10  46.18 ative Candidum Example 20-1 Whole plant 2 39.78 14.51 20.75 307.30 10 30.75 27.01 33.36 445.02 50 24.62 35.30 38.39 686.19 20-2 Roots 2 34.17 14.40 21.72 263.94 10 30.82 23.13 29.24 435.95 50 22.66 37.10 38.03 715.89 20-3 Stems 2 36.90 18.14 21.35 304.03 10 33.77 23.81 27.20 461.21 50 23.27 39.45 34.39 708.43 20-4 Leaves 2 36.53 14.41 23.56 226.56 10 32.88 24.26 30.21 597.01 50 24.22 37.57 34.91 771.58 20-5 Fruits 2 39.07 17.29 21.08 336.13 10 29.90 20.74 31.04 591.19 50 23.92 37.42 35.28 767.52 20-6 Flowers 2 34.70 18.76 25.64 356.83 10 33.45 22.78 28.46 449.21 50 24.08 36.69 38.14 735.30

TABLE 37 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 20 Ulleungdo Lilium Ulleungdo turk's- hansonii turk's- cap lily cap lily Compar- Lily Lilium 6.87 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2/ 12.3  9.4 ative Candidum Fungi: 2 Example 20-1 Whole plant 0.39 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5/ 18.4 21.5 Fungi: 0.5 20-2 Roots 0.37 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 12.7 25.5 Fungi: 0.25 20-3 Stems 0.91 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 13.8 20.3 Fungi: 0.5 20-4 Leaves 0.27 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 13.7 21.1 Fungi: 1 20-5 Fruits 0.88 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, 10.9 12.0 Fungi: 0.5 20-6 Flowers 0.74 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, 17.4 25.5 Fungi: 1

EXAMPLE 21 Ulleungdo Spike Speedwell

TABLE 38 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Conc. Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample (ppm) name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 21 Ulleungdo Pseudolysimachion Ulleungdo spike insulare spike speedwell speedwell Compar- Speedwell 50 Veronica 3.17 MIC (%) Bacteria, 13.8 11.5 ative Officinalis Fungi: 2 Example 21-1 Whole plant 2 0.73 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1  8.3  9.0 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 17.8 19.7 50 21-2 Roots 2 0.9 MIC (%) Bacteria, 13.2 11.5 Fungi: 1 10 50 21-3 Stems 2 0.47 MIC (%) Bacteria, 23.4 13.7 Fungi: 1 10 50 21-4 Leaves 2 0.22 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 23.6 22.0 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 50 21-5 Fruits 2 0.8 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 10.3 11.8 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 50 21-6 Flowers 2 0.93 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 14.2 15.1 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 50

TABLE 39 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) 21 Ulleungdo Pseudolysimachion Ulleungdo spike insulare spike speedwell speedwell Compar- Speedwell Veronica 3.17 MIC (%) Bacteria, 13.8 11.5 ative Officinalis Fungi: 2 Example 21-1 Whole plant 0.73 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 8.3 9.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 17.8 19.7 21-2 Roots 0.9 MIC (%) Bacteria, 13.2 11.5 Fungi: 1 21-3 Stems 0.47 MIC (%) Bacteria, 23.4 13.7 Fungi: 1 21-4 Leaves 0.22 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 23.6 22.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 21-5 Fruits 0.8 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 10.3 11.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 21-6 Flowers 0.93 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 14.2 15.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 1

EXAMPLE 22 Coastal Moss-Like Stonecrop

TABLE 40 Anti- Anti-wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 22 Coastal Sedum Coastal moss-like oryzifolium moss-like stonecrop stonecrop Compar- Orange 50 Sedum 80.19 6.04  3.98  13.00 ative stonecrop Kamtschaticum Example 22-1 Whole plant 2 45.74 3.60 11.19 298.50 10 38.34 17.52 19.66 598.40 50 35.36 26.37 26.84 785.92 22-2 Roots 2 37.34 13.83 20.45 312.88 10 33.85 28.34 29.29 403.47 50 22.45 37.74 39.25 735.40 22-3 Stems 2 34.48 15.30 26.40 315.03 10 31.12 24.10 29.97 495.51 50 25.25 38.15 34.96 719.30 22-4 Leaves 2 37.06 18.16 26.70 333.50 10 29.18 21.75 30.14 599.29 50 26.08 38.90 32.91 757.00 22-5 Fruits 2 38.07 18.34 21.39 248.33 10 33.40 29.93 30.26 560.51 50 23.70 34.97 31.63 708.07 22-6 Flowers 2 35.09 10.80 21.62 215.01 10 28.93 21.05 33.29 531.83 50 25.49 34.20 35.62 648.15

TABLE 41 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 22 Coastal Sedum Coastal moss-like oryzifolium moss-like stonecrop stonecrop Compar- Orange Sedum 9.25 MIC (%) Bacteria2, Fungi: 2  9.7 10.0 ative stonecrop Kamtschaticum Example 22-1 Whole plant 0.9  MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1 18.6 16.6 22-2 Roots 0.66 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 0.5 19.6 23.3 22-3 Stems 0.77 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 0.0625 15.3 20.1 22-4 Leaves 0.63 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 26.7 14.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 22-5 Fruits 0.29 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 17.2 12.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 22-6 Flowers 0.49 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 16.0 16.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125

EXAMPLE 23 Water Chickweed (Giant Chickweed)

TABLE 42 Anti- Anti-wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 23 Water Stellaria Water chickweed aquatica chickweed (Giant (Giant chickweed) chickweed) Compar- Chickweed 50 Stellaria 72.34  3.29  7.25  97.51 ative Media Example 23-1 Whole plant 2 39.14 15.12 24.37 261.94 10 28.86 25.28 30.96 455.93 50 24.18 32.21 34.75 659.55 23-2 Roots 2 35.91 17.10 22.57 218.92 10 29.12 29.98 28.85 450.38 50 20.51 43.46 39.79 733.82 23-3 Stems 2 36.96 13.61 24.24 261.55 10 32.40 21.65 33.21 593.68 50 25.25 31.46 37.75 674.45 23-4 Leaves 2 36.68 17.32 20.14 382.63 10 28.01 27.89 31.61 532.62 50 25.08 30.10 36.61 723.84 23-5 Fruits 2 39.55 10.55 26.03 371.93 10 28.84 27.40 31.11 553.71 50 20.67 33.06 37.01 726.98 23-6 Flowers 2 39.55 10.95 20.66 208.33 10 30.93 21.37 28.01 581.25 50 23.79 36.43 33.56 625.44

TABLE 43 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 23 Water Stellaria Water chickweed aquatica chickweed (Giant (Giant chickweed) chickweed) Compar- Chickweed Stellaria 8.7 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: >2 12.5 10.9 ative Media Example 23-1 Whole plant 0.9 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1 24.4 25.2 23-2 Roots 0.45 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 0.5 17.0 11.0 23-3 Stems 0.51 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1 13.7 12.7 23-4 Leaves 0.71 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 27.5 25.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 23-5 Fruits 0.86 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 17.0 17.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 23-6 Flowers 0.39 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 27.3 26.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125

EXAMPLE 24 Heartleaf Houttuynia

TABLE 44 Anti- Anti-wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 24 Heartleaf Houttuynia Heartleaf Houttuynia cordata Houttuynia Thunb. Compar- Heartleaf 50 89.15 17.24  1.12  45.73 ative Houttuynia Example (other area) 24-1 Whole plant 2 39.15 13.24 23.12 273.73 10 28.76 23.82 31.95 407.75 50 21.14 38.76 35.87 630.10 24-2 Roots 2 38.13 17.61 20.65 261.26 10 27.26 24.89 33.97 442.32 50 25.62 38.01 35.23 726.65 24-3 Stems 2 38.63 19.91 24.71 305.14 10 31.19 24.56 28.93 536.67 50 21.69 33.70 38.60 628.47 24-4 Leaves 2 34.76 10.56 25.91 229.14 10 28.32 23.51 30.92 517.19 50 21.28 30.14 34.25 728.73 24-5 Fruits 2 37.70 18.08 24.11 327.46 10 32.78 28.75 33.37 464.74 50 22.64 32.24 34.27 687.35 24-6 Flowers 2 36.56 13.44 22.74 294.42 10 33.66 20.40 32.96 406.96 50 25.39 30.11 39.43 614.75

TABLE 45 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 24 Heartleaf Houttuynia Heartleaf Houttuynia cordata Houttuynia Thunb. Compar- Heartleaf 3.23 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1  8.7 12.4 ative Houttuynia Example (other area) MIC (%) Fungi: 1 24-1 Whole plant 0.76 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 18.8 20.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625 24-2 Roots 0.81 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 24.4 23.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 24-3 Stems 0.12 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 10.9 16.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 24-4 Leaves 0.86 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 17.2 10.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 24-5 Fruits 0.59 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 18.8 17.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 24-6 Flowers 0.12 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 17.4 17.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 25 Ulleungdo Liverleaf

TABLE 46 Anti- Anti-wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 25 Ulleungdo Hepatica Ulleungdo liverleaf maxima liverleaf (Nakai) Nakai 25-1 Whole plant 2 76.56 11.72 21.32 272.64 10 33.66 21.74 31.40 562.62 50 25.39 39.73 37.68 603.06 25-2 Roots 2 39.84 13.44 23.91 230.66 10 31.46 20.68 32.24 538.29 50 24.46 33.78 35.45 618.18 25-3 Stems 2 39.24 15.10 22.02 242.11 10 31.34 24.90 30.86 400.26 50 24.14 32.37 39.08 639.19 25-4 Leaves 2 34.09 15.35 25.02 287.66 10 31.67 25.97 33.55 484.59 50 23.61 32.33 34.12 652.27 25-5 Fruits 2 35.72 19.53 23.99 381.86 10 30.08 29.73 28.61 470.18 50 23.09 33.26 39.13 770.08 25-6 Flowers 2 39.83 13.44 20.51 308.72 10 27.62 20.40 32.72 443.95 50 20.16 30.11 37.02 706.41

TABLE 47 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 25 Ulleungdo Hepatica Ulleungdo liverleaf maxima liverleaf (Nakai) Nakai 25-1 Whole plant 0.45 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 24.5 24.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 25-2 Roots 0.76 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 17.5 13.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625 25-3 Stems 0.42 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 14.0 13.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 25-4 Leaves 0.21 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 21.6 26.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 25-5 Fruits 0.84 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 16.1  8.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 25-6 Flowers 0.53 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 21.3 12.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125

EXAMPLE 26 Chinese Buttercup

TABLE 48 Anti- Anti-wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 26 Chinese Ranunculus Chinese buttercup quelpaertensis buttercup (H. Lév.) Nakai Compar- Ranunculus 50 Ranunculus 89.24  1.34  1.54  22.34 ative ficaria Ficaria Example 26-1 Whole plant 2 39.57 15.51 22.72 395.30 10 32.67 29.69 29.50 575.83 50 24.86 33.60 39.40 650.79 26-2 Roots 2 39.86 11.34 22.72 312.22 10 29.07 22.16 29.50 451.69 50 24.83 35.64 39.40 738.08 26-3 Stems 2 38.29 18.13 22.72 213.87 10 28.34 29.98 29.50 493.07 50 22.42 30.93 39.40 799.14 26-4 Leaves 2 34.45 12.48 22.72 355.20 10 28.78 23.10 29.50 470.04 50 23.43 35.94 39.40 771.73 26-5 Fruits 2 35.91 18.09 22.72 256.23 10 28.13 22.78 29.50 579.79 50 21.52 34.15 39.40 667.50 26-6 Flowers 2 34.37 13.44 22.72 317.22 10 27.81 20.40 29.50 498.77 50 20.01 30.11 39.40 663.17

TABLE 49 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 26 Chinese Ranunculus Chinese buttercup quelpaertensis buttercup (H. Lév.) Nakai Compar- Ranunculus Ranunculus 6.67 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1  8.0  8.0 ative ficaria Ficaria Example MIC (%) Fungi: 1 26-1 Whole plant 0.46 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 19.0 27.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 26-2 Roots 0.23 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 10.2 15.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 26-3 Stems 0.34 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 11.3 11.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 26-4 Leaves 0.67 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 15.3 13.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625 26-5 Fruits 0.46 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 16.7 16.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 26-6 Flowers 0.45 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 12.7 12.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 27 Tricuspidate Falsenettle

TABLE 50 Anti- Anti-wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 27 Tricuspidate Boehmeria Tricuspidate falsenettle tricuspis falsenettle (Hance) Makino Compar- Ramie 50 Boehmeria 99.86  2.34 1.72  87.22 ative nivea Example Compar- Tricuspidate 50 85.86 16.34 5.72 127.22 ative falsenettle Example (other area) 27-1 Whole plant 2 37.03 17.40 22.84 349.46 10 27.05 20.29 29.06 409.35 50 24.39 37.06 38.80 603.30 27-2 Roots 2 35.50 12.20 22.91 288.20 10 28.28 28.55 33.37 431.21 50 22.70 36.57 36.45 707.65 27-3 Stems 2 36.83 14.82 25.39 361.73 10 32.39 22.83 29.25 550.31 50 26.48 38.93 34.90 656.87 27-4 Leaves 2 39.50 18.49 23.84 255.08 10 32.30 27.16 32.21 532.98 50 20.05 34.72 36.47 727.63 27-5 Fruits 2 39.35 17.12 23.57 262.11 10 28.64 21.57 32.62 424.16 50 24.78 30.22 34.07 749.64 27-6 Flowers 2 34.37 13.44 26.04 394.81 10 27.81 20.40 30.38 459.42 50 20.01 30.11 34.82 651.09

TABLE 51 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 27 Tricuspidate Boehmeria Tricuspidate falsenettle tricuspis falsenettle (Hance) Makino Compar- Ramie Boehmeria 2.78 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1  8.4  9.4 ative nivea Example MIC (%) Fungi: 1 Compar- Tricuspidate 3.56 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 11.6 11.7 ative falsenettle Example (other area) MIC (%) Fungi: 1 27-1 Whole plant 0.1 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 18.6 22.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 27-2 Roots 0.63 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 10.5 17.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 27-3 Stems 0.48 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 18.4 10.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625 27-4 Leaves 0.5 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 26.8 22.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 27-5 Fruits 0.87 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 16.2 12.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 27-6 Flowers 0.72 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 10.3 17.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125

EXAMPLE 28 Long-Calyx Pink

TABLE 52 Anti- Anti-wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 28 Long-calyx Dianthus Long-calyx pink longicalyx Miq. pink Compar- Carnation 50 Dianthus 76.48 13.66  2.65  50.69 ative Caryophyllus Example 28-1 Whole plant 2 39.25 23.43 23.55 283.74 10 32.46 28.42 33.89 414.73 50 25.16 35.96 36.66 745.27 28-2 Roots 2 38.91 20.24 25.92 360.57 10 27.38 27.00 33.90 484.73 50 24.09 35.56 37.56 604.21 28-3 Stems 2 35.70 22.44 22.02 256.20 10 30.77 33.18 28.90 425.05 50 23.59 39.52 35.28 675.27 28-4 Leaves 2 38.34 21.36 25.74 315.51 10 33.13 27.54 30.19 427.62 50 20.49 38.78 39.55 630.51 28-5 Fruits 2 34.49 25.21 22.53 324.59 10 30.00 32.59 28.47 436.64 50 23.30 37.99 39.61 700.96 28-6 Flowers 2 36.16 26.95 25.10 346.90 10 30.59 33.44 27.52 524.21 50 23.26 39.34 39.55 734.88

TABLE 53 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 28 Long-calyx Dianthus Long-calyx pink longicalyx Miq. pink Compar- Carnation Dianthus 7.56 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: >2 10.9 10.2 ative Caryophyllus Example 28-1 Whole plant 0.49 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 19.3 22.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 28-2 Roots 0.55 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 27.7 19.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 28-3 Stems 0.69 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 13.3 17.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 28-4 Leaves 0.63 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 15.3 15.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 28-5 Fruits 0.78 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 14.0 12.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 28-6 Flowers 0.79 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 13.5 13.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125

EXAMPLE 29 Curled Dock

TABLE 54 Anti- Anti-wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 29 Curled Rumex Curled dock crispus L. dock Compar- Garden 50 Rumex 86.74  3.84  2.15  35.42 ative dock acetosa L. Example Compar- Curled 50 Rumex 60.55 15.47 12.49 153.98 ative dock crispus L. Example (other area) 29-1 Whole plant 2 37.45 15.86 25.10 321.94 10 33.55 23.61 33.98 483.24 50 24.29 30.23 37.25 656.65 29-2 Roots 2 36.74 15.25 25.12 234.55 10 32.48 27.74 27.30 579.17 50 22.68 36.49 38.45 751.93 29-3 Stems 2 34.40 17.75 26.93 383.95 10 32.06 30.00 30.27 510.16 50 21.16 32.61 34.28 753.61 29-4 Leaves 2 35.96 14.81 26.55 223.18 10 28.51 22.56 30.86 474.09 50 21.58 37.25 34.04 723.59 29-5 Fruits 2 39.99 19.39 24.67 352.93 10 29.56 22.41 32.61 584.88 50 25.52 35.89 34.73 771.51 29-6 Flowers 2 39.30 18.83 25.07 339.29 10 27.17 28.19 32.38 418.58 50 23.67 36.36 36.15 729.03

TABLE 55 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 29 Curled Rumex Curled dock crispus L. dock Compar- Garden Rumex 9.93 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 13.5 10.5 ative dock acetosa L. Example MIC (%) Fungi: 1 Compar- Curled Rumex 3.14 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 13.3 14.1 ative dock crispus L. Example (other area) MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 29-1 Whole plant 0.07 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 27.5 20.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 29-2 Roots 0.1  MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 18.7 12.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 29-3 Stems 0.12 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 13.1  9.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625 29-4 Leaves 0.07 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 20.2 26.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 29-5 Fruits 0.24 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 10.8 13.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 29-6 Flowers 0.05 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 14.0 10.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625

EXAMPLE 30 Erect St. Johnswort

TABLE 56 Anti- Anti-wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 30 Erect St. Hypericum Erect St. Johnswort erectum Thunb. Johnswort Compar- St John's 50 Hypericum 75.66  9.56  2.45  41.52 ative Wort Perforatum Example Compar- Erect St. 50 Hypericum 40.54 17.14  9.66 267.21 ative Johnswort erectum Thunb. Example (other area) 30-1 Whole plant 2 38.07 14.81 20.41 231.71 10 29.29 28.36 28.65 469.39 50 26.78 34.65 35.31 700.48 30-2 Roots 2 38.55 17.03 26.18 209.85 10 31.05 27.88 27.00 571.33 50 26.78 39.28 39.29 783.75 30-3 Stems 2 39.48 17.09 24.47 325.93 10 31.96 29.13 33.27 447.72 50 23.61 30.86 37.62 687.97 30-4 Leaves 2 35.92 18.17 24.59 292.75 10 29.46 27.46 29.57 462.78 50 22.99 35.11 34.57 638.97 30-5 Fruits 2 34.79 11.00 25.79 318.17 10 33.65 21.53 27.37 470.88 50 22.84 30.29 35.55 604.30 30-6 Flowers 2 35.12 15.09 21.85 241.03 10 28.48 25.98 29.90 538.52 50 21.89 34.36 39.29 666.36

TABLE 57 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 30 Erect St. Hypericum Erect St. Johnswort erectum Thunb. Johnswort Compar- St John's Hypericum 4.65 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 11.2 9.2 ative Wort Perforatum Example MIC (%) Fungi: 1 Compar- Erect St. Hypericum 1.23 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 17.7 16.5 ative Johnswort erectum Thunb. Example (other area) MIC (%) Fungi: 1 30-1 Whole plant 0.15 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 26.4 22.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 30-2 Roots 0.07 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 27.3 24.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 30-3 Stems 0.14 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 13.0 9.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625 30-4 Leaves 0.04 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 15.7 19.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625 30-5 Fruits 0.21 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 21.1 19.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 30-6 Flowers 0.11 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 22.6 15.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125

EXAMPLE 31 Five-Leaf Gynostemma

TABLE 58 Anti- Anti-wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 31 Five-leaf Gynostemma Five-leaf gynostemma pentaphylla gynostemma (Thunb.) Makino Compar- Five-leaf 50 Gynostemma 87.21 17.45 12.14 214.55 ative gynostemma pentaphylla Example (other area) (Thunb.) Makino 31-1 Whole plant 2 35.80 11.06 24.25 274.50 10 27.39 24.54 28.71 439.60 50 25.00 30.42 38.95 698.74 31-2 Roots 2 38.47 11.34 24.85 378.08 10 27.92 23.92 31.52 596.78 50 26.27 38.88 38.95 654.92 31-3 Stems 2 34.24 14.05 20.83 324.60 10 28.03 22.57 33.80 507.38 50 23.41 36.12 39.31 673.64 31-4 Leaves 2 38.58 13.41 25.71 353.19 10 27.00 27.69 27.25 427.32 50 21.56 36.22 36.09 669.94 31-5 Fruits 2 36.30 16.31 25.21 310.69 10 32.13 23.49 31.08 432.14 50 24.46 37.41 37.61 650.81 31-6 Flowers 2 34.46 11.13 22.81 368.00 10 28.37 26.57 33.88 491.92 50 21.31 34.72 35.19 705.71

TABLE 59 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 31 Five-leaf Gynostemma Five-leaf gynostemma pentaphylla gynostemma (Thunb.) Makino Compar- Five-leaf Gynostemma 6.58 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 15.7 14.1 ative gynostemma pentaphylla Example (other area) (Thunb.) Makino MIC (%) Fungi: 1 31-1 Whole plant 0.25 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 24.7 25.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 31-2 Roots 0.12 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125  9.6 10.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 31-3 Stems 0.28 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 11.3 15.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 31-4 Leaves 0.20 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 13.3 17.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 31-5 Fruits 0.15 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 25.2 25.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625 31-6 Flowers 0.18 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 10.6 13.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125

EXAMPLE 32 Bird's Egg Cucumber

TABLE 60 Anti- Anti-wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 32 Bird's egg Melothria Bird's egg cucumber japonica cucumber (Thunb.) Maxim. Compar- Melothria 50 Melothria Solena 97.29 12.18  4.48  98.05 ative Heterophylla Example 32-1 Whole plant 2 35.22 17.75 23.05 301.04 10 31.77 22.83 28.32 512.22 50 22.04 34.98 39.30 711.80 32-2 Roots 2 36.97 18.04 26.07 341.54 10 30.34 27.19 33.34 447.46 50 24.10 30.40 39.20 718.95 32-3 Stems 2 35.67 13.82 25.71 315.42 10 27.26 23.31 27.54 525.52 50 21.62 32.95 36.30 662.05 32-4 Leaves 2 34.24 12.78 24.73 204.89 10 27.69 22.64 33.27 446.93 50 20.96 33.17 38.47 767.15 32-5 Fruits 2 38.43 12.62 25.20 255.15 10 50 24.11 30.13 38.19 651.54 32-6 Flowers 2 38.31 12.76 22.73 372.09 10 33.55 24.13 29.82 471.65 50 22.33 31.38 39.57 735.96

TABLE 61 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 32 Bird's egg Melothria Bird's egg cucumber japonica cucumber (Thunb.) Maxim Compar- Melothria Melothria Solena 8.01 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2 0.0 0.0 ative Heterophylla Example MIC (%) Fungi: >2 32-1 Whole plant 0.45 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 12.8 17.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 32-2 Roots 0.96 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 9.4 8.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 32-3 Stems 0.30 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 17.2 18.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 32-4 Leaves 0.65 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 10.5 13.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 32-5 Fruits 0.38 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 18.9 13.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 32-6 Flowers 0.14 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 13.9 9.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 1

EXAMPLE 33 Ulleungdo Rockcress

TABLE 62 Anti- Anti-wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 33 Ulleungdo Arabis Ulleungdo rockcress takesimana Nakai rockcress 33-1 Whole plant 2 37.72 13.67 21.77 278.76 10 31.23 26.76 33.86 514.61 50 22.29 30.87 36.51 708.03 33-2 Roots 2 39.47 16.47 23.64 370.23 10 32.97 27.30 32.13 553.07 50 25.75 35.29 37.43 768.17 33-3 Stems 2 34.64 16.00 24.31 352.19 10 33.96 21.11 32.72 462.20 50 25.46 32.06 35.53 773.27 33-4 Leaves 2 36.91 12.32 22.72 353.17 10 29.84 20.27 30.87 545.48 50 21.70 33.57 37.70 715.68 33-5 Fruits 2 37.95 18.60 24.64 323.92 10 33.61 25.03 28.92 455.97 50 22.34 31.34 36.77 787.93 33-6 Flowers 2 36.28 10.35 24.60 317.34 10 29.18 24.08 29.08 549.16 50 25.34 39.51 34.56 682.67

TABLE 63 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 33 Ulleungdo Arabis Ulleungdo rockcress takesimana Nakai rockcress 33-1 Whole plant 0.82 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 13.8 19.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 33-2 Roots 0.64 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 24.3 20.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 33-3 Stems 0.58 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 9.4 11.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 33-4 Leaves 0.51 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 26.8 24.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 33-5 Fruits 0.88 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 8.3  9.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 33-6 Flowers 0.39 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 10.2 11.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25

EXAMPLE 34 Hedge Mustard

TABLE 64 Anti- Anti-wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 34 Hedge Sisymbrium Hedge Mustard officinale Mustard (L.) Scop. Compar- London 50 Sisymbrium 89.81  9.46  5.06  32.25 ative rocket Irio Example 34-1 Whole plant 2 38.49 10.86 25.18 292.14 10 32.11 25.67 27.04 517.63 50 23.22 32.02 37.38 676.68 34-2 Roots 2 37.61 19.84 20.59 254.44 10 30.49 23.52 32.49 466.11 50 21.30 38.86 39.81 751.79 34-3 Stems 2 35.49 10.10 22.45 303.26 10 27.41 29.96 31.77 461.07 50 26.31 32.69 34.05 658.52 34-4 Leaves 2 37.26 18.89 24.40 327.53 10 28.76 22.54 32.46 553.91 50 23.38 35.16 36.40 726.03 34-5 Fruits 2 34.66 12.44 22.45 260.84 10 32.71 29.56 30.57 578.41 50 20.47 35.81 36.02 666.84 34-6 Flowers 2 39.76 18.39 22.61 253.08 10 27.26 29.26 31.64 600.38 50 23.06 34.22 37.73 735.66

TABLE 65 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 34 Hedge Sisymbrium Hedge Mustard officinale Mustard (L.) Scop. Compar- London Sisymbrium 4.90 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2 8.8 8.5 ative rocket Irio Example MIC (%) Fungi: 1 34-1 Whole plant 0.38 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 14.4 19.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 34-2 Roots 0.22 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 8.8 10.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 34-3 Stems 0.41 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 26.0 24.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 34-4 Leaves 0.62 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 25.7 20.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 34-5 Fruits 0.87 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 11.7 13.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 34-6 Flowers 0.99 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 15.7 9.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 36 Asian Prince's Pine

TABLE 66 Anti- Anti-wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 36 Asian Chimaphila Asian prince's japonica Miq. prince's pine pine Compar- Prince's 50 Chimaphila 67.74  8.83  4.97 158.68 ative pine Umbellata Example 36-1 Whole plant 2 37.36 11.97 24.91 292.59 10 30.31 23.27 31.53 531.91 50 24.54 37.43 35.40 622.84 36-2 Roots 2 37.97 13.36 25.79 277.44 10 27.85 21.89 31.51 484.73 50 24.31 31.15 35.40 762.40 36-3 Stems 2 37.73 17.93 25.37 315.14 10 32.14 28.00 27.79 500.91 50 22.25 37.06 34.13 786.79 36-4 Leaves 2 36.80 11.10 21.58 226.74 10 27.02 24.99 33.79 577.91 50 21.58 39.31 39.12 603.85 36-5 Fruits 2 36.29 17.93 23.20 388.08 10 32.33 28.00 33.77 504.97 50 23.42 37.06 35.22 683.52 36-6 Flowers 2 39.54 19.93 21.80 233.90 10 29.28 21.51 30.81 471.50 50 20.52 39.96 39.91 788.63

TABLE 67 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 36 Asian Chimaphila Asian prince's japonica prince's pine Miq. pine Compar- Prince's Chimaphila 1.57 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 10.0  9.4 ative pine Umbellata Example MIC (%) Fungi: 2 36-1 Whole plant 0.23 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13 23.2 21.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.06 36-2 Roots 0.46 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13 17.9 14.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 36-3 Stems 0.37 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 10.4 17.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 36-4 Leaves 0.12 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 13.0 14.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.13 36-5 Fruits 0.32 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 11.1 15.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 36-6 Flowers 0.91 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.06 24.0 23.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.13

EXAMPLE 37 Marlberry

TABLE 68 Anti- Anti-wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 37 Marlberry Ardisia Marlberry japonica (Thunb.) Blume Compar- Christmas 50 Ardisia 80.02  4.89 3.54  77.70 ative berry Crenata Example Compar- Marlberry 50 Ardisia 52.96 13.58 9.48 286.38 ative (other area) japonica Example (Thunb.) Blume 37-1 Whole plant 2 37.79 12.10 21.69 245.22 10 29.02 23.20 31.43 498.31 50 20.60 31.19 38.29 721.29 37-2 Roots 2 37.02 19.20 23.88 306.75 10 32.02 21.99 31.12 476.21 50 20.68 37.64 34.32 660.18 37-3 Stems 2 34.12 14.23 25.90 349.78 10 27.97 29.99 27.83 571.61 50 22.81 37.74 37.63 717.21 37-4 Leaves 2 38.89 19.43 23.36 234.02 10 29.01 27.26 32.39 494.80 50 26.81 36.19 38.48 761.34 37-5 Fruits 2 39.24 13.08 21.27 206.40 10 32.42 23.46 32.25 573.25 50 21.03 38.66 36.56 767.58 37-6 Flowers 2 34.71 14.29 23.82 359.34 10 28.87 27.26 30.99 498.80 50 21.47 37.75 38.00 734.55

TABLE 69 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 37 Marlberry Ardisia Marlberry japonica (Thunb.) Blume Compar- Christmas Ardisia 2.25 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2 12.5 10.0 ative berry Crenata Example MIC (%) Fungi: >2 Compar- Marlberry Ardisia 1.31 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 11.2 13.4 ative (other area) japonica Example (Thunb.) Blume MIC (%) Fungi: 1 37-1 Whole plant 0.20 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 27.0 21.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 37-2 Roots 0.15 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13 16.3 10.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 37-3 Stems 0.99 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 12.3 10.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 37-4 Leaves 0.69 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13 14.2  9.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.06 37-5 Fruits 0.17 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 27.7 20.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 37-6 Flowers 0.70 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 12.1 10.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25

EXAMPLE 38 Spoon-Leaf Yellow Loosestrife

TABLE 70 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti- Melanin Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English content synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 38 Spoon-leaf Lysimachia Spoon-leaf yellow loosestrife mauritiana Lam. yellow loosestrife Comparative Bog loosestrife 50 Lysimachia 71.24  8.82  1.52 181.01 Example Foenum-graecum 38-1 Whole plant 2 34.92 17.76 25.41 196.21 10 27.95 26.79 31.42 370.62 50 24.82 30.19 35.02 511.53 38-2 Roots 2 37.18 11.23 21.17 296.61 10 29.67 25.75 32.66 472.30 50 23.60 33.75 36.67 558.49 38-3 Stems 2 39.65 12.57 23.12 377.75 10 27.22 27.86 31.84 430.19 50 20.06 30.39 39.72 690.04 38-4 Leaves 2 39.38 12.42 23.77 170.49 10 29.01 21.94 29.04 421.56 50 14.30 38.24 39.74 588.19 38-5 Fruits 2 37.80 13.48 25.34 276.49 10 32.12 25.31 33.37 463.56 50 23.87 36.57 34.27 657.79 38-6 Flowers 2 26.54 19.89 24.85 397.78 10 18.88 29.42 29.17 523.38 50  8.91 39.16 39.73 780.79

TABLE 71 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 38 Spoon-leaf yellow Lysimachia Spoon-leaf loosestrife mauritiana Lam. yellow loosestrife Comparative Bog loosestrife Lysimachia 9.98 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2 11.2 15.8 Example Foenum-graecum MIC (%) Fungi: >2 38-1 Whole plant 0.17 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 26.5 23.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 38-2 Roots 0.74 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 16.5 11.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 38-3 Stems 0.03 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 13.4 10.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 38-4 Leaves 0.72 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.06 23.2 24.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.13 38-5 Fruits 0.83 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 14.3 10.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 38-6 Flowers 0.34 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13  9.6  8.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.06

EXAMPLE 39 Climbing Hydrangea

TABLE 72 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti- Melanin Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English content synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 39 Climbing Hydrangea petiolaris Climbing hydrangea Siebold & Zucc. hydrangea Comparative Bigleaf 50 Hydrangea Macrophylla 89.97  7.11  2.87 117.39 Example hydrangea 39-1 Whole plant 2 38.79 17.95 23.27 210.48 10 29.62 26.39 31.23 418.43 50 26.34 30.09 38.78 621.31 39-2 Roots 2 38.22 10.58 21.30 283.26 10 29.21 27.19 32.91 542.12 50 22.36 33.35 34.26 675.65 39-3 Stems 2 34.64 16.51 23.88 365.81 10 29.55 29.73 31.87 402.38 50 22.22 34.20 35.28 673.77 39-4 Leaves 2 39.53 12.38 26.32 343.01 10 22.33 25.77 31.37 436.24 50 13.11 38.75 44.01 703.27 39-6 Flowers 2 39.71 15.10 25.51 357.64 10 33.43 25.50 29.19 587.88 50 21.86 39.02 39.31 701.80

TABLE 73 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 39 Climbing Hydrangea petiolaris Climbing hydrangea Siebold & Zucc. hydrangea Comparative Bigleaf Hydrangea Macrophylla 3.95 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2 11.1 11.0 Example hydrangea MIC (%) Fungi: >2 39-1 Whole plant 0.13 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 19.5 18.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 39-2 Roots 0.54 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1  9.9 10.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 39-3 Stems 0.61 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.06 11.1 13.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.13 39-4 Leaves 0.90 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13 23.7 23.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 39-6 Flowers 0.37 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 26.9 24.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25

EXAMPLE 40 Stringy Stonecrop

TABLE 74 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti- Melanin Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English content synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 40 Stringy Sedum sarmentosum Stringy stonecrop Bunge stonecrop Comparative Purple 50 Sedum Purpureum 76.08 13.10  2.38  23.78 Example stonecrop 40-1 Whole plant 2 35.39 10.57 16.54 253.81 10 31.83 23.48 28.53 329.93 50 33.75 26.13 29.54 584.07 40-2 Roots 2 37.72 14.22 26.29 229.26 10 31.98 23.42 27.48 600.32 50 26.74 30.35 34.39 743.58 40-3 Stems 2 34.77  8.52 15.43 214.85 10 33.20 19.09 22.27 467.36 50 32.38 25.45 28.18 527.02 40-4 Leaves 2 37.56 13.01 15.82 180.44 10 37.73 21.17 28.38 349.50 50 29.88 26.09 27.09 547.23 40-6 Flowers 2 38.53 15.35 24.01 311.16 10 31.46 28.33 32.01 518.92 50 26.18 35.04 35.48 645.94

TABLE 75 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 40 Stringy Sedum sarmentosum Stringy stonecrop Bunge stonecrop Comparative Purple Sedum Purpureum 6.94 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2, Fungi: >2 10.4 12.1 Example stonecrop 40-1 Whole plant 0.78 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 2 21.7 21.7 40-2 Roots 0.21 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1 19.1 17.2 40-3 Stems 0.83 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 2 13.3 12.1 40-4 Leaves 0.87 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 2 11.8 12.1 40-6 Flowers 0.75 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5 27.3 21.6

EXAMPLE 41 Ulleungdo Stonecrop

TABLE 76 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti- Melanin Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English content synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 41 Ulleungdo Sedum takesimense Ulleungdo stonecrop Nakai stonecrop Comparative Purple 50 Sedum Purpureum 76.08 13.10  2.38  23.78 Example stonecrop 41-1 Whole plant 2 33.73 11.80 20.36 253.41 10 31.83 23.25 22.52 469.56 50 29.27 29.39 29.28 580.53 41-2 Roots 2 35.86 13.83 24.41 238.58 10 29.79 23.23 27.70 524.91 50 23.36 35.49 36.60 619.40 41-3 Stems 2 35.95 18.89 24.77 253.27 10 31.13 22.43 33.45 415.51 50 22.66 33.46 39.79 742.65 41-4 Leaves 2 36.38 18.06 22.51 398.73 10 28.52 22.01 29.15 452.69 50 21.34 36.67 37.86 618.56 41-5 Fruits 2 37.60 13.45 26.81 334.49 10 29.85 27.09 32.93 426.94 50 25.50 35.10 37.42 780,63 41-6 Flowers 2 34.03 10.42 26.28 361.76 10 30.38 22.05 27.69 494.13 50 24.25 31.70 34.29 701.39

TABLE 77 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 41 Ulleungdo Sedum takesimense Ulleungdo stonecrop Nakai stonecrop Comparative Purple Sedum Purpureum 6.94 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2,  8.2 9.1 Example stonecrop Fungi: >2 41-1 Whole plant 0.99 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1 15.3 15.3 41-2 Roots 0.51 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.25 10.4 12.1 41-3 Stems 0.17 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.25 10.0 9.2 41-4 Leaves 0.53 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.25 12.9 13.6 41-5 Fruits 0.40 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5 11.1 9.9 41-6 Flowers 0.77 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5 23.3 22.9

EXAMPLE 42 Foam Flower

TABLE 78 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti- Melanin Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English content synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 42 Foam flower Tiarella polyphylla Foam flower 42-1 Whole plant 2 D. Don 32.92 10.33 17.50 281.20 10 32.25 17.53 23.93 361.49 50 33.53 24.49 31.33 581.22 42-2 Roots 2 40.72 11.87 20.72 283.04 10 32.08 26.27 31.65 442.89 50 29.20 32.84 36.40 649.06 42-3 Stems 2 40.52 11.95 25.70 344.61 10 36.44 22.98 27.56 476.99 50 32.09 33.52 38.77 684.26 42-4 Leaves 2 37.82 16.05 21.78 271.75 10 36.76 25.01 27.79 464.01 50 30.30 36.17 38.76 626.38 42-5 Fruits 2 41.19 18.76 21.46 350.48 10 33.53 27.78 27.73 403.43 50 29.19 36.53 36.44 695.07 42-6 Flowers 2 38.58 16.61 24.09 295.04 10 30.01 26.57 32.72 548.47 50 21.04 37.12 35.87 638.35

TABLE 79 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 42 Foam flower Tiarella polyphylla Foam flower D. Don 42-1 Whole plant 0.94 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1 9.8 11.8 42-2 Roots 0.85 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125, Fungi: 0.25 7.7 9.1 42-3 Stems 0.56 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125, Fungi: 0.25 10.1 11.0 42-4 Leaves 0.60 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125, Fungi: 0.25 8.2 8.7 42-5 Fruits 0.70 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.5 8.6 8.8 42-6 Flowers 0.34 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.5 10.5 8.2

EXAMPLE 43 East Asian Cinquefoil

TABLE 80 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti- Melanin Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English content synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Aibutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 43 East Asian Potentilla chinensis East Asian cinquefoil Ser. cinquefoil Comparative Cinquefoil 50 Potentilla Fragarioides 88.07 16.32  6.56  27.58 Example 43-1 Whole plant 2 35.27 13.65 21.34 364.57 10 28.24 24.98 30.42 599.09 50 25.83 39.02 39.00 745.04 43-2 Roots 2 39.63 12.91 16.55 300.91 10 32.51 23.78 24.91 356.73 50 29.51 30.30 30.13 550.44 43-3 Stems 2 39.83 12.41 17.59 272.21 10 36.83 16.29 26.94 478.27 50 31.45 30.02 27.35 544.84 43-4 Leaves 2 39.98 10.47 20.57 155.81 10 36.24 18.67 23.16 323.39 50 29.05 26.30 32.57 603.21 43-5 Fruits 2 36.28 13.61 20.54 217.19 10 30.69 21.80 28.68 448.88 50 21.74 35.27 35.40 647.89 43-6 Flowers 2 39.95 11.70 18.58 268.01 10 32.13 21.05 26.12 362.91 50 32.13 30.29 28.11 574.09

TABLE 81 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Conc. Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample (ppm) name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 43 East Asian Potentilla chinensis East Asian cinquefoil Ser. cinquefoil Comparative Cinquefoil 50 Potentilla 8.99 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, 10.7  9.1 Example Fragarioides Fungi: >2 43-1 Whole plant 2 0.43 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, 27.4 22.0 10 Fungi: 1 50 43-2 Roots 2 0.48 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 12.3 14.3 10 Fungi: 2 50 43-3 Stems 2 0.71 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 10.4 12.0 10 Fungi: 2 50 43-4 Leaves 2 0.84 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 16.3 11.1 10 Fungi: 2 50 43-5 Fruits 2 0.33 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, 26.5 27.2 10 Fungi: 1 50 43-6 Flowers 2 0.93 MIC (%) Bacteria; 1, 23.2 26.5 10 Fungi: 2 50

EXAMPLE 44 Indigobush Amorpha

TABLE 82 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti- Melanin Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English content synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 44 Indigobush Amorpha fruticosa Indigobnsh Amorpha L. Amorpha Comparative Indigobush 50 68.12 10.71 12.24  98.27 Example Amorpha (other area) 44-1 Whole plant 2 38.07 13.33 22.43 374.92 10 32.00 24.16 31.54 472.24 50 23.50 39.80 39.92 777.80 44-2 Roots 2 39.58 10.22 26.46 385.24 10 30.90 29.26 27.46 506.11 50 20.89 38.05 39.67 779.60 44-3 Stems 2 34.50 16.37 25.79 284.40 10 27.46 23.20 27.90 574.37 50 25.70 37.89 36.57 678.03 44-4 Leaves 2 36.70 16.06 23.06 277.22 10 33.04 23.51 28.60 503.70 50 24.81 38.61 35.74 672.03 44-5 Fruits 2 37.14 10.13 22.82 269.86 10 29.98 23.29 29.47 504.28 50 21.54 31.80 37.19 693.12 44-6 Flowers 2 35.01 17.34 20.36 326.61 10 29.38 21.63 27.86 458.33 50 23.27 34.98 37.99 716.50

TABLE 83 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 44 Indigobush Amorpha fruticosa Indigobush Amorpha L. Amorpha Comparative Indigobush 2.45 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 15.8 14.0 Example Amorpha MIC (%) Fungi: 2 (other area) 44-1 Whole plant 0.74 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 26.6 24.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 44-2 Roots 0.03 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25  9.3  8.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 44-3 Stems 0.50 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 13.5 14.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 44-4 Leaves 0.16 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 23.1 25.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 44-5 Fruits 0.32 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 14.1 13.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 44-6 Flowers 0.35 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 26.6 27.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 45 Sericea Lespedeza

TABLE 84 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti- Melanin Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English content synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 45 Sericea Lespedeza cuneata Sericea lespedeza (Dum. Cours.) G. Don lespedeza Comparative Leafy 50 Lespedeza Cyrtobotrya 90.93 10.72  4.67  74.92 Example lespedeza 45-1 Whole plant 2 36.68 15.09 21.51 352.11 10 33.46 29.94 27.22 437.21 50 23.34 30.60 36.63 602.02 45-2 Roots 2 39.64 19.22 23.59 278.18 10 27.50 23.80 31.62 488.76 50 21.68 32.52 36.64 622.98 45-3 Stems 2 37.77 14.84 24.66 361.91 10 28.94 23.27 30.43 406.33 50 20.17 36.76 37.81 609.27 45-4 Leaves 2 39.24 12.55 25.39 376.56 10 31.04 26.94 27.48 504.51 50 24.28 31.41 36.77 675.53 45-5 Fruits 2 37.34 19.97 22.68 307.41 10 31.81 29.49 29.60 402.24 50 22.30 32.23 37.52 735.82 45-6 Flowers 2 34.63 11.42 24,05 339.02 10 31.11 27.68 31.53 516.40 50 22.49 39.90 37.70 761.92

TABLE 85 Conc. Anti-oxidation Anti-bacteria No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name IC50 (%) MIC (%) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2% Fungi: A.niger 1% 45 Sericea Lespedeza cuneata Sericea lespedeza (Dum. Cours.) G. Don. lespedeza Comparative Leafy Lespedeza 4.93 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2 Example lespedeza Cyrtobotrya MIC (%) Fungi: >2 45-1 Whole plant 2 0.90 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 50 45-2 Roots 2 0.89 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 50 45-3 Stems 2 0.68 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 50 45-4 Leaves 2 0.22 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 50 45-5 Fruits 2 0.78 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 50 45-6 Flowers 2 0.03 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 50 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) Size of growth Size of growth inhibition inhibition No. ring (mm) ring (mm) Untreated Untreated 0 mm 0 mm 45 Comparative 0.0 0.0 Example 45-1 8.8 9.4 45-2 13.6 12.0 45-3 11.9 14.9 45-4 9.1 10.0 45-5 12.5 12.4 45-6 8.6 9.4

EXAMPLE 46 Alfalfa

TABLE 86 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Conc. Melanin Collagen synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) Control group Arbutin (200 ppm) TGFb (10 ppb) 35% 25% 46 Alfalfa Medicago sativa L. Alfalfa 46-1 Whole plant 2 38.32 13.70 10 31.97 21.20 50 24.28 30.18 46-2 Roots 2 36.65 18.39 10 29.15 27.16 50 20.35 34.26 46-3 Stems 2 39.90 15.39 10 27.33 22.35 50 23.61 33.40 46-4 Leaves 2 37.26 19.83 10 31.85 27.25 50 26.42 39.98 46-5 Fruits 2 36.02 15.79 10 32.92 28.89 50 23.11 39.98 46-6 Flowers 2 38.02 10.08 10 27.35 25.91 50 21.51 34.78 Anti-inflammation Moisturizing Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. production (%) (%) L-NMMA (5 ppm) EGF (10 ppb) 28% 320% 46 46-1 23.48 265.24 28.33 595.91 35.78 701.01 46-2 23.94 337.91 33.82 498.90 36.27 731.25 46-3 24.36 385.97 31.45 538.06 35.94 611.31 46-4 22.65 262.66 29.45 525.95 37.97 720.95 46-5 25.60 310.30 32.42 559.89 36.37 789.47 46-6 23.91 371.58 28.98 500.28 36.66 770.21

TABLE 87 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) Size of growth Size of growth Anti-oxidation Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name IC50 (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A.niger 1% 46 Alfalfa Medicago sativa L. Alfalfa 46-1 Whole plant 0.72 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 14.5 23.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 46-2 Roots 0.62 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 18.2 12.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 46-3 Stems 1.00 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 18.0 15.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 46-4 Leaves 0.62 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 18.8 19.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 46-5 Fruits 0.61 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 9.6 9.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 46-6 Flowers 0.39 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 21.5 23.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25

EXAMPLE 47 Amur Vetch

TABLE 88 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Conc. Melanin Collagen synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) Control group Arbutin (200 ppm) TGFb (10 ppb) 35% 25% 47 Amur vetch Vicia amurensis Amur vetch Oett. Comparative Broad bean 50 Vicia Faba 99.44 4.07 Example 47-1 Whole plant 2 39.97 17.99 10 30.18 21.04 50 22.69 33.43 47-2 Roots 2 39.26 12.69 10 30.17 20.13 50 21.97 38.61 47-3 Stems 2 38.08 17.51 10 33.66 26.64 50 20.74 37.72 47-4 Leaves 2 37.90 11.37 10 30.76 20.91 50 22.69 33.04 47-5 Fruits 2 37.86 13.37 10 27.59 25.76 50 24.21 36.96 47-6 Flowers 2 34.62 19.57 10 32.38 25.45 50 24.05 36.86 Anti-inflammation Moisturizing Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. production (%) (%) L-NMMA (5 ppm) EGF (10 ppb) 28% 320% 47 Comparative 2.33 48.67 Example 47-1 26.68 270.24 33.37 420.30 34.06 658.79 47-2 24.72 352.08 29.46 579.68 35.13 613.79 47-3 22.23 300.87 32.11 524.86 37.94 678.84 47-4 26.05 350.85 31.08 515.02 34.10 789.15 47-5 21.96 291.96 27.05 535.22 37.24 773.53 47-6 23.17 382.55 32.58 497.85 35.98 624.42

TABLE 89 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) Anti-oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A.niger 1% 47 Amur vetch Vicia amurensis Amur vetch Oett. Comparative Broad bean Vicia Faba 5.01 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2 8.6 9.2 Example MIC (%) Fungi: 2 47-1 Whole plant 0.63 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 23.7 21.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 47-2 Roots 0.86 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 26.6 21.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 47-3 Stems 0.57 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 27.2 17.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 47-4 Leaves 0.40 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 23.7 21.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 47-5 Fruits 0.28 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 15.1 9.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 47-6 Flowers 0.30 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 18.0 18.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 48 Hairy Purple Loosestrife

TABLE 90 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin Collagen synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin (200 ppm) TGFb (10 ppb) L-NMMA (5 ppm) EGF(10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 48 Hairy purple Lythrum salicaria L. Hairy purple loosestrife loosestrife 48-1 Whole plant 2 37.35 17.25 22.56 349.99 10 35.58 26.34 24.34 559.12 50 30.49 31.64 28.61 687.02 48-2 Roots 2 35.02 13.53 22.55 307.92 10 30.53 25.75 27.19 468.32 50 21.03 38.59 37.53 662.99 48-3 Stems 2 35.39 12.59 26.40 266.77 10 32.88 22.87 27.52 495.52 50 23.41 39.46 35.09 620.57 48-4 Leaves 2 38.33 12.92 24.19 252.16 10 27.28 27.70 32.91 511.41 50 21.09 33.61 38.26 708.37 48-5 Fruits 2 34.37 10.52 22.03 381.00 10 31.72 28.95 29.90 476.07 50 21.29 38.03 39.07 740.05 48-6 Flowers 2 38.25 15.18 20.83 309.53 10 30.12 19.22 30.31 404.98 50 20.58 29.24 37.94 763.26 48-7 Shoots 2 39.93 11.12 20.26 306.27 10 33.81 23.68 33.16 534.68 50 24.16 32.23 39.67 722.82

TABLE 91 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) Anti-oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A.niger 1% 48 Hairy purple Lythrum salicaria L. Hairy purple loosestrife loosestrife 48-1 Whole plant 1.95 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi:0.25 16.2 8.9 48-2 Roots 0.21 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.125 24.8 18.7 48-3 Stems 0.75 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 0.5 21.2 8.9 48-4 Leaves 0.95 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1 15.2 26.1 48-5 Fruits 0.56 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 0.5 14.6 15.3 48-6 Flowers 0.59 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.25 27.2 26.3 48-7 Shoots 0.80 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1 11.6 13.5

EXAMPLE 49 South Enchanter's Nightshade

TABLE 92 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Conc. Melanin Collagen synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) Control group Arbutin (200 ppm) TGFb (10 ppb) 35% 25% 49 South Circaea mollis South enchanter's Siebold & enchanter's nightshade Zucc. nightshade Comparative Cordata 50 Circaea Cordata Cordata 84.92 15.76 Example enchanter's nightshade 49-1 Whole plant 2 37.51 16.04 10 33.85 22.68 50 21.52 31.88 49-2 Roots 2 35.69 19.75 10 31.89 24.22 50 20.58 34.35 49-3 Stems 2 39.27 11.89 10 29.58 21.06 50 20.88 34.70 49-4 Leaves 2 34.92 17.84 10 30.89 21.26 50 24.75 31.58 49-5 Fruits 2 37.92 17.63 10 30.21 25.50 50 20.77 33.25 49-6 Flowers 2 38.52 17.02 10 32.44 38.82 50 20.91 33.14 Anti-inflammation Moisturizing Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. production (%) (%) L-NMMA (5 ppm) EGF (10 ppb) 28% 320% 49 Comparative 2.11 82.40 Example 49-1 21.59 400.02 25.26 478.55 27.96 767.34 49-2 25.72 355.34 28.16 447.18 34.60 654.97 49-3 21.43 363.29 31.27 409.44 36.11 737.06 49-4 26.40 357.85 29.24 484.90 38.05 621.21 49-5 22.60 280.84 33.99 529.37 38.86 789.95 49-6 22.50 384.53 27.66 468.93 37.28 614.21

TABLE 93 Anti-oxidation IC50 No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Control group Vitamin C 7.5 ppm 49 South Circaea mollis South enchanter's Siebold & enchanter's nightshade Zucc. nightshade Comparative Cordata Circaea Cordata Cordata 3.81 Example enchanter's nightshade 49-1 Whole plant 0.22 49-2 Roots 0.67 49-3 Stems 0.03 49-4 Leaves 0.03 49-5 Fruits 0.93 49-6 Flowers 0.21 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) Size of growth Size of growth Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Hexanediol Untreated Untreated Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A.niger 1% 49 Comparative MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 2 11.4 8.2 Example 49-1 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 25.2 20.8 0.125 49-2 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.125 14.8 13.9 49-3 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1 27.5 19.6 49-4 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 9.4 14.9 49-5 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 0.5 12.6 26.4 49-6 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 15.2 19.8 0.125

EXAMPLE 50 Long-Seed Willowherb

TABLE 94 Whitening Conc. Melanin No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) Control group Arbutin (200 ppm) 35% 50 Long-seed Epilobium Long-seed willowherb pyrricholophum willowherb Franch. & Sav. Comparative Willow herb 50 Epilobium 77.09 Example Angustifolium 50-1 Whole plant 2 37.44 10 36.73 50 30.18 50-2 Roots 2 36.95 10 27.26 50 23.37 50-3 Stems 2 37.70 10 28.71 50 20.98 50-4 Leaves 2 34.31 10 29.40 50 22.55 50-5 Fruits 2 36.94 10 31.57 50 21.68 50-6 Flowers 2 37.73 10 31.02 50 21.89 Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Moisturizing Collagen synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. (% of control) production (%) (%) TGFb (10 ppb) 25% L-NMMA (5 ppm) 28% EGF (10 ppb) 320% 50 Comparative 4.19 3.89 83.23 Example 50-1 10.27 20.52 294.93 16.25 24.97 337.84 25.92 30.19 440.70 50-2 16.83 22.42 252.06 28.23 28.55 577.26 36.60 39.95 602.36 50-3 10.49 22.70 356.82 29.58 27.27 419.73 32.44 36.82 656.87 50-4 13.21 23.28 309.86 22.99 31.42 497.72 36.94 38.17 608.79 50-5 10.39 21.86 292.71 29.84 30.92 408.55 31.70 35.24 759.80 50-6 18.51 26.27 272.12 27.36 31.85 523.59 35.72 37.51 779.15

TABLE 95 Anti-oxidation IC50 Anti-bacteria No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2% Fungi: A.niger 1% 50 Long-seed Epilobium Long-seed willowherb pyrricholophum willowherb Franch. & Sav. Comparative Willow herb Epilobium 3.34 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: >2 Example Angustifolium 50-1 Whole plant 1.76 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 0.5 50-2 Roots 0.61 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.125 50-3 Stems 0.76 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5 50-4 Leaves 0.91 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 50-5 Fruits 0.95 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 0.5 50-6 Flowers 0.49 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.25 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) Size of growth Size of growth inhibition ring inhibition ring No. (mm) (mm) Untreated 0 mm Untreated 0 mm 50 Comparative 8.4 9.6 Example 50-1 18.7 18.0 50-2 27.2 26.2 50-3 14.8 21.7 50-4 18.7 16.9 50-5 20.9 14.4 50-6 23.3 14.4

EXAMPLE 51 Evening Primrose

TABLE 96 Whitening Conc. Melanin No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) Control group Arbutin (200 ppm) 35% 51 Evening Primrose Oenothera biennis L Evening Primrose Comparative Baby Evening 50 Oenothera Laciniata 94.61 Example Primrose Comparative Evening Primrose 50 57.79 Example (other area) 51-1 Whole plant 2 39.09 10 32.01 50 25.30 51-2 Roots 2 36.95 10 30.69 50 23.42 51-3 Stems 2 36.29 10 28.25 50 26.83 51-4 Leaves 2 39.62 10 31.30 50 22.36 51-5 Fruits 2 38.13 10 34.15 50 31.67 51-6 Flowers 2 37.11 10 36.75 50 33.18 Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Moisturizing Collagen synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. (% of control) production (%) (%) TGFb (10 ppb) L-NMMA (5 ppm) EGF (10 ppb) 25% 28% 320% 51 Comparative 11.04 1.55 38.49 Example Comparative 19.76 13.57 223.99 Example 51-1 13.95 25.50 326.64 29.55 29.67 429.82 39.57 34.21 640.63 51-2 18.88 22.30 251.32 27.94 30.80 541.90 39.36 34.68 688.18 51-3 14.69 21.01 339.07 23.22 31.45 492.49 36.18 37.45 788.18 51-4 12.94 23.12 354.45 20.50 32.29 516.72 28.41 35.01 712.28 51-5 14.06 23.22 330.97 20.56 31.46 539.64 27.26 35.17 630.25 51-6 14.74 20.89 236.47 16.42 25.16 361.37 30.24 30.64 437.40

TABLE 97 Anti-oxidation IC50 Anti-bacteria No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol 2% 7.5 ppm 51 Evening Primrose Oenothera biennisL. Evening Bacteria: P.aeruginosa Primrose Comparative Baby Evening Oenothera Laciniata 5.14 Fungi: A.niger 1% Example Primrose Comparative Evening Primrose 2.21 Example (other area) 51-1 Whole plant 0.44 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: >2 51-2 Roots 0.55 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1 51-3 Stems 0.66 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.125 51-4 Leaves 0.62 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.125 51-5 Fruits 0.86 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5 51-6 Flowers 0.37 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 0.5 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.25 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) Size of growth Size of growth inhibition ring inhibition ring No. (mm) (mm) Untreated Untreated 0 mm 0 mm 51 Comparative 8.6 8.5 Example Comparative 14.8 15.3 Example 51-1 25.1 24.6 51-2 14.4 14.6 51-3 17.5 11.3 51-4 24.6 22.5 51-5 17.4 10.2 51-6 19.5 26.2

EXAMPLE 52 Stolon Golden Saxifrage

TABLE 98 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin Collagen synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin (200 ppm) TGFb (10 ppb) L-NMMA (5 ppm) EGF (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 52 Stolon golden Chrysosplenium Stolon golden saxifrage flagelliferum saxifrage F. Schmidt 52-1 Whole plant 2 36.59 14.26 21.63 231.94 10 32.17 20.06 29.07 540.11 50 21.60 31.87 35.53 658.17 52-2 Roots 2 36.59 19.79 23.84 386.69 10 29.86 22.99 29.34 565.77 50 20.02 39.37 35.88 712.63 52-3 Stems 2 36.03 17.00 20.24 350.77 10 30.24 22.42 27.65 585.34 50 24.79 37.40 35.59 732.85 52-4 Leaves 2 36.75 17.43 24.32 284.59 10 30.74 27.82 30.61 438.64 50 25.97 36.92 38.66 781.17 52-5 Fruits 2 36.98 12.00 24.68 244.28 10 29.57 20.62 32.56 471.22 50 20.64 33.33 36.77 727.23 52-6 Flowers 2 37.74 19.59 24.68 309.36 10 31.52 29.23 33.48 474.74 50 24.28 34.00 39.22 607.46

TABLE 99 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) Size of growth Size of growth Anti-oxidation Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name IC50 (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A.niger 1% 52 Stolon golden Chrysosplenium Stolon golden saxifrage flagelliferum F. saxifrage Schmidt 52-1 Whole plant 0.80 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 0.5 16.9 18.5 52-2 Roots 0.02 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 1 24.2 21.3 52-3 Stems 0.22 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 12.2 17.2 52-4 Leaves 0.34 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.25 17.8 10.9 52-5 Fruits 0.01 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 2 11.0 14.2 52-6 Flowers 0.89 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5 24.5 25.0

EXAMPLE 53 Serrate-Petal Rockfoil

TABLE 100 Conc. Whitening Melanin No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) Control group Arbutin (200 ppm) 35% 53 Serrate-petal Saxifraga fortunei Serrate-petal rockfoil var. incisolobata rockfoil (Engl. & Irmsch.) Nakai Comparative Saxifrage 50 Saxifraga Sarmentosa 75.71 Example 53-1 Whole plant 2 36.24 10 31.41 50 21.94 53-2 Roots 2 37.48 10 33.12 50 24.52 53-3 Stems 2 37.19 10 32.02 50 22.65 53-4 Leaves 2 35.51 10 33.45 50 20.29 53-5 Fruits 2 37.26 10 29.18 50 23.17 53-6 Flowers 2 36.25 10 33.27 50 25.30 Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Collagen synthesis Inhibition of NO Moisturizing No. (% of control) production (%) HA synthesis (%) TGFb (10 ppb) 25% L-NMMA (5 ppm) 28% EGF(10 ppb) 320% 53 Comparative 2.97 2.30 81.06 Example 53-1 14.99 24.26 304.59 29.39 29.47 432.81 36.98 36.25 722.55 53-2 14.15 21.98 391.12 24.91 33.02 485.04 36.48 36.27 718.62 53-3 16.78 21.00 348.27 25.75 31.39 535.01 32.13 34.94 680.48 53-4 11.60 26.25 221.32 26.97 30.95 538.37 38.26 37.93 789.68 53-5 11.61 26.72 389.54 22.17 29.96 524.36 33.69 35.59 600.26 53-6 15.69 21.10 319.30 22.89 32.94 501.22 31.21 34.93 739.52

TABLE 101 Anti-oxidation No. Sample Scientific name English name IC50 (%) Control group Vitamin C 7.5 ppm 53 Serrate-petal rockfoil Saxifraga fortunei var. Serrate-petal incisolobata (Engl. & Irmsch.) rockfoil Nakai Comparative Saxifrage Saxifraga Sarmentosa 4.65 Example 53-1 Whole plant 0.18 53-2 Roots 0.25 53-3 Stems 0.69 53-4 Leaves 0.07 53-5 Fruits 0.12 53-6 Flowers 0.12 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) Size of growth Size of growth No. Anti-bacteria MIC (%) inhibition ring (mm) inhibition ring (mm) Hexanediol Untreated 0 mm Untreated 0 mm Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2% Fungi: A.niger 1% 53 Comparative MIC (%) Bacteria: 2/Fungi: >2 10.5 10.8 Example 53-1 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1/Fungi: 1 26.1 23.1 53-2 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1 8.8 10.9 53-3 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 18.0 23.1 53-4 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.25 11.5 9.7 53-5 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1 25.6 18.3 53-6 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5 16.1 16.3

EXAMPLE 54 Ulleungdo Deadnettle

TABLE 102 Conc. Whitening Melanin No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) Control Group Arbutin (200 ppm) 35% 54 Ulleungdo Lamium takesimense Ulleungdo deadnettle NAKAI. deadnettle Comparative Deadnettle 50 Lamium Album 78.41 Example 54-1 Whole plant 2 35.02 10 28.57 50 23.28 54-2 Roots 2 37.32 10 27.09 50 25.40 54-3 Stems 2 37.23 10 33.64 50 26.37 54-4 Leaves 2 34.00 10 30.87 50 26.75 54-5 Fruits 2 34.98 10 27.73 50 20.69 54-6 Flowers 2 34.02 10 29.85 50 26.21 Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Collagen synthesis Inhibition of Moisturizing No. (% of control) NO production (%) HA synthesis (%) TGFb (10 ppb) 25% L-NMMA (5 ppm) 28% EGF (10 ppb) 320% 54 Comparative 10.29 3.06 54.28 Example 54-1 11.63 26.42 384.50 29.08 32.93 501.69 38.86 37.60 687.74 54-2 13.70 20.03 377.20 24.49 38.40 537.75 33.48 39.61 703.10 54-3 17.90 21.52 348.69 22.15 31.40 452.58 36.21 37.74 696.56 54-4 13.25 20.88 270.20 25.66 31.85 459.14 32.55 35.21 794.73 54-5 12.86 22.31 288.52 25.92 30.60 541.29 37.78 38.43 683.72 54-6 11.57 24.33 364.82 26.66 29.10 590.29 38.76 34.26 793.67

TABLE 103 Anti-oxidation No. Sample Scientific name English name IC50 (%) Control group Vitamin C 7.5 ppm 54 Ulleungdo Lamium takesimense Ulleungdo deadnettle NAKAI. deadnettle Comparative Deadnettle Lamium Album 5.58 Example 54-1 Whole plant 0.25 54-2 Roots 0.30 54-3 Stems 0.97 54-4 Leaves 0.50 54-5 Fruits 0.52 54-6 Flowers 0.70 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) Size of growth Size of growth Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Hexanediol Untreated 0 mm Untreated 0 mm Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2% Fungi: A.niger 1% 54 Comparative MIC (%) Bacteria: 2/Fungi: 2 9.2 8.7 Example 54-1 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5/Fungi: 0.25 18.7 18.9 54-2 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1 23.6 20.8 54-3 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 13.3 15.2 54-4 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125, Fungi: 0.5 15.3 14.2 54-5 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.25 8.3 15.5 54-6 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5 17.8 21.1

EXAMPLE 55 Island Ninebark

TABLE 104 Conc. Whitening Melanin No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) Control group Arbutin (200 ppm) 35% 55 Island ninebark Physocarpus insularis Island ninebark Comparative Amur ninebark 50 Amurensis 84.95 Example 55-1 Whole plant 2 39.08 10 31.54 50 21.39 55-2 Roots 2 35.36 10 27.67 50 25.98 55-3 Bark 2 37.40 10 31.43 50 22.56 55-4 Leaves 2 38.97 10 32.73 50 26.73 55-5 Fruits 2 34.72 10 31.37 50 26.66 55-6 Flowers 2 39.69 10 30.86 50 24.56 Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Collagen synthesis Inhibition of NO Moisturizing HA No. (% of control) production (%) synthesis (%) TGFb (10 ppb) 25% L-NMMA (5 ppm) 28% EGF (10 ppb) 320% 55 Comparative 12.40 1.37 37.94 Example 55-1 19.41 24.50 209.87 21.11 29.82 530.10 38.46 38.03 737.07 55-2 11.77 23.29 279.45 22.89 28.21 431.74 37.91 34.96 720.19 55-3 16.95 21.42 206.82 20.25 31.85 443.81 35.96 38.13 661.64 55-4 17.15 23.07 300.42 21.55 30.40 570.62 35.28 38.69 755.51 55-5 11.53 24.42 349.79 25.60 29.22 591.94 35.49 39.44 653.78 55-6 17.90 20.14 396.18 28.70 28.45 504.18 30.21 35.02 747.26

TABLE 105 Anti-oxidation Anti-bacteria No. Sample Scientific name English name IC50 (%) MIC (%) Control group Vitamin C 7.5 ppm Hexanediol Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2% Fungi: A.niger 1% 55 Island ninebark Physocarpus insularis Island ninebark Comparative Amur ninebark Physocarpus Amurensis 3.94 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2/Fungi: >2 Example 55-1 Whole plant 0.84 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5/Fungi: 0.25 55-2 Roots 0.42 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 2 55-3 Bark 0.03 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.125 55-4 Leaves 0.98 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5 55-5 Fruits 0.59 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 55-6 Flowers 0.43 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 2 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) Size of growth Size of growth No. inhibition ring (mm) inhibition ring (mm) Untreated 0 mm Untreated 0 mm 55 Comparative 9.2 8.1 Example 55-1 21.6 24.7 55-2 13.9 16.8 55-3 17.9 23.3 55-4 15.7 13.3 55-5 8.6 22.7 55-6 25.4 27.8

EXAMPLE 56 Island Corydalis

TABLE 106 Conc. Whitening No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name Melanin content (%) Control group Arbutin (200 ppm) 35% 56 Island corydalis Corydalis ilistipes Nakai Island corydalis Comparative Korean corydalis 50 Corydalis Turtschaninovii 91.92 Example 56-1 Whole plant 2 39.64 10 28.94 50 25.48 56-2 Roots 2 39.12 10 33.27 50 20.60 56-3 Stems 2 34.76 10 33.94 50 26.66 56-4 Leaves 2 38.58 10 27.73 50 21.32 56-5 Fruits 2 35.26 10 33.45 50 25.50 56-6 Flowers 2 38.37 10 28.41 50 25.38 Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflamm1ation Collagen synthesis Inhibition of NO Moisturizing No.1 (% of control) production (%) HA synthesis (%) TGFb (10 ppb) 25% L-NMMA (5 ppm) 28% EGF (10 ppb) 320% 56 Comparative 3.18 5.62 25.64 Example 56-1 15.87 20.04 356.83 20.92 30.49 412.62 32.77 39.74 772.97 56-2 13.74 24.42 328.98 25.94 29.40 583.96 30.62 38.45 674.76 56-3 12.57 21.91 331.05 27.51 31.72 545.46 31.17 25.08 604.62 56-4 13.76 23.35 258.94 23.44 33.96 560.31 31.11 34.68 717.89 56-5 17.70 23.70 327.70 28.79 33.41 449.69 30.96 37.80 784.95 56-6 13.41 23.30 302.66 29.21 32.15 479.57 39.24 36.54 658.20

TABLE 107 Sample Anti-oxidation No. Control group Scientific name English name IC50 (%) 56 Island corydalis Corydalis ilistipes Nakai Island corydalis Vitamin C 7.5 ppm Comparative Korean corydalis Corydalis Turtschaninovii 8.47 Example 56-1 Whole plant 0.97 56-2 Roots 0.44 56-3 Stems 0.38 56-4 Leaves 0.21 56-5 Fruits 0.91 56-6 Flowers 0.98 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria (S. mutans) (P .gingivalis) Anti-bacteria Size of growth Size of growth No. MIC (%) inhibition ring (mm) inhibition ring (mm) Hexanediol Untreated 0 mm Untreated 0 mm Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2% Fungi: A.niger 1% 56 Comparative MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: >2 9.0 11.9 Example 56-1 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1 25.9 27.1 56-2 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 0.25 13.4 18.6 56-3 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1 22.5 22.5 56-4 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 11.9 13.0 MIC (%)Fungi: 1 56-5 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 14.4 15.0 MIC (%)Fungi: 1 56-6 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 22.6 20.1 MIC (%)Fungi: 0.125

EXAMPLE 57 Ulleungdo Raspberry

TABLE 108 Conc. Whitening Melanin No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) Control group Arbutin (200 ppm) 57 Ulleungdo raspberry Rubus takesimensis Nakai Ulleungdo raspberry 88.26 Comparative Red raspberry 50 Rubus Idaeus Example 57-1 Whole plant 2 35.52 10 29.30 50 24.59 57-2 Roots 2 36.20 10 29.89 50 21.49 57-3 Stems 2 38.43 10 27.47 50 24.59 57-4 Leaves 2 34.68 10 30.08 50 26.54 57-5 Fruits 2 36.61 10 29.00 50 24.52 57-6 Flowers 2 34.33 10 32.63 50 26.10 Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Collagen synthesis Inhibition of Moisturizing No. (% of control) NO production (%) HA synthesis (%) TGFb (10 ppb) 25% L-NMMA (5 ppm) 28% EGF (10 ppb) 320% 57 Comparative 7.23 5.12 190.56 Example 57-1 18.45 21.88 212.06 20.35 31.14 599.34 35.92 37.45 799.77 57-2 15.02 25.11 269.16 20.18 30.97 533.24 32.12 38.29 618.28 57-3 19.94 21.47 325.60 28.81 29.09 593.48 37.81 35.85 749.63 57-4 10.77 25.35 332.91 23.47 29.94 534.11 30.48 39.26 755.38 57-5 18.20 24.11 305.69 28.90 30.69 402.85 34.50 34.28 650.34 57-6 10.21 26.64 302.50 26.70 32.16 432.22 34.64 39.21 600.75

TABLE 109 Anti-oxidation No. Sample Scientific name English name IC50 (%) Control group Vitamin C 7.5 ppm 57 Ulleungdo raspberry Rubus takesimensis Nakai Ulleungdo raspberry Comparative Red raspberry Rubus Idaeus 6.27 Example 57-1 Whole plant 0.56 57-2 Roots 0.19 57-3 Stems 0.76 57-4 Leaves 0.12 57-5 Fruits 0.67 57-6 Flowers 0.54 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) Anti-bacteria Size of growth Size of growth No. MIC (%) inhibition ring (mm) inhibition ring (mm) Hexanediol Bacteria: Untreated 0 mm Untreated 0 mm P.aeruginosa 2% Fungi: A.niger 1% 57 Comparative MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: >2 10.2 11.8 Example 57-1 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 0.125 24.5 27.2 57-2 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 0.5 15.9 14.6 57-3 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1 25.7 20.1 57-4 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 8.7 14.9 MIC (%)Fungi: 0.25 57-5 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 21.4 10.9 MIC (%)Fungi: 0.5 57-6 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 26.7 16.6 MIC (%)Fungi: 0.125

EXAMPLE 58 Korea Dystaenia

TABLE 110 No. Sample Conc. (ppm) Scientific name English name Whitening Melanin content (%) Control group Arbutin (200 ppm) 35% 58 Korea Dystaenia Dystaenia takeshimana (Nakai) Kitag Korea Dystaenia 58-1 Whole plant 2 35.79 10 32.36 50 22.51 58-2 Roots 2 35.98 10 27.66 50 26.02 58-3 Stems 2 39.54 10 27.23 50 25.44 58-4 Leaves 2 34.93 10 33.42 50 28.82 58-5 Fruits 2 39.71 10 28.30 50 23.78 58-6 Flowers 2 38.83 10 33.66 50 21.78 Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Collagen synthesis Inhibition of Moisturizing No. (% of control) NO production (%) HA synthesis (%) TGFb (10 ppb) 25% L-NMMA (5 ppm) 28% EGF(10 ppb) 320% 58 58-1 16.06 21.05 275.71 23.15 29.41 498.69 35.58 38.15 664.44 58-2 10.72 21.58 351.33 20.10 31.30 500.37 30.30 33.63 679.52 58-3 15.38 20.69 279.07 20.58 29.96 541.11 32.18 32.74 764.16 58-4 17.47 24.88 363.53 27.98 28.56 526.76 31.77 33.08 731.21 58-5 15.34 23.59 241.39 21.95 32.68 462.67 36.43 37.84 727.07 58-6 15.88 23.60 267.02 23.59 31.40 469.70 34.97 37.17 758.76

TABLE 111 Anti-oxidation No. Sample Scientific name English name IC50 (%) Control group Vitamin C 7.5 ppm 58 Korea Dystaenia Dystaenia takeshimana (Nakai) Korea Dystaenia Kitag 58-1 Whole plant 0.43 58-2 Roots 0.55 58-3 Stems 0.87 58-4 Leaves 0.20 58-5 Fruits 0.89 58-6 Flowers 0.99 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) Size of growth Size of growth No. Anti-bacteria MIC (%) inhibition ring (mm) inhibition ring (mm) Hexanediol Untreated 0 mm Untreated 0 mm Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2% 58 Fungi: A.niger 1% 58-1 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1 24.1 21.3 58-2 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 2 10.9 14.5 58-3 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1 9.2 14.2 58-4 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 18.7 22.7 MIC (%)Fungi: 0.25 58-5 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 10.2 20.4 MIC (%)Fungi: 0.5 58-6 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 20.7 25.7 MIC (%)Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 59 Ulleungdo Violet

TABLE 112 Whitening Melanin No. Sample Conc. (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) Control group Arbutin (200 ppm) 35% 59 Ulleungdo violet Viola takeshimana Nakai Ulleungdo violet Comparative Sweet violet 50 Viola Odorata 72.36 Example 59-1 Whole plant 2 36.20 10 27.81 50 20.44 59-2 Roots 2 35.90 10 27.60 50 20.85 59-3 Stems 2 38.00 10 29.56 50 23.42 59-4 Leaves 2 36.74 10 29.59 50 23.06 59-5 Fruits 2 37.12 10 32.95 50 23.64 59-6 Flowers 2 36.73 10 29.50 50 23.17 Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Collagen synthesis Inhibition of NO Moisturizing No. (% of control) production (%) HA synthesis (%) TGFb (10 ppb) 25% L-NMMA (5 ppm) 28% EGF (10 ppb) 320% 59 Comparative 3.74 1.27 120.35 Example 59-1 18.78 20.81 238.64 22.90 29.75 466.01 34.29 37.07 645.23 59-2 12.12 24.70 252.05 22.60 31.00 515.36 30.47 39.79 705.18 59-3 19.02 24.47 277.01 20.95 27.13 575.38 33.36 37.89 658.51 59-4 17.43 24.13 363.57 21.49 31.24 562.86 33.71 38.37 758.61 59-5 17.33 25.50 231.00 29.72 28.22 463.26 38.03 37.08 611.11 59-6 17.77 26.96 398.74 24.68 33.30 410.85 30.30 38.10 675.69

TABLE 113 Anti-oxidation No. Sample Scientific name English name IC50 (%) Control group Vitamin C 7.5 ppm 59 Ulleungdo violet Viola takeshimana Nakai Ulleungdo violet Comparative Sweet violet Viola Odorata 9.21 Example 59-1 Whole plant 0.25 59-2 Roots 0.84 59-3 Stems 0.87 59-4 Leaves 0.51 59-5 Fruits 0.49 59-6 Flowers 0.21 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) Size of growth Size of growth No. Anti-bacteria MIC (%) inhibition ring (mm) inhibition ring (mm) Hexanediol Untreated 0 mm Untreated 0 mm Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2% Fungi: A.niger 1% 59 Comparative MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 2 17.5 19.8 Example 59-1 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1 21.0 23.7 59-2 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 2 20.2 18.4 59-3 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1 25.3 20.4 59-4 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 14.6 11.7 MIC (%)Fungi: 0.25 59-5 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 20.2 10.1 MIC (%)Fungi: 0.5 59-6 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 12.7 9.0 MIC (%)Fungi: 0.125

EXAMPLE 60 Spindle Tree

TABLE 114 Whitening Melanin No. Sample Conc. (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) Control group Arbutin (200 ppm) 35% 60 Spindle Tree Euonymus japonicus Thunb. Spindle Tree Comparative Korean spindle tree 50 Euonymus sachalinensis 82.34 Example 60-1 Whole plant 2 39.32 10 29.75 50 22.60 60-2 Roots 2 36.51 10 30.47 50 22.95 60-3 Stems 2 37.09 10 29.16 50 20.86 60-4 Leaves 2 35.66 10 31.48 50 24.43 60-5 Fruits 2 37.26 10 29.84 50 25.04 60-6 Flowers 2 34.37 10 27.81 50 20.01 Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Collagen synthesis Inhibition of Moisturizing HA No. (% of control) NO production (%) synthesis (%) TGFb (10 ppb) 25% L-NMMA (5 ppm) 28% EGF (10 ppb) 320% 60 Comparative 1.12 2.54 56.34 Example 60-1 16.61 23.11 380.72 20.02 27.40 505.95 34.72 36.75 604.95 60-2 11.00 26.36 392.74 29.61 29.51 600.41 34.27 35.80 730.26 60-3 19.05 23.14 202.93 20.25 27.84 414.03 37.18 37.54 648.42 60-4 16.85 24.69 282.19 29.43 27.19 453.32 38.83 37.66 642.30 60-5 11.81 23.89 208.93 22.01 28.10 533.39 31.57 38.76 629.87 60-6 13.44 23.24 325.66 20.40 29.56 483.29 30.11 38.91 793.18

TABLE 115 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 60 Spindle Tree Euonymus japonicus Spindle Tree Thunb. Comparative Korean Euonymus 2.98 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 9.7 9.1 Example spindle tree sachalinensis MIC (%) Fungi: 1 60-1 Whole plant 0.13 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 18.2 20.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625 60-2 Roots 0.43 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 10.5 12.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 60-3 Stems 0.50 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 11.9 13.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 60-4 Leaves 0.75 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 25.8 20.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 60-5 Fruits 0.81 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 11.0 10.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 60-6 Flowers 0.40 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 26.8 19.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 61 Crimson Grapevine

TABLE 116 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Melanin Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Conc. content synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 61 Crimson Vitis coignetiae Crimson grapevine Pulliat ex Planch. grapevine Comparative Grape 50 Vitis Vinifera 95.32 3.34 2.56 76.43 Example (Grape) Fruit Water Comparative Crimson 50 57.82 15.36 14.45 165.33 Example grapevine (other area) 61-1 Whole plant 2 32.22 15.88 25.98 408.55 10 25.14 20.19 41.07 683.78 50 14.44 42.33 55.90 849.00 61-2 Roots 2 32.08 18.83 21.04 344.14 10 23.78 25.79 28.65 415.52 50 35.87 30.71 35.03 682.84 61-3 Stems 2 32.50 12.01 22.60 291.68 10 23.71 23.88 27.88 574.32 50 39.42 36.04 34.97 750.46 61-4 Leaves 2 30.02 15.03 23.12 248.58 10 21.78 28.06 27.60 495.36 50 37.37 30.68 38.63 613.55 61-5 Fruits 2 31.99 14.81 24.60 221.57 10 24.21 27.48 31.27 400.96 50 34.37 38.59 38.41 760.87 61-6 Flowers 2 27.81 13.44 25.49 331.35 10 20.01 20.40 28.11 454.63 50 30.11 35.49 794.05

TABLE 117 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 61 Crimson Vitis coignetiae Crimson grapevine Pulliat ex Planch. grapevine Comparative Grape Vitis Vinifera 2.98 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2 0.0 0.0 Example (Grape) Fruit Water MIC (%) Fungi: >2 Comparative Crimson grapevine 3.77 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2 8.2 9.4 Example (other area) MIC (%) Fungi: 1 61-1 Whole plant 0.65 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 17.3 16.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 61-2 Roots 0.30 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 13.4 17.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 61-3 Stems 0.74 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 23.4 21.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 61-4 Leaves 0.59 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 17.2 17.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 61-5 Fruits 0.41 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 11.8 16.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 61-6 Flowers 0.28 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 17.1 21.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625

EXAMPLE 62 Aralia Continentalis

TABLE 118 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Melanin Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Conc. content synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 62 Aralia Aralia cordata Aralia continentalis var. continentalis continentalis (Kitag.) Y. C. Chu Comparative American 50 Aralia Racemosa 89.23 5.23 5.34 66.87 Example spikenard Comparative Aralia 50 66.58 12.61 12.60 105.41 Example continentalis (other area) 62-1 Whole plant 2 39.28 14.41 25.98 317.84 10 31.42 26.00 31.07 507.23 50 23.10 38.66 35.90 626.10 62-2 Roots 2 37.60 19.53 21.04 214.14 10 28.26 24.36 28.65 590.21 50 23.13 36.31 35.03 608.17 62-3 Stems 2 36.58 11.61 22.60 245.41 10 31.58 29.45 27.88 452.94 50 26.32 35.33 34.97 761.80 62-4 Leaves 2 37.43 14.78 23.12 394.75 10 28.61 20.46 27.60 426.68 50 21.28 30.12 38.63 650.68 62-5 Fruits 2 39.19 17.14 24.60 259.10 10 28.96 20.59 31.27 492.63 50 24.77 32.77 38.41 625.32 62-6 Flowers 2 34.37 13.44 20.43 276.09 10 27.81 20.40 32.34 455.01 50 20.01 30.11 35.96 627.68

TABLE 119 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 62 Aralia Aralia cordata Aralia continentalis var. continentalis continentalis (Kitag.) Y. C. Chu Comparative American Aralia Racemosa 3.23 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2 9.6 9.6 Example spikenard MIC (%) Fungi: >2 Comparative Aralia 3.42 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 10.2 11.5 Example continentalis (other area) MIC (%) Fungi: 2 62-1 Whole plant 0.45 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 19.3 24.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 62-2 Roots 0.46 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 8.5 8.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 62-3 Stems 0.11 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 11.9 13.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 62-4 Leaves 0.79 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 25.4 24.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 62-5 Fruits 0.46 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 11.5 9.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625 62-6 Flowers 0.13 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 18.8 8.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 63 Japanese Angelica

TABLE 120 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Melanin Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Conc. content synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 Ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 63 Japanese Aralia elata Japanese Angelica (Miq.) Seem. Angelica Comparative American 50 Aralia Racemosa 89.23 5.23 5.34 66.87 Example spikenard Comparative Japanese 50 76.58 16.85 11.60 244.41 Example Angelica (other area) 63-1 Whole plant 2 39.81 19.60 23.91 296.54 10 33.97 22.11 32.00 454.69 50 26.10 37.22 37.55 769.13 63-2 Roots 2 34.90 13.86 20.55 290.93 10 32.78 24.54 32.39 455.13 50 25.51 31.82 34.95 779.22 63-3 Stems 2 36.66 18.28 21.70 205.08 10 30.99 29.99 30.41 465.64 50 20.28 34.15 37.03 635.56 63-4 Leaves 2 38.92 12.68 24.53 255.20 10 29.01 26.37 33.64 544.83 50 20.79 38.33 34.47 610.78 63-5 Fruits 2 37.27 16.63 25.55 361.49 10 33.82 28.20 32.69 519.50 50 24.26 39.00 39.16 602.39 63-6 Flowers 2 34.37 13.44 25.97 296.88 10 27.81 20.40 29.67 516.40 50 20.01 30.11 39.88 750.27 63-7 Shoots 2 39.07 15.89 22.17 352.19 10 33.76 22.69 28.37 549.85 50 22.00 35.56 38.97 666.01

TABLE 121 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 63 Japanese Aralia elata Japanese Angelica (Miq.) Seem. Angelica Comparative American Aralia Racemosa 3.23 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2 8.0 9.9 Example spikenard MIC (%) Fungi: >2 Comparative Japanese 2.31 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 8.8 9.7 Example Angelica (other area) MIC (%) Fungi: 1 63-1 Whole plant 0.89 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 17.9 19.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 63-2 Roots 0.73 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 16.4 19.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 63-3 Stems 0.39 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 22.3 23.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 63-4 Leaves 0.67 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 12.5 14.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 63-5 Fruits 0.52 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 22.6 21.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625 63-6 Flowers 0.65 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 15.7 11.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 63-7 Shoots 0.75 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 11.4 8.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125

EXAMPLE 64 Glossy-Leaf Paper Plant

TABLE 122 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Melanin Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Conc. content synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 64 Glossy-leaf Fatsia japonica Glossy-leaf paper plant (Thunb.) Decne. & paper plant Planch. Comparative Glossy-leaf 50 86.58 2.42 11.60 114.41 Example paper plant (other area) 64-1 Whole plant 2 37.45 18.61 20.13 245.46 10 32.44 24.19 28.16 540.61 50 24.25 36.65 35.63 666.75 64-2 Roots 2 38.41 15.81 23.24 279.07 10 28.06 27.97 28.95 495.20 50 20.21 30.82 36.33 723.24 64-3 Stems 2 36.77 12.06 20.47 348.86 10 31.45 22.99 33.78 408.25 50 26.52 34.91 34.35 636.95 64-4 Leaves 2 37.25 16.73 24.24 225.89 10 32.73 27.21 28.14 458.51 50 26.18 32.93 38.26 642.56 64-5 Fruits 2 34.35 19.97 25.27 253.57 10 28.91 24.20 33.72 469.64 50 26.77 34.82 38.94 686.57 64-6 Flowers 2 34.37 13.44 25.79 292.97 10 27.81 20.40 32.55 469.32 50 20.01 30.11 36.38 708.80

TABLE 123 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 64 Glossy-leaf Fatsia japonica Glossy-leaf paper plant (Thunb.) Decne. & paper plant Planch. Comparative Glossy-leaf 1.56 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2 10.4 8.5 Example paper plant (other area) MIC (%) Fungi: 1 64-1 Whole plant 0.71 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 22.0 25.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 64-2 Roots 0.38 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 18.4 14.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 64-3 Stems 0.76 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 18.4 16.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625 64-4 Leaves 0.72 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 24.0 23.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 64-5 Fruits 0.87 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 11.9 12.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 64-6 Flowers 0.23 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 10.0 15.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 65 Three-Leaf Clematis

TABLE 124 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Melanin Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Conc. content synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 65 Three-leaf Clematis apiifolia Three-leaf clematis DC. clematis Comparative Clematis 50 Clematis Vitalba 85.54 10.47 2.38 65.47 Example 65-1 Whole plant 2 37.52 13.96 24.37 259.29 10 28.36 23.80 30.85 517.54 50 25.35 39.09 39.71 610.96 65-2 Roots 2 37.84 14.46 22.23 346.50 10 29.96 21.33 27.40 481.97 50 26.52 33.97 34.78 666.78 65-3 Stems 2 37.03 12.60 24.12 247.92 10 33.98 23.25 32.15 524.23 50 26.87 35.49 36.74 605.86 65-4 Leaves 2 34.16 13.84 22.63 233.90 10 31.93 20.54 32.12 411.84 50 21.90 39.60 35.02 612.26 65-5 Fruits 2 37.95 11.39 26.47 302.07 10 31.47 20.52 32.26 574.17 50 23.59 33.71 36.38 710.86 65-6 Flowers 2 36.25 16.47 26.71 386.59 10 32.25 29.84 28.47 557.17 50 25.58 35.29 35.98 734.71

TABLE 125 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 65 Three-leaf Clematis apiifolia Three-leaf clematis DC. clematis Comparative Clematis Clematis Vitalba 7.48 MIC (%) Bacteria, 9.2 8.8 Example Fungi: >2 65-1 Whole plant 0.07 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 21.6 24.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 65-2 Roots 0.26 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 21.6 11.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 65-3 Stems 0.17 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 14.9 15.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 65-4 Leaves 0.08 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 21.3 9.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 65-5 Fruits 0.13 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 26.2 14.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 65-6 Flowers 0.05 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 17.1 15.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625

EXAMPLE 66 Lyre-Leaf Nightshade

TABLE 126 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Melanin Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Conc. content synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 66 Lyre-leaf Solanum lyratum Lyre-leaf nightshade Thunb. nightshade Comparative Tomato 50 Solanum 93.21 7.28 2.14 84.19 Example Lycopersicum 66-1 Whole plant 2 36.68 16.83 20.25 239.79 10 32.11 27.46 30.93 423.49 50 23.19 37.75 35.93 777.92 66-2 Roots 2 36.65 15.33 20.40 314.55 10 28.42 28.98 28.38 598.91 50 23.93 31.59 39.09 750.34 66-3 Stems 2 34.70 19.09 26.61 245.91 10 31.98 23.39 33.86 458.53 50 22.20 31.38 34.41 685.22 66-4 Leaves 2 38.13 11.21 22.50 284.06 10 32.90 27.05 29.51 519.30 50 24.98 38.60 39.10 753.34 66-5 Fruits 2 34.68 17.96 24.33 400.53 10 27.49 23.68 31.23 443.47 50 24.80 34.55 37.69 606.11 66-6 Flowers 2 34.98 11.31 21.80 341.11 10 28.55 27.01 29.28 576.44 50 25.17 33.24 36.70 794.68

TABLE 127 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 66 Lyre-leaf Solanum lyratum Lyre-leaf nightshade Thunb. nightshade Comparative Tomato Solanum 3.29 MIC (%) Bacteria, 0.0 0.0 Example Lycopersicum Fungi: >2 66-1 Whole plant 0.11 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 20.5 15.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 66-2 Roots 0.13 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 10.0 14.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 66-3 Stems 0.17 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 16.1 22.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 66-4 Leaves 0.09 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 26.4 14.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 66-5 Fruits 0.14 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 23.5 25.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 66-6 Flowers 0.07 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 12.7 20.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625

EXAMPLE 67 Ivy Morning Glory

TABLE 128 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Melanin Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Conc. content synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 67 Ivy Calystegia hederacea Ivy morning glory Wall. morning glory Comparative Convolvulus 50 Calystegia Sepium 85.14 15.56 5.33 64.52 Example 67-1 Whole plant 2 38.64 16.33 25.11 235.21 10 32.30 24.08 32.94 406.90 50 21.02 36.03 38.04 627.45 67-2 Roots 2 34.06 10.35 23.95 329.07 10 33.40 24.23 32.64 583.00 50 21.07 31.04 39.75 714.13 67-3 Stems 2 35.55 18.48 25.12 349.26 10 28.21 28.01 32.23 405.88 50 24.42 30.25 39.96 669.08 67-4 Leaves 2 39.22 15.54 21.55 348.95 10 32.63 25.59 32.70 526.26 50 23.85 39.02 37.20 650.78 67-5 Fruits 2 35.41 15.59 20.04 300.06 10 32.56 28.31 32.67 416.83 50 26.07 32.69 36.37 794.47 67-6 Flowers 2 36.27 19.81 23.38 276.47 10 28.45 20.56 31.48 586.01 50 20.28 36.45 37.17 662.34 67-7 Shoots 2 36.98 12.58 23.24 242.25 10 30.33 22.60 31.52 589.80 50 23.23 31.32 37.31 695.08 67-8 Underground 2 36.20 11.17 25.75 355.04 stems 10 31.55 22.27 31.74 536.31 50 26.13 33.26 37.62 705.69

TABLE 129 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 67 Ivy Calystegia hederacea Ivy morning glory Wall. morning glory Comparative Convolvulus Calystegia Sepium 7.69 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 8.1 11.1 Example Fungi: 1 67-1 Whole plant 0.25 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 26.1 27.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 67-2 Roots 0.27 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 18.5 20.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 67-3 Stems 0.32 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 12.7 24.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 67-4 Leaves 0.24 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 14.3 25.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 67-5 Fruits 0.19 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 22.0 15.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 67-6 Flowers 0.26 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 21.5 17.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 67-7 Shoots 0.27 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 21.0 20.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 67-8 Underground 0.89 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 9.0 22.9 stems MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 68 Beach Morning Glory

TABLE 130 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Melanin Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Conc. content synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 68 Beach Calystegia soldanella Beach morning glory (L.) Roem & Schult. morning glory Comparative Convolvulus 50 Calystegia Sepium 85.14 15.56 5.33 64.52 Example 68-1 Whole plant 2 38.02 17.78 25.89 276.45 10 31.51 26.14 33.55 429.08 50 23.85 32.15 37.39 746.07 68-2 Roots 2 39.44 11.12 22.08 231.29 10 28.06 29.12 33.41 581.52 50 24.66 31.50 34.77 760.42 68-3 Stems 2 37.85 16.50 22.92 399.08 10 31.67 24.51 30.99 578.28 50 21.36 32.89 38.80 708.35 68-4 Leaves 2 37.60 10.55 25.30 321.80 10 28.42 27.50 31.05 592.86 50 26.17 35.64 36.35 645.27 68-5 Fruits 2 34.78 17.61 21.45 389.10 10 27.14 28.27 32.01 401.26 50 21.73 32.35 39.56 606.85 68-6 Flowers 2 39.99 11.60 24.37 396.05 10 30.69 28.93 28.78 553.19 50 26.96 35.80 37.03 692.82 68-7 Shoots 2 37.02 17.85 24.52 267.00 10 33.34 27.70 33.75 541.63 50 22.71 31.02 34.83 793.25 68-8 Underground 2 38.57 14.04 23.21 244.39 stems 10 32.36 28.32 31.65 589.79 50 23.13 31.38 36.58 786.22

TABLE 131 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 68 Beach Calystegia soldanella Beach morning glory (L.) Roem. & Schult. morning glory Comparative Convolvulus Calystegia Sepium 7.69 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 8.9 9.4 Example Fungi: 1 68-1 Whole plant 0.14 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 19.8 16.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 68-2 Roots 0.29 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 26.3 14.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 68-3 Stems 0.16 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 17.6 13.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 68-4 Leaves 0.21 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 22.0 9.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 68-5 Fruits 0.09 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 14.9 10.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625 68-6 Flowers 0.07 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 16.3 26.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625 68-7 Shoots 0.21 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 21.5 12.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 68-8 Underground 0.85 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 15.4 10.7 stems MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 69 East Asian Beautyberry

TABLE 132 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Melanin Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Conc. content synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 69 East Asian Callicarpa japonica East Asian beautyberry Thunb. beautyberry Comparative Purple 50 Callicarpa Dichotoma 74.64 15.12 2.41 54.26 Example beautyberry 69-1 Whole plant 2 39.15 15.22 26.94 400.97 10 31.26 20.91 28.04 577.41 50 21.32 36.26 36.46 695.41 69-2 Roots 2 38.49 17.26 21.19 209.06 10 27.03 28.92 30.16 480.34 50 24.94 36.82 39.89 672.78 69-3 Stems 2 35.78 11.06 21.65 273.62 10 27.98 27.69 31.54 451.81 50 21.62 36.69 35.57 742.09 69-4 Leaves 2 36.83 12.80 20.45 275.43 10 27.38 27.16 25.17 498.65 50 26.57 30.10 30.51 661.64 69-5 Fruits 2 34.78 12.00 20.71 244.98 10 29.89 21.03 32.88 466.34 50 20.89 32.39 39.78 775.51 69-6 Flowers 2 34.53 12.54 24.08 356.14 10 29.80 29.54 27.48 559.12 50 21.53 36.73 37.04 727.81

TABLE 133 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 69 East Asian Callicarpa japonica East Asian beautyberry Thunb. beautyberry Comparative Purple Callicarpa Dichotoma 3.22 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 11.5 11.0 Example beautyberry Fungi: 2 69-1 Whole plant 0.14 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 25.5 20.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 69-2 Roots 0.19 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 17.3 14.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 69-3 Stems 0.15 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 13.6 12.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 69-4 Leaves 0.21 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 11.5 12.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 69-5 Fruits 0.08 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 25.3 25.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625 69-6 Flowers 0.04 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 9.1 19.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625

EXAMPLE 70 Korean Mint

TABLE 134 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Melanin Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Conc. content synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 70 Korean mint Agastache rugosa Korean mint (Fisch. & C. A. Mev) Kuntze Comparative Anise hyssop 50 Agastache Foeniculum 93.66 8.54 3.15 32.80 Example 70-1 Whole plant 2 37.70 12.32 20.50 348.18 10 29.90 29.00 33.30 473.40 50 25.29 37.87 34.03 719.57 70-2 Roots 2 37.78 10.19 26.81 281.13 10 30.20 29.57 31.81 411.91 50 21.84 39.06 39.55 788.31 70-3 Stems 2 37.46 19.38 24.92 368.86 10 29.99 25.20 33.96 549.40 50 24.99 30.60 35.82 763.35 70-4 Leaves 2 36.23 17.25 24.54 218.66 10 30.26 29.65 30.89 542.20 50 25.01 31.94 34.40 754.76 70-5 Fruits 2 35.27 13.94 26.74 272.11 10 30.59 28.81 29.95 405.97 50 26.97 33.09 36.94 693.34 70-6 Flowers 2 36.66 19.88 21.38 261.56 10 29.81 26.47 28.47 418.52 50 25.43 35.27 36.54 622.59

TABLE 135 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 70 Korean mint Agastache rugosa Korean mint (Fisch. & C. A. Mev) Kuntze Comparative Anise hyssop Agastache Foeniculum 6.34 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2 9.6 8.4 Example MIC (%) Fungi: 2 70-1 Whole plant 0.31 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 15.5 16.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 70-2 Roots 0.90 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 14.9 16.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 70-3 Stems 0.85 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 13.4 10.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 70-4 Leaves 0.72 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 10.4 11.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 70-5 Fruits 0.59 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 12.5 12.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 70-6 Flowers 0.35 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 27.1 24.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 71 Small-Flower Asian Calamint

TABLE 136 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Melanin Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Conc. content synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 71 Small-flower Clinopodium chinense Small-flower Asian calamint var. parviflorum Asian calamint (Kudo) H. Hara 71-1 Whole plant 2 39.05 19.09 25.67 212.59 10 27.46 21.25 31.95 405.11 50 25.13 34.77 35.04 691.93 71-2 Roots 2 38.04 16.00 22.54 221.35 10 32.20 25.27 30.65 403.43 50 20.89 36.83 34.01 779.37 71-3 Stems 2 36.15 13.73 26.33 260.07 10 29.72 21.66 32.13 541.45 50 26.33 32.25 35.65 776.96 71-4 Leaves 2 34.47 15.37 26.86 342.94 10 28.65 28.42 33.18 507.66 50 23.97 33.54 34.53 691.76 71-5 Fruits 2 36.79 16.97 26.91 271.18 10 31.14 20.86 31.09 549.19 50 25.16 34.43 35.50 647.63 71-6 Flowers 2 34.71 17.31 21.22 220.91 10 31.93 26.59 29.99 497.80 50 25.02 31.59 38.60 634.77

TABLE 137 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 71 Small-flower Clinopodium chinense Small-flower Asian calamint var. parviflorum Asian calamint (Kudo) H. Hara 71-1 Whole plant 0.65 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 25.3 23.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 71-2 Roots 0.79 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 8.3 23.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 71-3 Stems 0.23 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 20.9 13.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 71-4 Leaves 0.70 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 19.9 27.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 71-5 Fruits 0.60 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 8.5 9.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 71-6 Flowers 0.16 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 13.4 23.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125

EXAMPLE 72 Henbit Deadnettle

TABLE 138 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Melanin Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Cone, content synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 72 Henbit Lamium amplexicaule Henbit deadnettle L. deadnettle Comparative Deadnettle 50 Lamium Album 95.57 11.23 4.43 31.32 Example 72-1 Whole plant 2 39.53 12.69 15.50 278.63 10 28.06 29.35 21.55 517.60 50 24.19 32.10 30.14 734.73 72-2 Roots 2 35.97 12.89 11.93 299.85 10 32.27 26.50 25.34 577.49 50 21.49 38.06 37.34 734.88 72-3 Stems 2 36.30 17.87 19.63 262.37 10 32.30 23.96 24.25 543.84 50 25.60 35.49 39.23 611.56 72-4 Leaves 2 36.90 10.45 10.39 238.11 10 31.07 27.41 25.75 475.57 50 26.92 31.72 36.24 776.24 72-5 Fruits 2 37.88 15.96 11.79 309.45 10 28.68 21.05 24.78 478.81 50 23.60 34.57 36.22 764.62 72-6 Flowers 2 38.78 14.63 16.55 382.92 10 31.88 25.75 27.35 514.77 50 26.62 30.18 36.64 778.50

TABLE 139 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 72 Henbit Lamium amplexicaule Henbit deadnettle L. deadnettle Comparative Deadnettle Lamium Album 5.56 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 8.5 8.1 Example MIC (%) Fungi: 1 72-1 Whole plant 0.58 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 17.3 15.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 72-2 Roots 0.82 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 17.6 9.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 72-3 Stems 0.81 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 13.0 16.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 72-4 Leaves 0.43 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 26.7 21.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 72-5 Fruits 0.79 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 25.6 22.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 72-6 Flowers 0.92 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 24.2 23.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 73 Oriental Motherwort

TABLE 140 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Melanin Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Conc. content synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 73 Oriental Leonurus japonicus Oriental motherwort Houtt. motherwort Comparative Leonurus cardiaca 50 Leonurus Cardiaca motherwort 77.38 11.28 2.17 98.89 Example 73-1 Whole plant 2 38.56 13.52 22.63 270.14 10 30.27 26.46 30.90 460.52 50 21.34 31.55 39.50 672.99 73-2 Roots 2 37.08 12.90 23.40 306.15 10 32.84 21.09 31.02 509.48 50 26.79 38.51 34.98 721.68 73-3 Stems 2 38.83 11.63 22.59 250.02 10 27.96 28.21 32.41 408.30 50 20.10 34.73 36.43 794.16 73-4 Leaves 2 34.19 16.99 21.10 367.30 10 28.67 29.49 28.95 436.15 50 20.15 36.68 35.28 653.08 73-5 Fruits 2 37.41 12.48 25.19 305.01 10 28.36 27.03 32.82 512.05 50 25.09 31.77 36.93 632.87 73-6 Flowers 2 34.89 19.74 23.81 285.12 10 29.61 29.34 27.81 576.37 50 20.20 37.44 34.72 795.79

TABLE 141 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 73 Oriental Leonurus japonicus Oriental motherwort Houtt. motherwort Comparative Leonurus cardiaca Leonurus Cardiaca motherwort 4.90 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2 8.6 12.6 Example MIC (%) Fungi: 2 73-1 Whole plant 0.35 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 26.2 22.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 73-2 Roots 0.49 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 26.5 20.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 73-3 Stems 0.64 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 10.0 11.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 73-4 Leaves 0.88 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 24.5 15.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 73-5 Fruits 0.21 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 11.7 19.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 73-6 Flowers 0.19 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 18.3 17.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625

EXAMPLE 74 Long-Stalk Low Meadow-Rue

TABLE 142 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Melanin Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Conc. content synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 74 Long-stalk low Thalictrum kemense Long-stalk low meadow-rue Fr. meadow-rue Comparative Columbine 50 Thalictrum 78.25 1.82 2.71 56.01 Example meadow rue aquilegiifolium 74-1 Whole plant 2 39.94 12.01 23.53 361.89 10 32.57 27.73 32.27 476.94 50 22.49 33.51 35.39 732.35 74-2 Roots 2 34.83 16.83 24.21 285.43 10 27.15 20.55 32.11 573.31 50 21.28 31.86 35.82 767.85 74-3 Stems 2 38.94 12.99 23.32 212.01 10 31.35 28.30 32.13 404.86 50 20.81 38.94 34.33 675.30 74-4 Leaves 2 39.63 19.63 26.34 358.95 10 29.32 20.42 31.61 489.81 50 26.18 31.66 38.66 663.75 74-5 Fruits 2 38.84 10.71 21.99 269.70 10 27.25 27.49 30.64 519.83 50 25.00 39.33 34.38 606.34 74-6 Flowers 2 36.99 10.91 20.25 204.87 10 32.22 22.45 29.59 477.59 50 25.36 38.40 36.91 759.73

TABLE 143 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 74 Long-stalk low Thalictrum kemense Long-stalk low meadow-rue Fr. meadow-rue Comparative Columbine Thalictrum 3.29 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 8.2 13.3 Example meadow rue aquilegiifolium MIC (%) Fungi: 1 74-1 Whole plant 0.31 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 15.1 21.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 74-2 Roots 0.71 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 14.9 18.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 74-3 Stems 0.46 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 9.0 9.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625 74-4 Leaves 0.06 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 18.6 26.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 74-5 Fruits 0.93 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 11.3 11.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 74-6 Flowers 0.81 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 26.3 9.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 75 Korean Spice Viburnum

TABLE 144 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Melanin Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Conc. content synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 75 Korean spice Viburnum carlesii Korean spice viburnum Hemsl. viburnum Comparative Linden 50 Viburnum Dilatatum 84.07 12.94 6.22 61.57 Example viburnum 75-1 Whole plant 2 34.82 11.78 26.91 210.15 10 27.05 28.23 30.44 542.08 50 21.00 34.30 38.98 662.25 75-2 Roots 2 35.93 11.98 20.09 375.86 10 31.12 25.74 31.19 598.44 50 22.62 30.83 39.49 758.04 75-3 Stems 2 36.85 18.80 22.62 261.05 10 31.59 28.02 31.42 525.80 50 22.87 36.08 39.55 662.72 75-4 Leaves 2 37.64 16.33 24.71 389.70 10 30.85 25.78 33.59 553.58 50 22.67 34.75 34.38 793.82 75-5 Fruits 2 38.79 15.15 20.85 336.66 10 27.83 20.80 28.28 575.45 50 25.71 32.51 35.56 792.88 75-6 Flowers 2 39.50 19.04 25.03 225.12 10 31.42 20.95 29.95 580.31 50 23.38 31.04 39.93 669.19

TABLE 145 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 75 Korean spice Viburnum carlesii Korean spice viburnum Hemsl. viburnum Comparative Linden Viburnum Dilatatum 5.95 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2 9.1 8.5 Example viburnum MIC (%) Fungi: 1 75-1 Whole plant 0.51 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 17.8 18.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 75-2 Roots 0.13 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 14.6 20.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625 75-3 Stems 0.40 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 9.0 8.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 75-4 Leaves 0.07 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 18.0 15.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 75-5 Fruits 0.21 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 8.6 18.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 75-6 Flowers 0.29 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 20.7 16.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 76 Asian Greater Celandine

TABLE 146 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-nflammation Melanin Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Conc. content synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 76 Asian greater Chelidonium majus Asian greater celandine var. asiaticum celandine (H. Hara) Ohwi 76-1 Whole plant 2 39.13 15.19 23.36 312.25 10 32.88 19.55 33.44 439.24 50 25.55 25.23 38.57 687.41 76-2 Roots 2 36.37 17.69 23.81 320.67 10 30.79 20.97 33.09 467.14 50 23.25 38.50 37.65 600.48 76-3 Stems 2 37.22 7.57 11.82 299.32 10 32.82 14.19 14.78 347.45 50 23.42 18.46 24.50 422.77 76-4 Leaves 2 35.35 7.31 10.46 296.07 10 30.59 19.35 18.97 529.14 50 22.15 28.31 28.18 695.56 76-5 Fruits 2 37.67 9.85 9.20 370.18 10 29.00 13.51 18.96 440.31 50 26.18 26.63 25.44 736.00 76-6 Flowers 2 36.92 7.69 23.57 317.83 10 28.86 10.97 28.82 535.06 50 24.30 18.50 39.20 757.37

TABLE 147 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 76 Asian greater Chelidonium majus Asian greater celandine var. asiaticum celandine (H. Hara) Ohwi 76-1 Whole plant 1.23 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 26.7 25.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 76-2 Roots 0.66 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 21.2 26.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 76-3 Stems 0.96 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 12.2 14.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 76-4 Leaves 0.53 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 18.6 18.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 76-5 Fruits 0.38 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 10.3 14.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 76-6 Flowers 0.13 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13 22.9 24.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.06

EXAMPLE 77 Seashore Spatulate Aster

TABLE 148 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Melanin Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Conc. content synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 77 Seashore Aster spathulifolius Seashore spatulate aster Maxim. spatulate aster Comparative Edible aster 50 Aster Scaber 98.28 14.55 1.65 224.15 Example 77-1 Whole plant 2 48.29 8.37 25.85 223.26 10 33.34 15.53 29.34 567.40 50 28.71 29.88 34.47 687.82 77-2 Roots 2 39.11 14.86 23.83 177.39 10 30.82 25.72 27.77 320.56 50 25.02 37.92 35.11 552.69 77-3 Stems 2 34.69 10.71 26.48 160.79 10 30.62 21.81 30.43 240.30 50 20.66 31.94 36.47 400.56 77-4 Leaves 2 36.76 10.31 23.93 155.15 10 27.20 24.88 28.24 265.59 50 21.94 31.69 39.13 415.56 77-5 Fruits 2 39.15 13.67 24.16 343.58 10 30.46 29.49 28.57 557.15 50 23.01 37.04 34.91 768.94 77-6 Flowers 2 24.92 19.52 24.58 201.60 10 20.86 24.74 31.07 566.81 50 16.09 39.88 37.98 731.69

TABLE 149 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 77 Seashore Aster spathulifolius Seashore spatulate aster Maxim. spatulate aster Comparative Edible aster Aster Scaber 4.99 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2 8.5 9.5 Example MIC (%) Fungi: 2 77-1 Whole plant 0.63 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 19.7 23.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 77-2 Roots 0.62 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 11.0 19.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 77-3 Stems 0.92 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 12.1 13.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 77-4 Leaves 0.62 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 15.3 16.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 77-5 Fruits 0.34 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 11.8 13.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 77-6 Flowers 0.07 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.06 25.4 27.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.13

EXAMPLE 78 Leopard Plant

TABLE 150 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Melanin Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Conc. content synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 78 Leopard plant Farfugium japonicum Leopard plant (L.) Kitam. 78-1 Whole plant 2 37.02 17.49 24.96 381.68 10 31.43 25.66 28.41 449.98 50 23.44 29.02 33.29 530.61 78-2 Roots 2 39.65 10.71 22.53 213.51 10 29.48 26.00 31.81 425.37 50 24.20 39.45 36.67 653.00 78-3 Stems 2 36.68 19.39 24.79 304.91 10 28.39 25.17 32.37 403.42 50 20.37 37.80 36.68 603.67 78-4 Leaves 2 38.43 16.88 25.17 217.55 10 19.63 24.29 31.88 507.84 50 10.16 39.11 42.41 730.68 78-5 Fruits 2 37.46 12.23 20.48 271.20 10 28.86 21.41 28.30 540.80 50 23.14 28.98 37.67 695.19 78-6 Flowers 2 34.49 10.43 12.89 215.10 10 26.09 29.71 20.46 465.45 50 21.14 34.95 29.30 587.74

TABLE 151 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 78 Leopard plant Farfugium japonicum Leopard plant (L.) Kitam. 78-1 Whole plant 0.97 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 19.7 17.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 2 78-2 Roots 0.91 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 11.6 27.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 78-3 Stems 0.47 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13 14.3 13.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 78-4 Leaves 0.22 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.06 21.6 19.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.13 78-5 Fruits 0.53 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 18.8 9.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 78-6 Flowers 0.98 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 17.8 23.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 1

EXAMPLE 79 Oriental Yellowhead

TABLE 152 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Melanin Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Conc. content synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 79 Oriental Inula britannica Oriental yellowhead var. japonica yellowhead (Thunb.) Franch. & Sav. Comparative Elecampane 50 Inula Helenium 78.85 6.33 2.85 26.04 Example Comparative Oriental 50 Inula britannica 62.83 15.61 11.90 207.35 Example yellowhead var. japonica (other area) 79-1 Whole plant 2 39.40 16.42 23.58 316.64 10 30.94 25.94 29.08 449.47 50 20.99 38.51 34.86 708.12 79-2 Roots 2 38.95 19.56 23.68 388.83 10 32.66 21.69 27.59 467.49 50 24.95 35.26 38.62 665.58 79-3 Stems 2 39.53 18.43 24.32 287.87 10 27.35 22.20 31.71 452.08 50 20.65 35.13 37.34 651.19 79-4 Leaves 2 35.83 17.58 22.12 300.59 10 28.16 23.22 28.78 554.62 50 21.77 35.32 34.07 762.71 79-5 Fruits 2 38.69 14.95 24.40 375.27 10 28.60 24.78 27.74 502.59 50 21.08 31.95 34.00 597.14 79-6 Flowers 2 38.45 18.83 22.02 253.82 10 22.67 23.66 27.83 403.15 50 10.09 32.24 35.17 617.58

TABLE 153 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 79 Oriental Inula britannica Oriental yellowhead var. japonica yellowhead (Thunb.) Franch. & Sav. Comparative Elecampane Inula Helenium 2.17 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2 15.7 15.7 Example MIC (%) Fungi: 2 Comparative Oriental Inula britannica 1.02 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 12.6 16.3 Example yellowhead var. japonica (other area) MIC (%) Fungi: 1 79-1 Whole plant 0.51 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 26.3 27.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 79-2 Roots 0.96 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 26.5 21.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 79-3 Stems 0.14 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 12.6 16.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 79-4 Leaves 0.59 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13 16.5 13.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 79-5 Fruits 0.20 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 11.9 18.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 79-6 Flowers 0.29 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.06 11.6 12.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.13

EXAMPLE 80 Giant Butterbur

TABLE 154 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Melanin Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Conc. content synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 80 Giant Petasites japonicus Giant butterbur (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim. butterbur Comparative Reddish 50 Petasites rubellus 70.31 11.69 7.15 48.65 Example butterbur Comparative Giant 50 Petasites japonicus 52.26 21.84 10.48 241.46 Example butterbur (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim. (other area) 80-1 Whole plant 2 36.16 18.60 25.76 344.43 10 22.43 28.11 27.66 581.22 50 15.90 31.93 37.86 765.16 80-2 Roots 2 36.11 14.10 24.58 218.91 10 29.10 27.85 28.23 600.95 50 22.11 31.10 35.83 723.47 80-3 Stems 2 36.63 13.71 24.18 381.93 10 31.09 20.07 27.38 407.96 50 20.04 38.56 37.08 600.61 80-4 Leaves 2 34.53 16.26 23.31 285.92 10 21.08 27.64 33.28 487.43 50 18.00 38.41 38.35 736.70 80-5 Fruits 2 39.97 15.99 21.06 244.23 10 32.19 24.57 31.53 554.10 50 23.85 34.47 38.93 610.36 80-6 Flowers 2 39.28 10.11 20.54 287.29 10 28.11 24.08 27.91 448.04 50 25.47 37.65 34.46 661.44

TABLE 155 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 80 Giant Petasites japonicus Giant butterbur (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim. butterbur Comparative Reddish Petasites rubellus 2.99 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2 12.0 10.3 Example butterbur MIC (%) Fungi: >2 Comparative Giant Petasites japonicus 1.87 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2 10.2 18.9 Example butterbur (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim. (other area) MIC (%) Fungi: 1 80-1 Whole plant 0.38 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 25.1 25.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 80-2 Roots 0.80 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.06 16.2 15.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.13 80-3 Stems 0.90 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 19.3 23.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.13 80-4 Leaves 0.45 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 12.7 15.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 80-5 Fruits 0.68 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 8.6 16.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 80-6 Flowers 0.10 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 22.5 21.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 81 Ciliated-Fruit Sedge

TABLE 156 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Melanin Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Conc. content synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 81 Ciliated-fruit Carex blepharicarpa Ciliated-fruit sedge Franch. sedge Comparative Asiatic sand 50 Carex Kobomugi 93.17 4.27 8.86 28.11 Example sedge 81-1 Whole plant 2 37.52 10.62 26.95 350.96 10 28.47 23.08 28.69 437.36 50 23.20 30.50 34.01 639.16 81-2 Roots 2 39.53 16.95 23.45 195.81 10 33.05 23.10 32.63 288.51 50 20.37 36.96 37.09 581.18 81-3 Stems 2 35.42 10.32 26.54 213.12 10 27.51 22.22 28.64 536.16 50 22.77 37.98 37.07 691.36 81-4 Leaves 2 28.34 14.55 23.74 374.75 10 19.31 23.74 33.17 504.99 50 13.28 45.65 37.12 771.58 81-5 Fruits 2 37.07 15.03 26.86 298.06 10 32.63 23.51 30.93 556.21 50 23.14 33.20 38.25 718.52 81-6 Flowers 2 35.40 11.78 23.45 225.83 10 33.82 20.03 31.87 453.83 50 22.17 30.70 36.25 619.43

TABLE 157 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 81 Ciliated-fruit Carex blepharicarpa Ciliated-fruit sedge Franch. sedge Comparative Asiatic sand Carex Kobomugi 1.98 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2 8.5 12.2 Example sedge MIC (%) Fungi: >2 81-1 Whole plant 0.47 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 21.6 25.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 81-2 Roots 0.23 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 8.4 15.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 81-3 Stems 0.76 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 15.0 13.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 81-4 Leaves 0.13 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 25.9 19.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 81-5 Fruits 0.83 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 21.8 17.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 81-6 Flowers 0.46 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 18.6 8.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 82 Short-Stem Sedge

TABLE 158 Whitening Anti-wrinkle Anti-inflammation Melanin Collagen Inhibition of Moisturizing Conc. content synthesis NO production HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name (%) (% of control) (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 82 Short-stem Carex breviculmis Short-stem sedge R. Br. sedge Comparative Low sedge 50 Carex Humilis 89.34 13.25 5.25 45.34 Example 82-1 Whole plant 2 38.61 17.53 25.30 257.94 10 29.86 21.83 31.63 498.46 50 20.03 33.36 37.98 714.51 82-2 Roots 2 35.41 11.17 23.44 349.59 10 27.16 23.62 28.01 468.27 50 26.05 32.20 38.67 629.88 82-3 Stems 2 35.33 19.04 23.59 223.74 10 30.11 20.79 30.03 578.94 50 23.08 35.70 36.30 670.06 82-4 Leaves 2 37.71 18.70 24.91 338.20 10 28.03 26.08 33.93 567.39 50 20.86 39.86 35.51 629.76 82-5 Fruits 2 39.94 16.19 20.21 360.14 10 28.84 21.13 31.49 510.49 50 23.33 30.57 38.76 614.23 82-6 Flowers 2 36.86 10.45 23.48 386.61 10 29.72 27.79 29.95 508.71 50 23.40 35.01 37.71 665.17

TABLE 159 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) Anti-bacteria MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 82 Short-stem Carex breviculmis Short-stem sedge R. Br. sedge Comparative Low sedge Carex Humilis 2.88 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 10.6 11.8 Example Fungi: 2 82-1 Whole plant 0.01 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, 27.5 23.7 Fungi: 0.5 82-2 Roots 0.73 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, 14.7 27.3 Fungi: 1 82-3 Stems 0.29 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, 21.8 15.9 Fungi: 1 82-4 Leaves 0.58 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, 16.5 22.7 Fungi: 1 82-5 Fruits 0.32 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 11.9 21.1 Fungi: 1 82-6 Flowers 0.18 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, 23.7 22.2 Fungi: 1

EXAMPLE 83 Purple Maiden Silvergrass

TABLE 160 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 83  Purple maiden Miscanthus sinensis Purple maiden silvergrass var. purpurascens silvergrass (Andersson) Rendle 83-1 Whole plant 2 39.03 11.88 22.02 208.66 10 29.36 28.64 32.40 512.44 50 22.65 38.06 39.89 782.07 83-2 Roots 2 36.63 15.46 26.33 376.90 10 31.76 20.58 29.54 507.23 50 20.90 33.93 39.74 757.79 83-3 Stems 2 38.13 11.53 25.93 237.31 10 33.89 23.82 32.66 548.94 50 23.01 34.08 35.08 708.87 83-4 Leaves 2 37.56 15.46 26.08 311.02 10 29.54 21.06 27.09 436.41 50 22.68 36.47 34.38 649.40 83-5 Fruits 2 34.90 19.32 25.15 337.01 10 28.59 27.84 31.26 445.49 50 26.34 36.54 39.28 716.12 83-6 Flowers 2 40.02 13.06 24.29 346.16 10 31.66 27.16 30.76 538.04 50 33.58 39.27 39.06 643.95 83-7 Shoots 2 36.46 15.94 24.75 396.58 10 31.84 28.06 28.49 543.09 50 25.99 38.37 37.96 763.88

TABLE 161 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 83  Purple maiden Miscanthus sinensis Purple maiden silvergrass var. purpurascens silvergrass (Andersson) Rendle 83-1 Whole plant 0.13 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.5 8.5 11.5 83-2 Roots 0.87 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 1 20.4 22.8 83-3 Stems 1.00 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1 15.3 14.0 83-4 Leaves 0.53 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 1 13.7 25.6 83-5 Fruits 0.43 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1 10.2 18.3 83-6 Flowers 1.00 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1 16.8 10.6 83-7 Shoots 0.31 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 15.6 10.2

EXAMPLE 84 Foxtail Fountaingrass

TABLE 162 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 84  Foxtail Pennisetum alopecuroides Foxtail fountaingrass (L.) Spreng. fountaingrass 84-1 Whole plant 2 35.76 15.10 25.60 297.20 10 33.30 20.69 32.93 580.00 50 25.09 38.83 39.08 768.17 84-2 Roots 2 36.01 13.59 22.23 382.22 10 30.89 28.08 31.75 511.86 50 25.71 36.15 34.00 784.58 84-3 Stems 2 35.63 10.03 23.51 210.50 10 28.18 26.17 32.33 435.07 50 22.99 30.63 38.16 677.66 84-4 Leaves 2 36.35 17.10 20.69 250.56 10 27.02 25.27 31.15 432.31 50 25.57 30.78 39.43 615.15 84-5 Fruits 2 38.55 12.38 20.60 395.00 10 30.40 26.52 32.43 484.93 50 21.20 33.61 35.32 765.38 84-6 Flowers 2 34.10 13.62 21.64 334.94 10 33.70 25.06 27.64 550.19 50 20.91 38.10 39.99 696.47

TABLE 163 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 84  Foxtail Pennisetum Foxtail fountaingrass alopecuroides fountaingrass (L.) Spreng. 84-1 Whole plant 0.46 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.5 20.8 10.5 84-2 Roots 0.30 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.25 18.1 12.9 84-3 Stems 0.14 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.5 8.7 10.6 84-4 Leaves 0.59 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125, Fungi: 0.5 19.0 17.3 84-5 Fruits 0.41 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1 23.8 18.9 84-6 Flowers 0.80 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5 24.5 21.6

EXAMPLE 85 Arrow Bamboo

TABLE 164 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 85  Arrow Pseudosasa japonica Arrow bamboo (Siebold & Zucc. ex bamboo Steud.) Makino ex Nakai 85-1 Whole plant 2 34.10 10.38 23.30 383.43 10 27.82 22.15 29.26 487.01 50 21.14 37.72 37.60 670.70 85-2 Roots 2 39.91 18.59 25.36 291.57 10 32.18 22.18 32.33 514.92 50 25.95 30.55 39.69 760.62 85-3 Stems 2 37.19 13.84 22.84 334.32 10 29.91 26.16 28.35 428.80 50 24.21 37.62 37.92 682.60 85-4 Leaves 2 37.79 18.70 21.19 327.69 10 28.85 20.88 33.08 427.86 50 23.31 35.18 35.00 688.70 85-5 Fruits 2 38.82 19.23 21.75 280.47 10 28.73 25.12 29.53 451.83 50 26.27 37.74 38.96 659.56 85-6 Flowers 2 36.34 11.94 25.48 338.69 10 32.61 20.20 32.44 522.43 50 20.70 39.85 35.43 676.44

TABLE 165 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 85  Arrow Pseudosasa japonica Arrow bamboo (Siebold & Zucc. ex bamboo Steud.) Makino ex Nakai 85-1 Whole plant 0.05 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5 9.2 8.2 85-2 Roots 0.62 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 15.3 21.0 85-3 Stems 0.29 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 17.2 11.6 85-4 Leaves 0.77 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 2 13.3 13.6 85-5 Fruits 0.81 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 2 25.4 16.7 85-6 Flowers 0.89 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 2 13.1 25.2

EXAMPLE 86 Kuril Bamboo

TABLE 166 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 86  Kuril Sasa kurilensis Kuril bamboo (Rupr.) Makino bamboo & Shibata Comparative Broad-leaf 50 Sasa Quelpaertensis 79.24 10.16 2.63 54.12 Example bamboo 86-1 Whole plant 2 36.69 11.30 23.45 218.11 10 33.30 20.52 27.47 502.12 50 23.80 39.83 35.59 784.92 86-2 Roots 2 35.95 17.65 26.43 383.82 10 28.02 25.94 30.14 444.50 50 25.04 38.57 36.98 620.66 86-3 Stems 2 36.09 17.40 25.43 231.46 10 32.47 22.22 27.83 402.96 50 22.22 37.04 37.63 632.78 86-4 Leaves 2 40.02 11.89 19.26 244.93 10 31.66 20.62 22.95 414.63 50 33.58 27.27 28.13 522.10 86-5 Fruits 2 35.01 16.49 26.46 321.37 10 30.26 21.44 27.34 407.73 50 24.00 35.02 39.62 755.24 86-6 Flowers 2 38.28 12.18 23.83 293.99 10 27.01 20.78 31.10 493.78 50 22.72 34.21 34.81 760.55

TABLE 167 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 86  Kuril Sasa kurilensis Kuril bamboo (Rupr.) Makino bamboo & Shibata Comparative Broad-leaf Sasa Quelpaertensis 1.99 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: >2 11.0 11.5 Example bamboo 86-1 Whole plant 0.25 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.25 26.3 27.6 86-2 Roots 0.29 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.25 26.3 24.9 86-3 Stems 0.43 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.5 26.3 16.2 86-4 Leaves 0.73 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 11.8 22.6 86-5 Fruits 0.35 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5 13.2 11.3 86-6 Flowers 0.03 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5 21.0 22.8

EXAMPLE 87 Shrubby Sophora

TABLE 168 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 87  Shrubby Sophora flavescens Shrubby sophora sophora Alton Comparative Locust 50 Sophora Japonica 84.16 2.36 5.74 58.32 Example tree Comparative Shrubby 50 78.69 9.98 8.21 187.81 Example sophora (other area) 87-1 Whole plant 2 35.71 16.45 24.31 266.69 10 27.05 21.57 31.83 407.30 50 24.04 32.75 35.76 769.95 87-2 Roots 2 37.62 7.36 18.60 283.58 10 34.58 20.31 22.54 392.98 50 31.63 29.93 30.24 620.84 87-3 Stems 2 36.67 14.36 23.01 273.46 10 27.59 24.18 33.42 594.25 50 24.30 32.64 34.29 620.55 87-4 Leaves 2 36.18 17.46 25.26 347.28 10 32.57 21.19 33.49 525.14 50 22.22 33.51 38.68 686.58 87-5 Fruits 2 34.42 16.78 23.62 320.67 10 28.15 26.13 31.56 471.56 50 24.51 32.79 39.76 699.91 87-6 Flowers 2 36.80 11.41 22.50 312.28 10 29.38 23.60 28.09 435.20 50 20.98 37.10 37.72 763.64

TABLE 169 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 87  Shrubby Sophora flavescens Shrubby sophora Alton sophora Comparative Locust Sophora Japonica 3.84 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2, Fungi: >2 8.4 10.0 Example tree Comparative Shrubby 2.77 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2, Fungi: 2 13.3 14.3 Example sophora (other area) 87-1 Whole plant 0.24 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1 24.6 25.6 87-2 Roots 0.64 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 13.3 14.3 87-3 Stems 0.25 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 10.4 16.5 87-4 Leaves 0.22 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 14.7 19.3 87-5 Fruits 0.38 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1 24.3 21.5 87-6 Flowers 0.17 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1 15.7 14.8

EXAMPLE 88 Orange Daylily

TABLE 170 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 88  Orange Hemerocallis fulva Orange Daylily (L.) L. Daylily 88-1 Whole plant 2 37.98 13.04 20.78 320.33 10 28.74 21.75 28.83 527.62 50 24.73 30.10 36.08 684.39 88-2 Roots 2 39.51 11.81 25.71 271.10 10 33.78 20.80 28.00 548.53 50 20.02 37.07 39.09 775.77 88-3 Stems 2 36.89 11.44 23.02 251.80 10 28.32 22.77 33.82 481.36 50 23.54 31.80 39.77 707.59 88-4 Leaves 2 36.53 15.14 21.79 235.29 10 31.61 21.43 32.98 451.04 50 22.27 37.44 38.24 717.18 88-5 Fruits 2 39.44 10.83 24.71 389.37 10 30.76 25.35 28.14 534.34 50 20.69 37.78 38.18 707.43 88-6 Flowers 2 36.56 19.96 24.00 377.30 10 30.27 21.01 33.66 530.00 50 26.94 34.60 37.84 643.38

TABLE 171 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 88  Orange Hemerocallis fulva Orange Daylily (L.) L. Daylily 88-1 Whole plant 0.66 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 14.0 22.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 17.0 20.1 88-2 Roots 0.58 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 24.1 14.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 88-3 Stems 0.77 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 9.1 18.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 88-4 Leaves 0.33 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 22.8 11.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 88-5 Fruits 0.31 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 22.8 16.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 88-6 Flowers 0.90 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 25.4 27.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 89 Tiger Lily

TABLE 172 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 89  Tiger lily Lilium lancifolium Tiger lily Thunb. Comparative Madonna 50 Lilium Candidum 91.19 9.96 3.61 47.97 Example lily 89-1 Whole plant 2 39.52 13.32 24.32 235.37 10 29.17 22.48 30.99 483.99 50 21.63 30.01 35.52 630.93 89-2 Roots 2 37.97 12.02 25.41 350.39 10 30.41 22.20 33.79 596.41 50 20.11 30.76 37.90 702.51 89-3 Stems 2 37.99 15.57 20.64 349.00 10 29.24 21.67 33.58 499.76 50 20.10 34.32 37.25 685.50 89-4 Leaves 2 38.52 15.67 22.66 336.67 10 33.02 21.75 32.58 494.37 50 21.60 35.88 37.64 768.26 89-5 Flowers 2 34.53 17.41 22.86 358.56 10 29.14 29.79 28.38 446.04 50 22.38 30.41 36.03 656.42 89-6 Bulbils 2 39.71 12.13 22.84 246.72 10 32.18 21.37 31.65 481.46 50 20.16 31.03 37.85 769.88

TABLE 173 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 89  Tiger lily Lilium lancifolium Tiger lily Thunb. Comparative Madonna Lilium Candidum 2.79 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 8.1 8.5 Example lily MIC (%) Fungi: 1 89-1 Whole plant 0.90 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 19.7 15.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 89-2 Roots 0.16 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 17.0 10.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 89-3 Stems 0.84 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 9.8 8.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 89-4 Leaves 0.20 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 11.4 8.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 89-5 Flowers 0.96 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 19.5 22.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 89-6 Bulbils 0.12 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 26.5 26.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25

EXAMPLE 90 Big Blue Lilyturf

TABLE 174 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 90  Big blue Liriope platyphylla Big blue lilyturf F. T. Wang & T. Tang lilyturf Comparative Creeping 50 Liriope Spicata 79.02 11.65 3.77 22.75 Example lilyturf 90-1 Whole plant 2 36.28 15.62 21.68 218.04 10 33.12 26.66 33.28 538.92 50 20.99 30.59 34.15 666.45 90-2 Roots 2 37.06 12.96 25.91 235.68 10 29.27 25.34 27.61 535.22 50 24.37 35.75 37.30 654.28 90-3 Stems 2 36.28 15.80 25.75 333.69 10 33.12 21.84 32.63 453.20 50 20.99 39.11 39.29 800.22 90-4 Leaves 2 36.53 12.80 23.78 267.73 10 31.21 28.79 29.63 513.82 50 21.89 32.55 39.02 741.53 90-5 Fruits 2 38.19 19.02 20.59 274.84 10 33.42 23.29 30.95 516.84 50 23.14 35.83 35.38 689.71 90-6 Flowers 2 34.45 14.98 23.07 220.38 10 30.70 25.54 30.03 465.53 50 23.21 37.18 38.36 790.45

TABLE 175 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 90  Big blue Liriope platyphylla Big blue lilyturf F. T. Wang & T. Tang lilyturf Comparative Creeping Liriope Spicata 1.06 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2 7.5 9.4 Example lilyturf MIC (%) Fungi: 1 90-1 Whole plant 0.20 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 20.4 18.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 90-2 Roots 0.65 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 15.3 11.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 90-3 Stems 0.02 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 20.2 10.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 90-4 Leaves 0.53 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 14.8 8.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 90-5 Fruits 0.92 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 11.8 26.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 90-6 Flowers 0.52 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 18.2 20.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 91 False Lily of the Valley

TABLE 176 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 91  False lily Maianthemum dilatatum False lily of the (A.W. Wood) A. Nelson of the valley & J. F. Macbr. valley Comparative Two leaf 50 Maianthemum Japonicum 68.47 15.36 2.03 63.06 Example beadruby 91-1 Whole plant 2 39.69 11.91 24.67 280.91 10 31.08 29.05 29.35 547.20 50 24.36 38.76 34.63 737.43 91-2 Roots 2 39.29 13.13 23.81 352.54 10 30.16 29.89 27.70 528.31 50 22.96 34.60 38.86 679.29 91-3 Stems 2 36.63 13.78 25.15 213.50 10 30.18 27.28 31.66 462.46 50 22.69 33.82 34.62 651.68 91-4 Leaves 2 36.92 18.88 24.81 287.61 10 32.91 24.61 28.83 515.62 50 21.78 34.96 34.70 744.82 91-5 Fruits 2 35.29 14.00 26.00 200.58 10 30.08 22.85 27.38 517.51 50 24.36 35.25 34.24 797.02 91-6 Flowers 2 38.31 12.23 23.07 215.65 10 31.99 22.10 33.41 433.02 50 25.87 35.92 38.31 667.41

TABLE 177 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 91  False lily Maianthemum dilatatum False lily of the (A. W. Wood) A. Nelson of the valley & J. F. Macbr. valley Comparative Two leaf Maianthemum Japonicum 2.62 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2 8.8 13.8 Example beadruby MIC (%) Fungi: >2 91-1 Whole plant 0.75 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 26.1 25.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 91-2 Roots 0.83 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 8.4 12.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 91-3 Stems 0.83 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 11.1 12.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 91-4 Leaves 0.07 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 21.7 11.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 91-5 Fruits 0.12 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 17.6 13.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 91-6 Flowers 0.40 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 22.2 15.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 92 Japanese Cedar

TABLE 178 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 92  Japanese Cryptomeria japonica Japanese Cedar (Thunb. ex L. f.) D. Don Cedar 92-1 Whole plant 2 36.30 15.02 23.78 354.26 10 30.84 21.01 28.02 503.21 50 24.40 34.55 37.62 728.82 92-2 Roots 2 35.79 19.46 26.90 301.93 10 30.33 20.37 32.60 417.33 50 22.32 39.71 35.33 623.10 92-3 Stems 2 38.14 12.06 25.08 329.44 10 31.14 24.50 29.49 492.00 50 26.34 36.67 35.22 718.87 92-4 Leaves 2 39.48 16.24 21.41 220.60 10 32.69 26.50 30.03 514.35 50 25.82 34.88 36.60 631.17 92-5 Fruits 2 39.66 17.94 23.30 361.41 10 32.75 29.78 29.76 529.77 50 20.62 36.77 39.47 749.19 92-6 Flowers 2 39.26 19.46 24.57 250.21 10 32.60 20.37 32.70 514.83 50 21.44 39.71 39.94 795.60

TABLE 179 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 92  Japanese Cryptomeria japonica Japanese Cedar (Thunb. ex L. f.) D. Don Cedar 92-1 Whole plant 0.73 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 22.0 14.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 92-2 Roots 0.85 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 22.4 18.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 92-3 Stems 0.88 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 26.4 15.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 92-4 Leaves 0.44 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 20.0 20.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 92-5 Fruits 0.20 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 14.5 21.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 92-6 Flowers 0.11 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 9.6 17.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125

EXAMPLE 93 Thunberg's Bay-Tree

TABLE 180 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 93  Thunberg's Machilus thunbergii Thunberg's bay-tree Siebold & Zucc. bay-tree Comparative Long-leaf 50 Machilus Japonica 72.02 15.14 3.48 52.02 Example bay-tree 93-1 Whole plant 2 35.10 15.72 22.14 379.32 10 30.25 22.38 27.45 526.57 50 25.92 33.30 37.72 558.70 93-2 Roots 2 34.41 17.68 26.71 378.76 10 29.43 24.14 28.32 474.32 50 20.79 39.91 39.34 730.56 93-3 Stems 2 39.83 19.84 25.68 390.29 10 27.37 20.42 27.16 526.15 50 25.05 34.21 35.82 610.22 93-4 Leaves 2 38.38 19.72 25.63 394.02 10 33.14 25.16 28.62 509.90 50 24.39 35.19 34.16 688.03 93-5 Fruits 2 37.44 17.07 23.55 316.07 10 33.88 22.85 32.91 415.77 50 22.37 33.58 37.72 726.90 93-6 Flowers 2 36.00 11.82 24.25 295.86 10 33.60 23.98 28.94 454.25 50 21.13 38.66 39.13 741.08

TABLE 181 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 93  Thunbergs's Machilus thunbergii Thunberg's bay-tree Siebold & Zucc. bay-tree Comparative Long-leaf Machilus Japonica 3.83 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 10.6 8.8 Example bay-tree MIC (%) Fungi: 1 93-1 Whole plant 0.38 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 19.6 23.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 93-2 Roots 0.19 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 10.9 10.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 93-3 Stems 0.56 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 25.4 19.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 93-4 Leaves 0.99 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 20.8 16.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 93-5 Fruits 0.15 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 18.9 13.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 93-6 Flowers 0.16 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 21.4 20.5 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125

EXAMPLE 94 Ulleungdo White Pine

TABLE 182 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 94  Ulleungdo Pinus parviflora Ulleungdo white pine Siebold & Zucc. white pine Comparative Pine 50 Pinus Densiflora 87.79 13.37 3.97 31.05 Example 94-1 Whole plant 2 38.93 11.25 25.19 273.52 10 31.66 28.42 32.73 500.18 50 26.31 34.60 37.76 721.72 94-2 Roots 2 34.39 18.43 22.42 346.78 10 28.45 27.11 32.16 580.48 50 25.61 35.25 39.65 638.27 94-3 Stems 2 37.91 12.94 22.82 226.97 10 32.08 25.55 27.32 511.27 50 23.50 34.55 36.02 784.68 94-4 Leaves 2 35.80 12.34 23.15 345.49 10 27.95 24.12 27.39 489.33 50 23.86 34.03 37.89 661.08 94-5 Fruits 2 37.44 13.47 21.85 359.25 10 29.42 29.91 29.66 479.81 50 25.52 34.13 35.39 693.26 94-6 Flowers 2 37.53 11.83 23.19 338.99 10 31.26 25.13 33.00 410.46 50 23.39 36.39 37.04 740.36

TABLE 183 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 94  Ulleungdo Pinus parviflora Ulleungdo white pine Siebold & Zucc. white pine Comparative Pine Pinus Densiflora 2.17 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1 12.1 8.5 Example 94-1 Whole plant 0.19 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.125 21.2 20.4 94-2 Roots 0.52 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.125 10.4 8.0 94-3 Stems 0.51 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5 15.6 21.4 94-4 Leaves 0.03 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5 9.2 10.1 94-5 Fruits 1.64 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5 25.7 22.8 94-6 Flowers 0.76 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.25 14.8 8.7

EXAMPLE 95 Ulleungdo Hemlock

TABLE 184 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 95  Ulleungdo Tsuga sieboldii Ulleungdo hemlock Carriere hemlock Comparative Hemlock 50 Tsuga canadensis Hemlock 74.82 8.41 2.28 16.30 Example Canada Canada 95-1 Whole plant 2 39.19 14.51 24.36 207.94 10 29.65 29.09 30.11 479.80 50 23.79 38.83 39.71 731.43 95-2 Roots 2 35.35 19.28 25.52 388.94 10 29.73 26.19 33.31 573.58 50 21.62 33.62 38.45 783.42 95-3 Stems 2 36.22 17.32 23.21 385.12 10 31.88 22.92 32.87 427.78 50 26.93 34.43 36.41 768.26 95-4 Leaves 2 34.76 19.68 22.47 288.96 10 32.14 25.87 33.83 553.28 50 22.23 30.28 38.86 712.88 95-5 Fruits 2 36.55 15.64 23.12 388.88 10 30.46 27.53 32.29 454.38 50 25.79 31.31 38.77 775.92 95-6 Flowers 2 39.06 17.33 21.53 349.44 10 30.90 27.00 33.63 593.31 50 21.29 31.70 34.12 605.01

TABLE 185 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 95  Ulleungdo Tsuga sieboldii Ulleungdo hemlock Carriere hemlock Comparative Hemlock Tsuga canadensis Hemlock 5.27 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 10.4 12.5 Example Canada Canada 95-1 Whole plant 0.95 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.125 22.8 23.3 95-2 Roots 0.47 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.125 17.8 13.3 95-3 Stems 0.49 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.25 11.6 27.7 95-4 Leaves 0.97 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5 21.1 19.2 95-5 Fruits 0.09 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.5 21.6 18.5 95-6 Flowers 0.65 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.25 16.1 19.3

EXAMPLE 96 Sericeous Newlitsea

TABLE 186 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 96  Sericeous Neolitsea sericea Sericeous newlitsea (Blume) Koidz. newlitsea Comparative Irregular- 50 Neolitsea Aciculata 88.42 13.32 5.19 48.14 Example streak newlitse Comparative Sericeous 50 51.97 28.04 12.61 128.55 Example newlitsea (other area) 96-1 Whole plant 2 39.34 18.54 26.82 304.91 10 29.28 29.33 31.15 517.54 50 24.34 32.39 34.67 682.31 96-2 Roots 2 38.83 19.79 21.57 279.62 10 33.91 22.95 27.06 451.86 50 23.58 31.59 37.23 786.36 96-3 Stems 2 34.98 15.11 25.78 336.77 10 27.45 22.46 28.84 593.32 50 25.89 39.98 36.34 608.09 96-4 Leaves 2 36.39 16.78 23.05 348.61 10 28.44 29.58 28.56 404.71 50 20.67 32.68 35.96 740.33 96-5 Fruits 2 36.34 15.63 24.29 246.28 10 30.18 22.47 32.07 526.73 50 23.31 37.91 38.53 745.39 96-6 Flowers 2 34.67 12.94 24.72 368.41 10 28.46 27.60 30.41 519.83 50 20.06 35.61 39.32 638.49

TABLE 187 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 96  Sericeous Neolitsea sericea Sericeous newlitsea (Blume) Koidz. newlitsea Comparative Irregular- Neolitsea Aciculata 3.34 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 9.9 12.5 Example streak newlitse Comparative Sericeous 2.20 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5 12.8 10.5 Example newlitsea (other area) 96-1 Whole plant 0.55 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.125 25.7 20.2 96-2 Roots 0.25 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.125 9.1 14.7 96-3 Stems 0.53 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.125 11.8 14.9 96-4 Leaves 0.53 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125, Fungi: 18.9 24.7 96-5 Fruits 0.66 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.125 11.1 8.8 96-6 Flowers 0.79 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125, Fungi: 11.1 9.2

EXAMPLE 97 Macropodous Daphniphyllum

TABLE 188 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA (5 ppm) EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) 28% (10 ppb) 35% 25% 320% 97  Macropodous Daphniphyllum Macropodous daphniphyllum macropodum daphniphyllum Miq. Comparative Macropodous 50 86.33 20.09 12.68 200.48 Example daphniphyllum (other area) 97-1 Whole plant 2 36.03 12.81 21.30 315.68 10 33.64 26.96 27.97 471.27 50 23.97 33.97 38.75 669.01 97-2 Roots 2 37.35 19.39 25.46 294.80 10 33.92 23.04 30.49 594.31 50 23.00 34.53 36.01 644.03 97-3 Stems 2 35.13 17.65 23.22 324.16 10 29.16 22.15 30.17 561.48 50 25.48 36.50 38.96 685.10 97-4 Leaves 2 37.96 17.87 20.26 291.97 10 31.75 28.92 33.05 448.11 50 23.80 35.85 38.30 759.30 97-5 Fruits 2 38.26 14.07 23.66 224.42 10 32.05 21.70 28.96 497.40 50 24.61 34.91 38.80 616.34 97-6 Flowers 2 34.69 12.81 22.34 351.72 10 27.42 28.15 30.37 442.03 50 24.74 38.75 38.48 737.36

TABLE 189 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 97  Macropodous Daphniphyllum Macropodous daphniphyllum macropodum daphniphyllum Miq. Comparative Macropodous 2.93 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: >2 9.2 10.9 Example daphniphyllum (other area) 97-1 Whole plant 0.11 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.25 22.3 18.2 97-2 Roots 0.59 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 16.7 17.3 97-3 Stems 0.46 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5 11.4 12.9 97-4 Leaves 0.78 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 11.7 14.0 97-5 Fruits 0.84 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.125 22.8 26.5 97-6 Flowers 0.20 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 0.25 11.7 14.0

EXAMPLE 98 Scabrous Aphananthe

TABLE 190 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 98  Scabrous Aphananthe aspera Scabrous aphananthe (Thuhb.) Planch. aphananthe 98-1 Whole plant 2 37.27 10.19 25.96 397.89 10 33.68 22.01 29.15 489.62 50 23.98 31.31 34.20 780.90 98-2 Roots 2 39.54 12.09 23.63 319.91 10 32.19 24.55 33.61 558.41 50 26.26 36.26 37.69 662.14 98-3 Stems 2 39.80 13.26 25.11 220.23 10 32.14 26.11 28.71 418.84 50 25.72 36.21 35.19 709.86 98-4 Leaves 2 34.55 12.53 24.37 346.40 10 27.50 21.68 31.81 425.57 50 24.01 32.27 39.71 692.42 98-5 Fruits 2 37.52 19.31 26.97 281.53 10 28.16 28.25 33.39 492.77 50 23.23 37.27 34.12 719.27 98-6 Flowers 2 35.43 15.61 26.44 202.59 10 32.70 21.69 28.29 575.13 50 20.96 38.78 35.77 643.11

TABLE 191 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 98  Scabrous Aphananthe aspera Scabrous aphananthe (Thunb.) Planch. aphananthe 98-1 Whole plant 0.98 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.5 9.6 15.4 98-2 Roots 0.50 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5 11.9 23.6 98-3 Stems 0.55 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 18.6 24.8 98-4 Leaves 0.71 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 0.5 8.1 23.2 98-5 Fruits 0.08 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 0.5 25.8 8.1 98-6 Flowers 0.93 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 23.2 26.7

EXAMPLE 99 Caudate-Leaf Hackberry

TABLE 192 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 99  Caudate-leaf Celtis jessoensis Caudate-leaf hackberry Koidz. hackberry 99-1 Whole plant 2 38.27 12.93 22.01 260.48 10 29.82 25.32 27.30 442.13 50 23.54 37.22 35.10 689.05 99-2 Roots 2 38.72 12.15 26.89 360.54 10 28.36 29.21 33.03 481.15 50 26.85 32.44 37.67 721.53 99-3 Stems 2 36.34 14.04 24.10 267.66 10 30.97 29.47 28.18 452.55 50 20.99 39.53 36.45 617.98 99-4 Leaves 2 34.43 13.73 21.01 249.50 10 32.92 29.62 26.49 592.59 50 22.34 33.36 27.10 670.09 99-5 Fruits 2 36.17 11.91 24.72 329.09 10 32.29 21.27 27.46 471.02 50 26.61 35.51 36.19 773.26 99-6 Flowers 2 38.00 10.02 22.64 285.34 10 31.73 25.07 31.70 526.82 50 22.83 30.45 34.72 697.25

TABLE 193 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 99  Caudate-leaf Celtis jessoensis Caudate-leaf hackberry Koidz. hackberry 99-1 Whole plant 0.61 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.25 16.9 11.2 99-2 Roots 0.32 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.125 17.0 23.5 99-3 Stems 0.50 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5 19.6 23.4 99-4 Leaves 0.65 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1 22.3 20.7 99-5 Fruits 0.67 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 0.5 20.5 8.1 99-6 Flowers 0.95 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5 21.0 23.7

EXAMPLE 100 Manchurian Elm

TABLE 194 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 100  Manchurian Ulmus laciniata Manchurian Elm (Trautv.) Mayr Elm Comparative Elm 50 Ulmus Davidiana 74.42 8.50 3.79 36.63 Example 100-1 Whole plant 2 37.40 11.79 21.92 342.07 10 28.92 28.70 28.60 565.22 50 22.42 34.08 34.19 795.70 100-2 Roots 2 35.68 15.00 21.66 332.08 10 29.42 24.87 32.67 497.75 50 22.23 35.45 37.28 761.52 100-3 Bark 2 34.22 19.98 22.29 271.65 10 28.40 28.81 32.32 512.88 50 21.34 36.18 38.12 786.49 100-4 Leaves 2 36.24 15.16 25.81 394.22 10 28.34 22.60 32.84 594.80 50 26.80 38.40 38.31 666.24 100-5 Fruits 2 35.39 12.36 20.30 311.67 10 28.50 25.61 28.00 538.32 50 26.18 35.49 35.37 686.63 100-6 Flowers 2 39.51 17.14 20.21 283.76 10 31.72 27.85 31.28 571.33 50 24.67 36.93 39.89 663.11

TABLE 195 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 100  Manchurian Ulmus laciniata Manchurian Elm (Trautv.) Mayr Elm Comparative Elm Ulmus Davidiana 3.36 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2/Fungi: 2 10.0 12.5 Example 100-1 Whole plant 0.13 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1/Fungi: 0.25 23.9 22.4 100-2 Roots 0.57 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1 24.6 10.3 100-3 Bark 0.11 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.5 27.2 14.4 100-4 Leaves 0.31 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125, Fungi: 0.5 24.3 9.7 100-5 Fruits 0.47 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1 13.6 25.9 100-6 Flowers 0.23 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5 10.8 9.0

EXAMPLE 101 Montane Alder

TABLE 196 Anti- Whitening Anti-wrinkle inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin Collagen synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 101  Montane Alnus maximowiczii Montane alder Callier alder Comparative Alder 50 Alnus Japonica 86.85 11.44 1.53 99.99 Example 101-1 Whole plant 2 36.15 11.81 25.13 201.20 10 30.78 29.09 28.00 527.79 50 25.54 33.02 39.73 756.51 101-2 Roots 2 38.09 17.18 26.93 232.85 10 27.85 27.66 33.03 416.76 50 21.05 36.10 38.13 729.55 101-3 Bark 2 38.06 17.62 26.99 293.96 10 30.18 21.05 27.89 535.42 50 23.57 34.65 35.46 714.95 101-4 Leaves 2 35.60 18.66 23.31 373.69 10 27.17 24.03 32.07 444.84 50 25.40 36.27 39.45 794.32 101-5 Fruits 2 34.03 12.16 20.45 213.74 10 28.74 29.98 31.39 494.44 50 24.57 31.60 38.89 697.06 101-6 Flowers 2 37.63 17.92 21.49 392.35 10 28.07 22.45 30.62 576.90 50 24.77 33.12 35.26 776.92

TABLE 197 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 101  Montane Alnus maximowiczii Montane alder Callier alder Comparative Alder Alnus Japonica 5.45 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2/Fungi: >2 9.7 9.0 Example 101-1 Whole plant 0.42 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1/Fungi: >1 21.3 21.1 101-2 Roots 0.56 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 2 22.3 17.3 101-3 Bark 0.11 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5 14.5 12.6 101-4 Leaves 0.93 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5 9.0 15.6 101-5 Fruits 0.27 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5 19.2 13.7 101-6 Flowers 0.98 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5 9.2 13.8

EXAMPLE 102 Ulleungdo Linden

TABLE 198 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 102  Ulleungdo Tilia insularis Ulleungdo linden Nakai linden Comparative Tilia 50 Tilia Platyphyllos 88.59 10.96 1.39 67.41 Example platyphyllos 102-1 Whole plant 2 39.10 11.25 24.49 398.99 10 30.96 23.70 31.39 453.96 50 25.10 37.13 36.31 721.43 102-2 Roots 2 39.69 10.55 23.25 210.52 10 30.50 23.83 29.14 564.69 50 20.89 31.77 34.57 634.88 102-3 Bark 2 39.99 16.33 20.41 352.24 10 28.37 20.27 28.64 600.03 50 24.21 36.56 37.75 773.90 102-4 Leaves 2 37.89 18.59 23.35 314.05 10 33.19 24.28 29.92 544.36 50 20.21 37.37 35.80 706.82 102-5 Fruits 2 37.84 14.98 26.22 318.06 10 28.67 29.62 32.02 524.65 50 21.74 35.14 38.14 651.34 102-6 Flowers 2 39.95 13.32 26.32 237.92 10 31.13 25.30 32.67 406.62 50 20.39 39.28 36.28 695.66

TABLE 199 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 102  Ulleungdo Tilia insularis Ulleungdo linden Nakai linden Comparative Tilia platyphyllos Tilia Platyphyllos 6.89 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2/Fungi: >2 9.1 9.1 Example 102-1 Whole plant 0.38 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1/Fungi: 0.1 24.2 17.1 102-2 Roots 0.99 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5 20.6 15.0 102-3 Bark 0.11 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 27.8 16.2 0.25 102-4 Leaves 0.61 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1 22.1 15.2 102-5 Fruits 0.44 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 10.1 20.8 102-6 Flowers 0.64 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5 11.0 16.2

EXAMPLE 103 Fragrant Snowbell

TABLE 200 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 103  Fragrant Styrax obassia Fragrant snowbell Siebold & Zucc. snowbell Comparative Snowbell 50 Styrax Japonicus 79.41 7.60 2.53 49.00 Example 103-1 Whole plant 2 37.01 15.55 22.12 288.43 10 31.11 21.88 31.11 414.74 50 25.80 39.66 35.98 682.20 103-2 Roots 2 39.75 17.72 25.19 252.28 10 29.85 20.81 28.73 537.45 50 22.85 35.06 34.12 776.64 103-3 Bark 2 34.89 11.61 22.20 225.88 10 28.74 24.52 27.15 445.90 50 21.30 30.36 38.71 712.19 103-4 Leaves 2 34.34 15.44 25.62 209.60 10 27.26 21.02 29.95 408.02 50 26.06 38.74 36.41 660.65 103-5 Fruits 2 34.09 18.90 26.84 323.54 10 32.38 25.94 27.10 428.97 50 23.06 35.56 35.85 700.60 103-6 Flowers 2 36.76 17.54 25.95 215.69 10 29.39 21.67 32.73 540.52 50 22.29 37.53 38.29 614.62

TABLE 201 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 103  Fragrant Styrax obassia Fragrant snowbell Siebold & Zucc. snowbell Comparative Snowbell Styrax Japonicus 4.75 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2/Fungi: 2 9.9 8.1 Example 103-1 Whole plant 0.49 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5/Fungi: 0.25 26.4 22.2 103-2 Roots 0.28 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5 14.5 17.7 103-3 Bark 0.13 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.25 13.2 26.0 103-4 Leaves 0.08 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 13.6 19.4 103-5 Fruits 0.28 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1 21.1 20.1 103-6 Flowers 0.27 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.5 19.3 8.1

EXAMPLE 104 Ulleungdo Flowering Cherry

TABLE 202 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 104  Ulleungdo Prunus takesimensis Ulleungdo flowering Nakai flowering cherry cherry Comparative Cherry 50 Prunus Serrulata 99.63 10.15 5.39 18.71 Example 104-1 Whole plant 2 35.79 11.44 23.61 207.78 10 32.33 28.52 30.76 509.66 50 26.35 38.60 37.11 718.73 104-2 Roots 2 36.59 19.56 23.06 380.77 10 27.29 29.11 27.41 576.88 50 25.88 36.94 39.25 763.51 104-3 Bark 2 38.49 12.70 22.00 284.99 10 27.98 25.29 31.49 474.81 50 24.42 35.17 38.09 749.06 104-4 Leaves 2 35.30 16.76 24.78 296.96 10 28.54 21.58 29.62 463.07 50 25.05 30.71 37.94 603.53 104-5 Fruits 2 35.26 10.24 22.71 346.40 10 32.64 28.83 27.84 504.72 50 25.05 31.19 38.51 609.45 104-6 Flowers 2 37.00 19.84 26.65 242.91 10 32.67 29.00 29.93 404.07 50 25.62 37.97 39.46 618.80

TABLE 203 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation Size of growth Size of growth IC50 Anti-bacteria inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample Scientific name English name (%) MIC (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 104  Ulleungdo Prunus takesimensis Ulleungdo flowering Nakai flowering cherry cherry Comparative Cherry Prunus Serrulata 3.84 MIC (%) Bacteria: >2/Fungi: 2 7.5 8.1 Example 104-1 Whole plant 0.33 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2/Fungi: 1 17.7 20.3 104-2 Roots 0.47 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5 11.1 23.2 104-3 Bark 0.29 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1 27.8 27.5 104-4 Leaves 0.55 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5 18.2 12.6 104-5 Fruits 0.81 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1 9.3 17.9 104-6 Flowers 0.81 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1 22.8 19.7

EXAMPLE 105 Spotted Laurel

TABLE 204 Anti-wrinkle Anti- Whitening Collagen inflammation Moisturizing Conc. Melanin synthesis Inhibition of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) Scientific name English name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 105  Spotted Aucuba japonica Spotted laurel Thuhb. laurel 105-1 Whole plant 2 39.64 15.21 22.34 273.76 10 31.64 23.72 30.09 410.28 50 24.40 32.38 37.77 789.10 105-2 Roots 2 37.16 13.30 20.63 376.67 10 31.48 20.44 33.14 598.31 50 23.66 33.89 35.43 712.28 105-3 Branches 2 38.57 10.31 26.62 388.96 10 29.95 22.80 33.16 439.07 50 26.72 39.65 39.80 640.36 105-4 Leaves 2 35.68 12.87 24.13 212.51 10 33.35 22.21 29.26 417.65 50 30.67 29.95 30.31 497.93 105-5 Fruits 2 35.68 18.86 23.26 269.96 10 28.89 28.44 28.51 581.54 50 24.57 31.93 39.97 713.21 105-6 Flowers 2 36.10 19.67 24.71 288.20 10 31.88 24.37 31.40 412.19 50 22.71 33.17 38.22 695.99 105-7 Bark 2 36.59 13.12 20.94 336.04 10 28.13 27.91 30.47 400.45 50 24.45 35.35 36.99 632.79

TABLE 205 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation bacteria Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 MIC inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 105 Spotted laurel Aucuba japonica Spotted laurel Thunb. 105-1 Whole plant 0.11 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1 13.6 18.0 105-2 Roots 0.93 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 9.1 14.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 105-3 Branches 0.48 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 26.0 19.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 105-4 Leaves 0.46 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 14.1 13.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 105-5 Fruits 0.35 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 20.4 17.4 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 105-6 Flowers 0.49 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 25.6 24.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 105-7 Bark 0.98 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 12.3 13.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25

EXAMPLE 106 Ulleungdo Maple

TABLE 206 Anti- Anti- wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 106 Ulleungdo maple Acer takesimense Ulleungdo maple Nakai Comparative Sugar maple 50 Acer Saccharum 71.27 12.68 2.19 19.05 Example 106-1 Whole plant 2 38.99 11.59 21.36 298.74 10 31.52 26.39 28.12 547.10 50 20.19 32.75 37.03 732.59 106-2 Roots 2 34.18 19.32 24.03 351.47 10 28.21 22.74 30.26 455.80 50 25.99 33.55 35.24 639.76 106-3 Branches 2 36.35 12.68 24.34 227.74 10 33.94 24.85 29.90 330.35 50 29.72 28.21 31.91 408.04 106-4 Leaves 2 39.02 19.15 22.26 300.30 10 31.01 25.33 29.01 349.48 50 29.58 29.26 31.54 416.72 106-5 Fruits 2 34.59 14.63 21.29 320.67 10 28.37 24.03 31.29 406.24 50 23.57 36.54 39.14 624.71 106-6 Flowers 2 35.29 13.06 21.50 341.37 10 29.64 25.31 30.62 491.50 50 22.21 33.26 38.36 773.46

TABLE 207 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation bacteria Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 MIC inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 106 Ulleungdo maple Acer takesimense Ulleungdo maple Nakai Comparative Sugar maple Acer Saccharum 5.31 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 2 9.3 8.0 Example 106-1 Whole plant 0.82 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1 26.2 24.1 106-2 Roots 1.00 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 12.7 26.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 106-3 Branches 1.83 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1 27.4 22.8 106-4 Leaves 1.27 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 17.7 24.9 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 106-5 Fruits 0.95 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 25.3 11.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 106-6 Flowers 0.72 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625 12.2 28.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25

EXAMPLE 107 Ulleungdo Amur Corktree

TABLE 208 Anti- Anti- wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF group (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 107 Ulleungdo amur Phellodendron insulare Ulleungdo amur corktree Nakai corktree Comparative Amur corktree 50 Phellodendron Amurense 95.46 7.52 4.90 12.35 Example 107-1 Whole plant 2 36.21 11.26 25.61 213.48 10 32.22 26.42 29.32 542.64 50 24.09 33.58 36.06 790.98 107-2 Roots 2 37.81 18.08 21.10 256.00 10 27.35 23.32 33.18 493.63 50 23.36 30.76 35.89 686.78 107-3 Branches 2 34.52 12.55 21.36 379.64 10 29.00 21.94 32.63 549.60 50 26.37 39.14 39.79 768.09 107-4 Leaves 2 36.18 13.72 22.95 363.10 10 33.04 24.56 27.87 407.06 50 26.91 32.02 39.84 740.31 107-5 Fruits 2 36.43 12.55 24.92 314.53 10 31.37 24.49 30.14 561.29 50 23.32 38.13 38.13 605.19 107-6 Flowers 2 36.70 12.52 24.48 222.05 10 28.53 20.07 33.08 439.11 50 21.96 39.45 39.83 629.91 107-7 Bark 2 35.19 19.92 21.68 346.36 10 28.75 22.89 32.02 450.53 50 25.68 38.69 37.92 641.66

TABLE 209 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation bacteria Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 MIC inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 107 Ulleungdo Phellodendron insulare Ulleungdo amur Nakai amur corktree corktree Comparative Amur corktree Phellodendron Amurense 9.49 MIC (%) Bacteria, 8.8 14.1 Example Fungi: >2 107-1 Whole plant 0.40 MIC (%) Bacteria, 25.2 26.2 Fungi: 1 107-2 Roots 0.85 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 18.4 15.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 107-3 Branches 0.50 MIC (%) Bacteria, 13.9 18.7 Fungi: 0.25 107-4 Leaves 0.91 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 10.8 10.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 107-5 Fruits 0.19 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 22.3 24.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 107-6 Flowers 0.66 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 12.4 15.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 107-7 Bark 0.36 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 24.7 17.6 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125

EXAMPLE 108 Alianthus-Like Prickly-Ash

TABLE 210 Anti- Anti- wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 108 Alianthus-like Zanthoxylum ailanthoides Alianthus-like prickly-ash Siebold & Zucc. prickly-ash Comparative Cho-phi 50 Zanthoxylum Piperitum 86.23 10.33 6.74 92.82 Example 108-1 Whole plant 2 34.07 18.82 20.14 229.40 10 28.11 20.82 29.93 514.20 50 25.24 36.35 36.16 615.72 108-2 Roots 2 36.14 10.71 20.25 298.23 10 33.81 27.12 30.62 539.30 50 25.19 36.45 34.48 769.41 108-3 Branches 2 37.88 14.41 26.97 287.35 10 30.19 22.34 28.86 520.68 50 29.15 30.56 31.56 604.11 108-4 Leaves 2 35.53 17.55 23.49 292.04 10 33.87 24.79 25.86 454.73 50 31.35 28.61 29.12 633.49 108-5 Fruits 2 39.88 17.82 20.34 297.85 10 28.33 23.87 29.42 576.34 50 23.29 33.08 35.91 773.14 108-6 Flowers 2 39.93 13.44 26.07 355.02 10 29.54 25.50 32.43 521.58 50 26.55 38.51 36.94 677.79 108-7 Seeds 2 35.64 19.94 23.94 268.99 10 33.03 21.34 28.26 472.02 50 24.05 39.59 36.72 781.94 108-8 Bark 2 36.33 11.04 20.18 207.81 10 33.37 27.91 30.02 445.54 50 27.00 37.35 34.79 654.11

TABLE 211 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation bacteria Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 MIC inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) (%) (mm) (mm) Control Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated group 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 108 Alianthus- Zanthoxylum ailanthoides Alianthus-like like Siebold & Zucc. prickly-ash prickly- ash Comparative Cho-phi Zanthoxylum Piperitum 7.29 MIC (%) Bacteria, 7.9 16.7 Example Fungi: 2 108-1 Whole plant 0.76 MIC (%) Bacteria, 18.4 26.0 Fungi: 1 108-2 Roots 0.39 MIC (%) Bacteria, 27.1 16.4 Fungi: 0.5 108-3 Branches 1.75 MIC (%) Bacteria, 10.8 14.2 Fungi: 1 108-4 Leaves 2.44 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 14.7 10.1 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 108-5 Fruits 0.84 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 22.3 14.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 108-6 Flowers 0.68 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 14.9 22.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 108-7 Seeds 0.20 MIC (%) Bacteria, 13.6 21.6 Fungi: 0.25 108-8 Bark 0.95 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 18.0 10.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 1

EXAMPLE 109 Wax-Leaf Privet

TABLE 212 Anti- Anti- wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 109 Wax-leaf privet Ligustrum japonicum Wax-leaf privet Thunb. Comparative Glossy privet 50 Ligustrum Lucidum 75.54 9.32 2.08 146.89 Example 109-1 Whole plant 2 39.15 16.98 26.34 252.56 10 28.36 21.48 31.84 473.52 50 25.35 35.16 38.39 698.45 109-2 Roots 2 35.28 10.69 24.53 385.25 10 31.46 20.51 32.66 599.04 50 22.21 39.76 39.22 701.91 109-3 Branches 2 36.02 17.04 25.00 286.29 10 32.02 28.13 27.89 362.60 50 29.32 31.05 30.86 367.03 109-4 Leaves 2 39.73 18.07 20.27 248.62 10 29.35 21.77 28.79 368.58 50 27.07 33.98 31.17 400.16 109-5 Fruits 2 35.82 11.47 23.06 222.74 10 30.04 29.77 28.51 381.79 50 28.18 34.53 29.66 499.06 109-6 Flowers 2 37.69 11.78 21.85 297.17 10 30.13 22.99 32.02 517.25 50 26.89 32.74 36.31 671.19 109-7 Bark 2 39.21 16.32 22.70 223.82 10 31.71 27.19 32.03 463.23 50 24.35 39.40 38.74 772.54

TABLE 213 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation bacteria Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 MIC inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 109 Wax-leaf privet Ligustrum japonicum Wax-leaf Thunb. privet Comparative Glossy privet Ligustrum Lucidum 9.93 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 2 12.4 12.4 Example 109-1 Whole plant 0.95 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 0.25 27.4 20.5 109-2 Roots 0.18 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 0.5 13.1 24.0 109-3 Branches 1.61 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 0.5 24.3 26.1 109-4 Leaves 3.25 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 15.8 10.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 109-5 Fruits 2.97 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 13.6 16.2 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 109-6 Flowers 0.80 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 19.0 10.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 109-7 Bark 0.72 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 12.4 13.8 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5

EXAMPLE 110 Ulleungdo Honeysuckle

TABLE 214 Anti- Anti- wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 110 Ulleungdo Lonicera insularis Ulleungdo honeysuckle Nakai honeysuckle Comparative Honeysuckle 50 Lonicera Japonica 75.89 11.16 3.22 160.43 Example 110-1 Whole plant 2 39.45 19.66 22.49 203.11 10 30.32 27.20 29.15 458.35 50 21.23 38.68 38.75 791.32 110-2 Roots 2 38.29 15.41 24.93 329.43 10 30.53 23.61 29.61 563.95 50 26.48 30.08 38.64 663.80 110-3 Stems 2 34.56 18.25 20.92 298.21 10 30.62 27.04 23.00 582.05 50 24.07 31.43 28.76 790.17 110-4 Leaves 2 36.54 10.66 20.24 237.84 10 30.81 25.12 23.78 540.34 50 23.46 30.54 25.99 630.55 110-5 Fruits 2 36.97 10.00 24.92 387.60 10 27.55 28.91 28.74 580.23 50 22.45 31.51 38.59 730.80 110-6 Flowers 2 37.13 14.80 25.70 200.96 10 31.71 27.18 28.66 550.48 50 26.18 35.05 35.65 610.62

TABLE 215 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation bacteria Size of growth Size of growth Scientific English IC50 MIC inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample name name (%) (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 110 Ulleungdo Lonicera insularis Ulleungdo honevsuckle Nakai honevsuckle Comparative Honeysuckle Lonicera Japonica 7.46 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: >2 12.6 9.9 Example 110-1 Whole plant 0.14 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1 21.5 24.1 110-2 Roots 0.94 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 0.5 14.9 14.2 110-3 Stems 0.70 MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1 16.0 16.9 110-4 Leaves 0.76 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 21.3 13.7 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 110-5 Fruits 0.67 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 22.1 11.0 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 110-6 Flowers 0.22 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 26.9 25.3 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125

EXAMPLE 111 Silk Tree

TABLE 216 Anti- Anti- wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 111 Silk tree Albizia julibrissin Silk tree Comparative Kalkora mimosa 50 Albizia Kalkora 44.21 17.03 18.50 154.13 Example 111-1 Whole plant 2 37.84 14.95 21.43 299.79 10 28.10 24.41 31.87 489.87 50 24.22 31.72 36.88 571.19 111-2 Bark 2 36.86 14.07 25.96 323.19 10 29.37 26.71 29.75 559.16 50 21.52 37.31 38.13 781.23 111-3 Roots 2 37.39 12.04 24.08 172.51 10 27.19 29.77 27.88 304.79 50 21.36 34.10 34.17 529.62 111-4 Branches 2 36.73 17.61 23.95 359.01 10 29.89 22.79 29.04 448.22 50 23.17 37.59 36.89 639.13 111-5 Leaves 2 38.97 11.87 22.80 272.97 10 31.85 26.07 28.66 438.82 50 26.92 39.68 34.15 531.88 111-6 Fruits 2 34.22 11.30 20.14 293.65 10 27.95 26.45 30.04 377.80 50 25.25 32.53 36.09 556.30 111-7 Flowers 2 37.28 14.98 22.81 313.98 10 29.21 22.13 30.34 452.83 50 23.28 32.85 35.80 610.68

TABLE 217 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation bacteria Size of growth Size of growth Conc. Scientific English IC50 MIC inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample (ppm) name name (%) (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 111 Silk tree Albizia julibrissin Silk tree Comparative Kalkora mimosa 50 Albizia Kalkora 1.41 MIC (%) Bacteria: 2 3.5 2.5 Example MIC (%) Fungi: 2 111-1 Whole plant 2 0.70 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 11.8 12.4 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 50 111-2 Bark 2 0.11 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 24.3 15.0 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 50 111-3 Roots 2 0.91 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 2.7 7.1 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 50 111-4 Branches 2 0.83 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 12.7 8.3 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 50 111-5 Leaves 2 0.56 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 2.3 1.3 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 50 111-6 Fruits 2 0.23 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 1.8 7.4 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 50 111-7 Flowers 2 0.03 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 14.6 10.1 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 50

EXAMPLE 112 False Daisy

TABLE 218 Anti- Anti- wrinkle inflammation Whitening Collagen Inhibition Moisturizing Conc. Scientific English Melanin synthesis of NO HA synthesis No. Sample (ppm) name name content (%) (% of control) production (%) (%) Control group Arbutin TGFb L-NMMA EGF (200 ppm) (10 ppb) (5 ppm) (10 ppb) 35% 25% 28% 320% 112 False daisy Eclipta prostrata False daisy Comparative Fine-leaf false 50 Eclipta alba 46.81 11.72 4.23 251.26 Example daisy 112-1 Whole plant 2 39.38 18.50 23.27 238.97 10 33.95 21.62 29.69 507.30 50 25.45 37.67 38.31 759.48 112-2 Roots 2 34.77 15.67 24.38 231.64 10 31.99 26.87 29.45 342.45 50 24.79 35.72 36.18 348.54 112-3 Stems 2 35.32 19.67 25.11 192.98 10 31.00 28.08 33.32 264.29 50 21.57 33.85 36.97 369.80 112-4 Leaves 2 37.40 12.60 21.76 250.14 10 30.94 27.11 32.47 257.05 50 20.55 31.82 38.45 319.48 112-5 Fruits 2 34.68 12.36 24.31 151.18 10 30.40 26.89 32.84 207.81 50 20.16 34.15 34.99 285.57 112-6 Flowers 2 39.65 11.97 26.69 198.64 10 33.64 29.37 29.90 314.58 50 22.37 30.00 34.02 559.51

TABLE 219 Anti-bacteria Anti-bacteria Anti- Anti- (S. mutans) (P. gingivalis) oxidation bacteria Size of growth Size of growth Conc. Scientific English IC50 MIC inhibition ring inhibition ring No. Sample (ppm) name name (%) (%) (mm) (mm) Control group Vitamin C Hexanediol Untreated Untreated 7.5 ppm Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2% 0 mm 0 mm Fungi: A. niger 1% 112 False daisy Eclipta prostrata False daisy Comparative Fine-leaf false 50 Eclipta alba 1.85 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 1.9 2.3 Example daisy MIC (%) Fungi: 2 112-1 Whole plant 2 0.17 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125 18.0 24.7 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125 50 112-2 Roots 2 0.69 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 6.2 3.3 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 50 112-3 Stems 2 0.73 MIC (%) Bacteria: 1 7.4 2.0 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 1 50 112-4 Leaves 2 0.99 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 3.9 7.8 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 50 112-5 Fruits 2 0.24 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5 4.4 3.2 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5 50 112-6 Flowers 2 0.09 MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25 14.1 10.3 10 MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25 50

FORMULATION EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of Pharmaceutical Preparations

1. Preparation of powder

0.001 g of plant extracts

1 g of lactose

The above ingredients were mixed, and a sealable bag was filled with the mixed ingredients to prepare powder.

2. Preparation of tablets

0.2 mg of plant extracts

100 mg of corn starch

100 mg of lactose

2 mg of magnesium stearate

After mixing the above ingredients, tableting was performed according to a conventional tablet preparation method to prepare tablets.

3. Preparation of capsules

0.2 mg of plant extracts

100 mg of corn starch

100 mg of lactose

2 mg of magnesium stearate

After mixing the above ingredients, gelatin capsules were filled with the mixed ingredients according to a conventional capsule preparation method to prepare capsules.

4. Preparation of pills

0.003 g of plant extracts

1.5 g of lactose

1 g of glycerin

0.5 g of xylitol

After mixing the above ingredients, according to a conventional method, pills were prepared so that the weight of one pill was 4 g.

5. Preparation of granules

2 mg of plant extracts

50 mg of soybean extracts

200 mg of glucose

600 mg of starch

After mixing the above ingredients, 100 mg of 30% ethanol was added thereto, and drying was performed at 60° C. to form granules. Then, a capsule was filled with the granules.

FORMULATION EXAMPLE 2 Preparation of Cosmetics

1. Preparation of softening lotion (skin lotion)

According to the following composition, a softening lotion containing plant extracts as active ingredients was prepared according to a conventional method.

0.1% by weight of plant extracts

1.0% by weight of beta-1,3-glucan

2.0% by weight of butylene glycol

2.0% by weight of propylene glycol

0.1% by weight of a carboxyvinyl polymer

0.2% by weight of PEG-12 nonylphenyl ether

0.4% by weight of polysorbate 80

10.0% by weight of ethanol

0.1% by weight of triethanolamine

0.05% by weight of a preservative

0.05% by weight of a pigment

0.05% by weight of a perfume

Purified water: Up to 100% by weight

2. Preparation of nourishing lotion (milk lotion)

According to the following composition, a nourishing lotion containing plant extracts as active ingredients was prepared according to a conventional method.

0.1% by weight of plant extracts

1.0% by weight of beta-1,3-glucan

4.0% by weight of beeswax

1.5% by weight of polysorbate 60

1.5% by weight of sorbitan sesquioleate

0.5% by weight of liquid paraffin

5.0% by weight of caprylic/capric triglyceride

3.0% by weight of glycerin

3.0% by weight of butylene glycol

3.0% by weight of propylene glycol

0.1% by weight of a carboxyvinyl polymer

0.2% by weight of triethanolamine

0.05% by weight of a preservative

0.05% by weight of a pigment

0.05% by weight of a perfume

Purified water: Up to 100% by weight

3. Preparation of nourishing cream

According to the following composition, a nourishing cream containing plant extracts as active ingredients was prepared according to a conventional method.

0.2% by weight of plant extracts

5.0% by weight of beta-1,3-glucan

10.0% by weight of beeswax

1.5% by weight of polysorbate 60

2.0% by weight of PEG 60 hydrogenated castor oil

0.5% by weight of sorbitan sesquioleate

10.0% by weight of liquid paraffin

5.0% by weight of squalene

5.0% by weight of caprylic/capric triglyceride

5.0% by weight of glycerin

3.0% by weight of butylene glycol

3.0% by weight of propylene glycol

0.2% by weight of triethanolamine

0.05% by weight of a preservative

0.05% by weight of a pigment

0.05% by weight of a perfume

Purified water: Up to 100% by weight

4. Preparation of massage cream

According to the following composition, a massage cream containing plant extracts as active ingredients was prepared according to a conventional method.

0.1% by weight of plant extracts

3.0% by weight of beta-1,3-glucan

10.0% by weight of beeswax

1.5% by weight of polysorbate 60

2.0% by weight of PEG 60 hydrogenated castor oil

0.8% by weight of sorbitan sesquioleate

40.0% by weight of liquid paraffin

5.0% by weight of squalene

4.0% by weight of caprylic/capric triglyceride

5.0% by weight of glycerin

3.0% by weight of butylene glycol

3.0% by weight of propylene glycol

0.2% by weight of triethanolamine

0.05% by weight of a preservative

0.05% by weight of a pigment

0.05% by weight of a perfume

Purified water: Up to 100% by weight

5. Preparation of pack

According to the following composition, a pack containing plant extracts as active ingredients was prepared according to a conventional method.

0.2% by weight of plant extracts

1.0% by weight of beta-1,3-glucan

13.0% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol

0.2% by weight of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose

5.0% by weight of glycerin

0.1% by weight of allantoin

6.0% by weight of ethanol

0.3% by weight of PEG -12 nonylphenyl ether

0.3% by weight of polysorbate 60

0.05% by weight of a preservative

0.05% by weight of a pigment

0.05% by weight of a perfume

Purified water: Up to 100% by weight

FORMULATION EXAMPLE 3 Preparation of Skin External Preparation

1. Preparation of gel

According to the following composition, a gel containing plant extracts as active ingredients was prepared according to a conventional method.

0.1% by weight of plant extracts

0.1% by weight of beta-1,3-glucan

0.05% by weight of sodium ethylenediamine acetate

5.0% by weight of glycerin

0.3% by weight of a carboxyvinyl polymer

5.0% by weight of ethanol

0.5% by weight of PEG-60 hydrogenated castor oil

0.3% by weight of triethanolamine

0.05% by weight of a preservative

0.05% by weight of a pigment

0.05% by weight of a perfume

Purified water: Up to 100% by weight

2. Preparation of ointment

According to the following composition, an ointment containing plant extracts as active ingredients was prepared according to a conventional method.

0.5% by weight of plant extracts

10.0% by weight of beta-1,3-glucan

10.0% by weight of beeswax

5.0% by weight of polysorbate 60

2.0% by weight of PEG 60 hydrogenated castor oil

0.5% by weight of sorbitan sesquioleate

5.0% by weight of Vaseline

10.0% by weight of liquid paraffin

5.0% by weight of squalene

3.0% by weight of shea butter

5.0% by weight of caprylic/capric triglyceride

10.0% by weight of glycerin

10.2% by weight of propylene glycol

0.2% by weight of triethanolamine

0.05% by weight of a preservative

0.05% by weight of a pigment

0.05% by weight of a perfume

water: Up to 100% by weight

3. Preparation of drug for topical administration (gel ointment)

According to the following composition, a gel ointment containing plant extracts as active ingredients was prepared according to a conventional method.

0.5% by weight of plant extracts

10.0% by weight of beta-1,3-glucan

1.5% by weight of polyacrylic acid (Carbopol 940)

5.0% by weight of isopropanol

25.0% by weight of hexylene glycol

1.7% by weight of triethanolamine

Deionized water: Up to 100% by weight

4. Preparation of drug for topical administration (patch)

According to the following composition, a patch containing plant extracts as active ingredients was prepared according to a conventional method.

0.5% by weight of plant extracts

3.0% by weight of beta-1,3-glucan

20.0% by weight of hexylene glycol

0.7% by weight of diethylamine

1.0% by weight of polyacrylic acid (Carbopol 934P)

0.1% by weight of sodium sulfite

1.0% by weight of polyoxyethylene lauryl ether (E.O=9)

1.0% by weight of polyhydroxyethylene cetyl stearyl ether (Cetomacrogol 1000)

2.5% by weight of viscous paraffin oil

2.5% by weight of caprylic acid ester/capric acid ester (Cetiol LC)

3.0% by weight of polyethylene glycol 400

Deionized water: Up to 100% by weight

FORMULATION EXAMPLE 4 Manufacture of Food

Foods containing the plant extracts of the present invention were prepared as follows.

1. Manufacture of flour food

0.05 to 1.0 part by weight of the plant extracts was added to flour to prepare a mixture. This mixture was used to manufacture health foods such as breads, cakes, cookies, crackers, and noodles.

2. Manufacture of dairy products

0.2 parts by weight of the plant extracts was added to milk, and various dairy products such as butter and ice cream were manufactured using the milk.

3. Manufacture of mixed grain powder

Brown rice, barley, glutinous rice, and adlay were dried through pregelatinization by a known method, and then the dried grains were roasted and pulverized using a grinder to obtain powder having a particle size of 60 mesh, In addition, black beans, black sesame, and perilla were steamed and dried according to a known method. Then, the dried grains were roasted and pulverized using a grinder to obtain powder having a particle size of 60 mesh. The plant extracts were concentrated under reduced pressure using a vacuum concentrator and dried through spraying and hot air drying to obtain a dried product. The dried product was pulverized using a grinder to obtain powder having a particle size of 60 mesh,

Based on 100 parts by weight of the mixed powder, the dry powder of grains, seeds, and plant extracts prepared above was blended in the following ratios.

Grains (30 parts by weight of brown rice, 15 parts by weight of adlay, and 20 parts by weight of barley),

Seeds (7 parts by weight of perilla, 8 parts by weight of black beans, and 7 parts by weight of black sesame),

0.1 parts by weight of plant extracts,

0.5 parts by weight of lingzhi mushroom,

0.5 parts by weight of adhesive rehmannia

FORMULATION EXAMPLE 5 Manufacture of Beverages

1. Manufacture of health drinks

0.1 mg of plant extracts

1.000 mg of citric acid

100 g of oligosaccharide

2 g of plum concentrate

1 g of taurine

Adjusting the total volume to 900 mL with purified water

After mixing the above ingredients according to a conventional health drink manufacturing method, the mixture was stirred and heated at 85° C. for about 1 hour to obtain a solution. The solution was placed in a filtered and sterilized 2L container, sealed, and sterilized. Thereafter, the filtered solution was refrigerated. Then, the solution was used in preparation of the health drink composition of the present invention.

As a preferred embodiment, the composition ratio is determined based on ingredients suitable for favorite drinks. However, the composition ratio may be arbitrarily changed according to regional and ethnic preferences such as demand class, demand country, and use purpose.

2. Manufacture of vegetable juice

1 g of the plant extracts of the present invention was added to 1,000 mL of tomato or carrot juice to prepare vegetable juice for health promotion.

3. Manufacture of fruit juice

1 g of the plant extracts of the present invention was added to 1,000 mL of apple or grape juice to prepare fruit juice for health promotion.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

A composition comprising plant extracts according to the present invention has a skin whitening effect by reducing the total amount of melanin and tyrosinase activity in melanocytes of the skin, promotes skin regeneration and increases skin elasticity or reduces skin wrinkles by promoting collagen synthesis and inhibiting collagenase activity in fibroblasts of the skin, has an anti-inflammatory or a skin soothing effect by suppressing NO generation, increases the amount of moisture in the skin and has a moisturizing effect by promoting generation of hyaluronic acid in fibroblasts, and has an antioxidant effect by scavenging free radicals. In addition, since the composition of the present invention has a broad antibacterial effect against various bacteria, the composition can be used as a cosmetic composition, a pharmaceutical composition, a skin external preparation, or a food composition. 

1.-7. (canceled)
 8. A method of skin-moisturizing, which comprises applying a cosmetic composition comprising one or more plant extracts selected from the group consisting of Island thistle (scientific name: Cirsium nipponicum (Maxim.), Wild chervil (scientific name: Anthriscus sylvestris), Orange Daylily (scientific name: Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L.), and Ulleung goldenrod (scientific name: Solidago virgaurea) as active ingredients, to the skin.
 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein plant extracts are substances extracted from plants using water, an organic solvent, or a mixture thereof.
 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the organic solvent is a low-grade alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a polyhydric alcohol, a hydrocarbon-based solvent, or a mixture thereof.
 11. The method according to claim 8, wherein, based on 100 parts by weight of the composition, the plant extracts are comprised in an amount of 0.0001 to 10 parts by weight.
 12. A method of skin-moisturizing, which comprises applying a pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more plant extracts selected from the group consisting of island thistle (scientific name: Cirsium nipponicum (Maxim.), Wild chervil (scientific name: Anthriscus sylvestris), Orange Daylily (scientific name: Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L.)and Ulleung goldenrod (scientific name: Solidago virgaurea) as active ingredients, to the skin.
 13. A method of skin-moisturizing, which comprises applying a skin external preparation comprising one or more plant extracts selected from the group consisting of Island thistle (scientific name: Cirsium nipponicum (Maxim.), Wild chervil (scientific name: Anthriscus sylvestris), Orange Daylily (scientific name: Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L.), and Ulleung goldenrod (scientific name: Solidago virgaurea) as active ingredients, to the skin.
 14. A method of skin-moisturizing, which comprises applying a food composition comprising one or more plant extracts selected from the group consisting of Island thistle (scientific name: Cirsium nipponicum (Maxim.), Wild chervil (scientific name: Anthriscus sylvestris), Orange Daylily (scientific name: Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L.), and Ulleung goldenrod (scientific name: Solidago virgaurea) as active ingredients, to the skin. 